The invention relates to an anti-skid seal coat composite material used for roads and a preparation method thereof. The composite material includes: a component A, comprising an aqueous epoxy resin emulsion and a phenol-terminated polyurethane prepolymer emulsion; a component B comprising an aqueous epoxy resin curing agent, emulsified asphalt, styrene-acrylic emulsion, a flame retardant, TiO2, color paste, ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, an anti-aging agent, and a defoamer; a component C including: an antiskid aggregate. The preparation method includes: uniformly blending the componentA and component B to obtain a liquid adhesion material; uniformly spraying the liquid adhesion material, according to metric use amount, on the surface of a road, and meanwhile uniformly spreading theantiskid aggregate, thereby preparing the anti-skid seal coat composite material after the liquid adhesion material is dried and cured. The composite material is based on the aqueous epoxy resin withcombination of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, polyurethane emulsion and the like, which can form a layer of compact waterproof and anti-wearing layer with the antiskid aggregate, thereby producing thecomposite material; the composite material is applied to preventive maintenance treatment on the road surface, can significantly increase the surface friction force and wearing resistance of the roadsurface, reduces water permeability coefficient, and reduces generation of diseases and safety accident.