226results about How to "Inhibition of variation" patented technology

An organic light emitting device capable of securing favorable electric connection between an auxiliary wiring layer and a second electrode without using a pixel separation mask, a method of manufacturing the same, a display unit, and an electronic device are provided. In the organic light emitting devices, for example, the auxiliary wiring layer, a first electrode as an anode, an insulating film between pixels, an organic layer including a light emitting layer, and the second electrode as a cathode are formed in this order over a substrate. In a region of the organic layer corresponding to the auxiliary wiring layer, an aperture is provided. On the auxiliary wiring layer, a connection section having a plurality of convex sections is formed. In the aperture of the organic layer, the auxiliary wiring layer and the second electrode are electrically connected by the connection section.

A driving method of an OLED display device having a plurality of pixels each including an OLED which emits light in response to pixel data, includes applying black data to the pixels during a predetermined period directly after system power is applied, supplying driving voltages to the OLEDs during initial driving where the black data is applied to the pixels, detecting a driving current flowing through the OLEDs by the black data at a first non-emission period after at least one frame has elapsed from a time point where the driving voltages are supplied to the OLEDs, and applying pixel data to the pixels for normal driving subsequent to the initial driving.

A lithographic projection apparatus with a chuck in which a dielectric element of the electrostatic chuck has a specific resistivity of at least 10¹⁶ Ωcm so that once the potential difference between electrodes of the chuck is removed the force on the article to be clamped reduces below a predetermined minimum level quickly. The dielectric element also has a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 0.02×10⁻⁶K⁻¹. A method of manufacturing a chuck includes joining a first glass ceramic element with a second glass element with an electrode therebetween in which a current is passed through the second glass element.

An acceleration sensor in which a regulation plate is fixed with adhesive onto a support frame of a sensor chip of the sensor to limit the movement of a mass portion of the sensor chip within a predetermined gap range. In the acceleration sensor, the adhesion area of the adhesive can be controlled to a predetermined value to prevent a variation of the sensitivity due to the variation of the adhesion area. The sensor chip comprises the mass portion, the frame surrounding the mass portion and having on an upper surface of the frame a plurality of the recesses to fill adhesive into, elastic support arms bridging the mass portion and the frame, and strain gauges formed on the elastic support arms. The regulation plate is fixed with paste onto the frame with the predetermined gap with an upper surface of the mass portion. The paste contains hard plastic balls, of a diameter larger than the predetermined gap, mixed with adhesive. The adhesive is preferably of silicon-rubber resin.

A semiconductor structure including at least one transistor located on a surface of a semiconductor substrate, wherein the at least one transistor has a sub-lithographic channel length, is provided. Also provided is a method to form such a semiconductor structure using self-assembling block copolymer that can be placed at a specific location using a pre-fabricated hard mask pattern.

A liquid chromatograph provided here is adapted to enable the lengths of tubing for connecting the respective constituent elements thereof to be minimized by making the positions of the respective constituent elements including a detector and a column movable and adjustable in order to reduce the dead volume in a liquid chromatograph system in plumbing and increase the analytical precision through prevention of diffusion of samples and rapid sending of a mixed liquid solvent. Furthermore, in order to prevent cross-contamination due to residues of samples and cleaning liquid in a flow channel of the liquid chromatograph system, an injection port in which a needle can be inserted is so provided as to communicate directly with a flow channel of an injection valve.

Charging apparatus 10 includes secondary battery 13 used for buffering, rectifier 11 that supplies direct current power to secondary battery 13 used for buffering, DC-DC converter 14 connected to driving battery 3 in electric vehicle 2 via charging cable 4, switching control circuit 12, and isothermal wind generator 16 that adjusts the temperature of secondary battery 13 used for buffering from outside of secondary battery 13 used for buffering. Switching control circuit 12 switches charging apparatus 10 between a first mode in which power supplied by rectifier 11 is accumulated in secondary battery 13 used for buffering and a second mode in which driving battery 3 is charged with the power supplied by secondary battery 13 used for buffering. Secondary battery 13 used for buffering includes at least one cell in which a battery element with a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate that are laminated therein is sealed with an outer cover film.

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device on a semiconductor substrate, includes the steps of forming a first metal film on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate; forming a second metal film on the surface of the first metal film; activating a surface of the second metal film to provide an activated surface; and forming a plated film on the activated surface by a wet plating method in a plating bath that includes a reducing agent that is oxidized during plating and that has a rate of oxidation, wherein the second metal film is a metal film mainly composed of a first substance that enhances the rate of oxidation of the reducing agent in the plating bath. Wet plating is preferably an electroless process.

