The embodiment of the invention discloses a data transmission method, a data transmission apparatus and a data transmission device based on an Ethernet udp protocol, and a computer readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: a sending end sends a file information packet containing to-be-transmitted data size through a udp protocol format, divides the to-be-transmitted data into a plurality of grouped data packets according to a value of the number of sequences and the sequence size fed back by a receiving end, divides one grouped data packet into a plurality of sequencepackets and sends the sequence packets, and sends a grouped ending packet after completing sending of each grouped data packet; in a transmission process of one grouped data packet, when the receivingend confirms that an unreceived sequence packet exists according to a sequence number of each sequence packet, the receiving end sends a retransmission request containing packet loss information, andthe sending end retransmits the corresponding sequence packet according to the packet loss sequence number in the retransmission request. The method, the apparatus, the device and the medium providedby the invention realize that the Ethernet udp protocol lose data under a congested network environment no longer, meanwhile, can transmit large-capacity, real-time and reliable data under the non-congested environment.