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The invention aims at providing A light-shielding paste which contains a thermoplastic resin and an inorganic member as essential components; A light-shielding paste which contains a thermosetting resin and an inorganic member as essential components; A curable composition which contains, as essential components, (A) an organic compound comprising an organic main chain containing at least two carbon-carbon double bonds reactive with a SiH group in each molecule, (B) a silicon compound having at least two SiH groups in each molecule, (C) a hydrosilylation catalyst, (D) a silane coupling agent and / or an epoxy group-containing compound, (E) a silanol condensation catalyst, and (F) an inorganic member; The above curable composition which further contains (G) silica; The above curable composition which shows such a flow leveling property that when the composition is allowed to stand on a glass substrate inclined at an angle of 80 degrees at 100° C. for 1 hour, the flow-out distance is not longer than 2 cm; A light-shielding paste which comprises the above curable composition; or, A method of forming a light-shielding resin layer on a LED package having an aperture comprising a bottom and sidewalls and formed of a molding resin by a monolithic process with the respective ends of an external positive electrode and an external negative electrode being exposed at a predetermined distance on the aperture bottom which method comprises (1) applying a light-shielding paste to a substrate; (2) bringing the LED package aperture into close contact therewith; and (3) heating the LED package with the aperture facing upward; and thereby the light-shielding paste is allowed to spread along the package sidewalls alone. The curable composition of the invention is excellent in light-shielding ability and is highly resistant to light and, therefore, can be used as a light-shielding paste. Further, the curable composition of the invention is low in fluidity and, therefore, light-emitting diodes with the curing product formed on the LED package sidewalls alone can be obtained by using that curable composition. Furthermore, according to the method of light-shielding resin layer formation according to the invention, it is possible to efficiently apply a light-shielding paste to the LED package sidewalls alone for light-shielding resin layer formation, whereby the productivity is markedly improved.

A birefringent film comprising at least one birefringent layer of liquid crystal material forming multi domains with a splayed structure may be coated onto a reflective substrate, e.g., with an aluminium surface. The birefringent film is particularly suited for decorative, security, authentification or identification applications.

An image pickup system includes an image pickup apparatus in which, photoelectric conversion cells are arranged two-dimensionally, and at least some of the photoelectric conversion cells are arranged to output a signal for detecting an amount of defocus. The photoelectric conversion cells which output the signal for detecting the amount defocus form at least two photoelectric conversion cell groups, each receiving a light beam from a pupil area having different area. Each photoelectric conversion cell group has a plurality of photoelectric conversion cell columns. The image pickup system includes a calculating section which has an AF mode which generates a defocus signal by comparing mutually the signals for detecting the amount of defocus which have been output from the two photoelectric conversion cell groups, and a correction section which corrects the signal for detecting the amount of defocus, from information related to distortion of the taking lens.

This invention is concerned with a butadiene-based polymer having a high cis-1,4 bond content, a low vinyl bond content and a molecular weight distribution of a specified range, and more particularly a butadiene-based polymer having a 1,3-butadiene monomer unit, characterized in that a cis-1,4 bond content and a vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit as measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is not less than 98.0% and not more than 0.3%, respectively, and a ratio (Mw / Mn) of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn) is 1.6-3.5.

A power amplifier having a driver stage and an output stage is configured to provide an amplified RF input signal. The driver stage of the power amplifier consists of one or more driver circuits consisting of a network of transistors, current sources, capacitive elements and resistive elements. An RF input signal is fed into the driver stage which is configured to provide a dynamic DC bias and an RF signal gain to a base terminal of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) power device present in the output stage. The output stage includes of a network of transistors, capacitive and resistive elements and when driven by the DC bias and the RF signal from the driver stage produces an amplified RF input signal at an output side of the output stage.

A method for preparing a toner including providing toner particles including at least a binder resin; and contacting a coating fluid including a silicone resin and at least one of a super critical fluid and a sub-critical fluid with a surface of the toner particles to form thereon a layer including the silicone resin. A toner prepared by the method. A developer including the toner and an optional carrier. An image forming method, and image forming apparatus, and a process cartridge using the developer.

A torque response control apparatus for an electric motor of a vehicle comprises a motor torque response control means that is configured to carry out finding a difference between a required acceleration that is variable in accordance with a change of a vehicle driving condition and an actual acceleration that is obtained, at the time of the change of the vehicle driving condition, with the aid of a torque characteristic of the electric motor, the difference being caused by the torque characteristic of the electric motor in which the maximum torque is varied in accordance with a rotation speed of the electric motor; and controlling the torque response of the electric motor in a manner to cause a driver to feel the difference of the actual acceleration from the required acceleration to be small by compensating the difference between the required acceleration and the actual acceleration.

The invention relates to an image capturing device comprising an image sensor. A first polarizing filter is arranged in at least one first subarea in front of the image sensor while a second polarizing filter is arranged in at least one second subarea. The polarizing filters have different directions of polarization (h;v). The image capturing device of the invention comprises an evaluation unit which is able to detect the presence of polarized light by comparing the intensities of the at least two subareas that are polarized differently. In other words, the intensity in the subarea of the image sensor which receives electromagnetic radiation that has passed through the first polarizing filter is compared with the intensity in the subarea of the image sensor which receives electromagnetic radiation that has passed through the second polarizing filter.

The invention relates to a composition for modulation of at least one bacteria-related parameter comprising oxazaborolidine derivative compounds. The invention additionally relates to new oxazaborolidine derivative compounds. The invention further relates to a composition for decreasing bacterial growth, a composition for increasing the susceptibility of bacteria to the cytotoxic effects of other antibacterial agents, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient an oxazaborolidine derivative compound. Methods for modulating at least one bacteria-related parameter, for preventing, decreasing or eliminating bacterial growth, and for making bacteria more susceptible to other antibacterial compounds are also described.

