The invention relates to a Si@SiC-Si3N4 electrode material based on a catalytic nitridation method and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving 5-25 parts bymass of a catalyst in 1000 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out magnetic stirring for 15-20min, adding 100 parts by mass of silicon powder into the solution, carrying out magnetic stirring for 15-20min, adding 12.5-20 parts by mass of a liquid phenolic resin into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring for 25-30min, drying the solution at 90-110 DEG C for 24-30h to obtain a catalyst-loaded precursor, under the nitrogen atmosphere condition, heating the catalyst-loaded precursor to 1250-1350 DEG C at a rate of 4-5 DEG C / min, carrying out heat preservation for 2-3h, then heating the catalyst-loaded precursor to 1400-1450 DEG C at a rate of 2-3 DEG C / min, carrying out heat preservation for 3-4h, and carrying out natural cooling so as to obtain the Si@SiC-Si3N4 electrode material based on the catalytic nitridation method. According to the invention, the cost is low, the production process is simple, and the prepared product has excellent morphological characteristics, pseudocapacitance characteristics and excellent capacitance and high-rate performance.