One electrode and another electrode adjoining an upper end region of the one electrode in an operating direction of a fader sensor are divided by a boundary line extending zigzag in a generally M shape transversely relative to the operating direction, so that upper and lower apex portions of the one electrode and the other electrode bite into each other. Similarly, the one electrode and another electrode adjoining a lower end region of the one electrode each other are divided by a boundary line extending zigzag in a generally M shape transversely relative to the operating direction. As a finger touches the fader sensor, the finger simultaneously touches the three electrodes, and corresponding output signals are output therefrom. A weighted average of the output signals is calculated so that position information of the finger having touched the sensor can be acquired with a high resolution.

A method for starting an engine of a vehicle having a hybrid transmission is provided. The hybrid transmission is capable of providing motor running under a power of an electric motor only and hybrid running under a power of both of the engine and the electric motor. The power of an engine is supplied to the hybrid transmission by way of a clutch. The method includes, when the clutch is engaged for starting the engine during the motor running, issuing an engine start instruction when an engine speed increases to a startable speed with the progress of engagement of the clutch, and after the moment of issue of the engine start instruction, restricting increase of an engagement force of the clutch and thereby suppressing the progress of engagement of the clutch. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.

Methods and apparatus are provided for making a rotor blade spar from composite material wherein a multi-component mandrel is used to form the composite spar. The mandrel is made using a number of components, which are assembled to provide a structure that is sufficiently strong to maintain the spar shape during pre-cure lay up, compaction and curing of the composite material. The multiple components used to form the mandrel can be separated from each other and easily removed from the spar either before or after curing of the composite material. The mandrel components can then be re-assembled and re-used to form additional composite spars.

A method and system are disclosed for detecting turn-to-turn and phase-to-phase winding short circuits in an electric motor. The motor is tested at a standstill condition by injecting a current signal into the virtual d-axis of the motor while controlling q-axis current to zero. Steady state feedback current from the motor is measured, and current harmonics are calculated using FFT or peak-to-peak techniques. It is determined that a short circuit is present in the winding if feedback current harmonics higher than a nominal level are detected, where the increased feedback current is an indication that winding inductance has decreased due to a short circuit. Testing at standstill using a small current advantageously prevents the possibility of damaging the motor and avoids inductance variation due to changing rotor position.

An ink jet recording method utilizing an ink set for ink jet recording which includes at least two types of liquids including an ink that contains at least a colorant, and a liquid composition that contains at least a component for aggregating and/or thickening the ink. The relation represented by the following formula (1) is satisfied:

b₂/a₂<b₁/a₁   Formula (1)

wherein a₁ and b₁ represent the respective amounts of the ink and the liquid composition applied per unit area, when the ink is applied to the recording material before the liquid composition is applied; a₂ and b₂ represent the respective amounts of the ink and the liquid composition applied per unit area, when the liquid composition is applied to the recording material before the ink is applied; and a₁ and b₁ satisfy the relation a₁>b₁ and a₂ and b₂ satisfy the relation a₂>b₂.

A small form-factor pluggable (SFP) connector structure is disclosed. The SFP connector structure comprises an insulating body, a plurality of first terminals, a plurality of second terminals, and a metal cover. Two card entry slots are formed vertically on the insulating body. Dovetail structures are formed on the sides of the insulating body. The first and second terminals are disposed on the insulating body and extend into the card entry slots. The metal cover is over the insulating body. Thus, the SFP connectors can be connected in parallel without tolerance variation, hence achieving better alignment. A SFP connector assembly is also disclosed.

A method for forming MRAM cell structures wherein the topography of the cell is substantially flat and the distance between a bit line and a magnetic free layer, a word line and a magnetic free layer or a word line and a bit line and a magnetic free layer is precise and well controlled. The method includes the formation of an MTJ film stack over which is formed both a capping and sacrificial layer. The stack is patterned by conventional means, then is covered by a layer of insulation which is thinned by CMP to expose a remaining portion of the sacrificial layer. The remaining portion of the sacrificial layer can be precisely removed by an etching process, leaving only the well dimensioned capping layer to separate the bit line from the magnetic free layer and the capping layer. The bit line and an intervening layer of insulation separate the free layer from a word line in an equally precise and controlled manner.