A hydraulic torque converter, particularly for use in a motor vehicle between the prime mover and the transmission of the power train, employs a combination of a bypass clutch with one or more torsional vibration dampers which brings about savings in space and / or in the number of parts. In addition, the torque converter can stand long periods of use and is less prone to wear, adverse influences of abruptly developing stresses and / or other undesirable influences than conventional torque converters. Furthermore, the improved torque converter employs or can employ a bypass clutch and / or one or more torsional vibration dampers simpler and less expensive than but superior to those in conventional torque converters.

An apparatus and method for producing a dye-sensitized cell are provided, in which a pre-transparent electrode and an opposite electrode are partially bonded, dye molecules are applied to the bonded electrodes followed by washing, an electrolyte is injected, and then the electrodes are hermetically sealed. With the apparatus and method, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be simplified.

A semiconductor device disclosed herein is configured such that a well region including a well layer is disposed between a main region of a semiconductor substrate and a current sense region of the semiconductor substrate, that a well region electrode is disposed above the well region, and that the well layer and the well region electrode are in contact with each other through a contact hole formed in an interlayer insulating film.

This invention is concerned with a butadiene-based polymer having a high cis-1,4 bond content, a low vinyl bond content and a molecular weight distribution of a specified range, and more particularly a butadiene-based polymer having a 1,3-butadiene monomer unit, characterized in that a cis-1,4 bond content and a vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit as measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is not less than 98.0% and not more than 0.3%, respectively, and a ratio (Mw / Mn) of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn) is 1.6-3.5.

A hydraulic vehicle brake system, preferably a slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake system, includes two brake circuits to which wheel brakes of front wheels are attached. The brake system further includes an additional brake circuit, which is not attached to the main brake cylinder, but is provided with a hydraulic pump for power braking. Wheel brakes of vehicle wheels are attached to the additional brake circuit and are configured to be driven by an electric motor. The electric motor is operated as a generator during a braking operation to compensate for the braking moment generated in the additional brake circuit.

An image pickup system includes an image pickup apparatus in which, photoelectric conversion cells are arranged two-dimensionally, and at least some of the photoelectric conversion cells are arranged to output a signal for detecting an amount of defocus. The photoelectric conversion cells which output the signal for detecting the amount defocus form at least two photoelectric conversion cell groups, each receiving a light beam from a pupil area having different area. Each photoelectric conversion cell group has a plurality of photoelectric conversion cell columns. The image pickup system includes a calculating section which has an AF mode which generates a defocus signal by comparing mutually the signals for detecting the amount of defocus which have been output from the two photoelectric conversion cell groups, and a correction section which corrects the signal for detecting the amount of defocus, from information related to distortion of the taking lens.

A rotary blade for a weed cutter, in which a center face part including an axial center of a thin disc body 1 wholly made of a spiral steel material is in the form of a horizontal plane, and a circumferential part adjacent to the center face part has a one rotation-directional corrugated cutting part having one side face of concave form and the other side face of convex form, wherein the cutting part face is corrugated in the circular curved-surface form instead of the triangular form.

A semiconductor device 1 which comprises a pair of an ohmic electrode 20 and a Schottky electrode 10 separated from each other, and a semiconductor layer 30 in contact with the ohmic electrode 20 and the Schottky electrode 10, and which satisfies the following formula (I):n<ɛVeqL2(I)in which n is a carrier concentration (cm−3) of the semiconductor layer, ε is a dielectric constant (F / cm) of the semiconductor layer, Ve is a forward effective voltage (V) between the ohmic electrode and the Schottky electrode, q is an elementary charge (C), and L is a distance (cm) between the ohmic electrode and the Schottky electrode.

The present invention relates to the identification EAT-2 and ERT as novel therapeutic targets for the modulation of innate immune cell functions. More particularly the present invention describes novel methods for modulating innate immune cells-mediated immune response, useful in the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases as well as autoimmune diseases. The invention also features EAT-2 deficient and overexpressing transgenic animals, screening assays to identify agents that modulate EAT-2 and ERT activity or expression as well as methods of treatments comprising a modulation of NK cells function

A phenyl ester is produced by allowing benzene, a carboxylic acid and molecular oxygen to react with each other in the presence of a catalyst comprising (A) palladium, (B) at least one element selected from elements of groups 13, 14, 15, and 16 and the fourth to sixth periods of the periodic table, and (C) at least one element selected from elements of groups 3, 4 and lanthanoid elements of the periodic table. Preferably, element (B) is selected from elements of group 16 and the fourth to sixth periods of the periodic table, and element (C) is contained in a metal oxide form in the catalyst. The catalytic activity can be maintained at a high level, and a phenyl ester is stably produced. The phenyl ester can be converted to phenol by a conventional procedure.

A novel peptide and a composition including the peptide are disclosed. The composition may be a pharmaceutical composition, a quasi-drug composition, a dietary supplement, or a food composition. A polynucleotide encoding the peptide and an expression vector including the polynucleotide are also disclosed. The peptide promotes regeneration of hard tissue and is useful for treating dentin-dental pulp diseases or periodontal diseases.

The present invention relates to a single-crystalline aluminum nitride wherein a carbon concentration is 1×1014 atoms / cm3 or more and less than 3×1017 atoms / cm3, a chlorine concentration is 1×1014 to 1×1017 atoms / cm3, and an absorption coefficient at 265 nm wavelength is 40 cm−1 or less.