The invention provides a self-adaptive follow-up pulse ablation system which comprises a power supply system, an isolation transformer, a high-voltage power supply, an energy storage system, a pulse generation system, a pulse monitoring system, a pulse switching system, an electrode system, a control system, an isolation system, an acquisition system, a positioning system, a follow-up system, an upper computer system and a cloud platform. The optimal treatment parameter range is provided for each treatment process by adopting a cloud platform and an artificial intelligence algorithm, and the pulse (group) parameters are adaptively adjusted in real time in the treatment process, so that the shaking degree and the temperature rise condition of the biological tissue are both within the threshold range, the relative displacement and the relative rotation of the electrode and the treatment part are reduced, and the treatment effect is improved. The optimal treatment effect and the minimum side effect are achieved; meanwhile, the self-adaptive follow-up pulse ablation system and method can reduce the influence of anisotropy of biological tissues at the tumor part, so that the pulse ablation is more uniform, and the ablation effect is better.