486results about How to "Avoid measuring" patented technology

A wafer holder that prevents positional deviation of the wafer mounted on the wafer-mounting surface of a chuck top and enables better thermal uniformity of the wafer, as well as a heater unit including the wafer holder and a wafer prober mounting these are provided. The wafer holder has a chuck top mounting and fixing the wafer and a supporter supporting the chuck top, and the chuck top has water absorption of at least 0.01% and preferably at least 0.1%. Preferable material of the chuck top is a composite of metal and ceramics, and particularly, a composite of aluminum and silicon carbide, or a composite of silicon and silicon carbide.

A digital measurement apparatus measures a physical measurement object, provides a digital signature of public-key cryptography to measured data of a thus-measured physical quantity, and manages the measured data. The apparatus generates at least a pair of a public key and a private key, to be used for the digital signature of the public-key cryptography, through a key generating algorithm.

The disclosure relates to a method for detecting the presence of an object near a detection device, comprising: emitting pulses of an incident photon beam, detecting photodiodes which trigger avalanche after the reception by the photodiode of at least one photon of a reflected photon beam produced by a reflection of the incident beam on an object near the detection device, determining a distance between the photodiodes and an object in a detection area, as a function of the time between a transmit time of the incident beam and avalanche triggering times of the photodiodes, and correcting the distance determined as a function of a calibration measurement obtained in the absence of object in the detection area, to compensate for photon reflections on a transparent plate arranged between the photodiodes and the detection area.

An expansion of the functional scope of a hybrid integrated component including an MEMS element, a cap for the micromechanical structure of the MEMS element, and an ASIC element having circuit components is provided. In this component, the circuit components of the ASIC element interact with the micromechanical structure of the MEMS element. The MEMS element is mounted on the ASIC element in such a way that the micromechanical structure of the MEMS element is situated in a cavity between the cap and the ASIC element. The ASIC element is additionally equipped with the circuit components of a magnetic sensor system. These circuit components are produced in or on the CMOS back-end stack of the ASIC element. The magnetic sensor system may thus be implemented without enlarging the chip area.

A method and system for employee life cycle management collects occupational health data from a plurality of diverse occupational health data sources for a plurality of employees, stores the collected data in a central database, processes the data to generate employee life cycle data, stores the employee life cycle management data in the database, and centrally manages the employee life cycle management data to make the employee life cycle data available to at least one employer.

Spectrometric methodology for non-invasively obtaining optical spectra from heterogeneous material for the identification and quantification of constituent compounds. There is provided a transient or steady state subsurface thermal gradient spectroscopic methodology for obtaining in vivo optical spectra relating to the concentration of n analytes at depths to around 330 microns in human tissue, and for determining that concentration from the spectra. The methodology is employable on a wide variety of spectrometric devices, and enables: a real time determination of both surface and reference intensities; a fast, efficient calibration of the spectrometric device; and results in the provision of an analytical parameter which avoids the measurement of the optical path length to enable the extremely accurate calculation of a ratio of concentrations of n analytes in the system under analysis.

Disclosed are a signal transmission method and apparatus, wherein the method comprises: a terminal using pre-determined spectrum resources on a carrier wave or small cell receives a signal, and confirms whether the received signal belongs to a service carrier wave/service small cell of the terminal; in the affirmative, the terminal, on the basis of the received signal and/or further received signals, carries out measurement and/or data transmission. The present invention, by means of the terminal confirming whether the current received signal is a service base station or service small cell signal, and when so, then carrying out measurement and/or data transmission, avoids the terminal receiving erroneous data or carrying out measurement and/or data transmission based on erroneous data, and therefore overcomes the problem of declining system performance and enables reasonable use of pre-determined spectrum resources.

Systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are disclosed for the identification and management of causal knowledge. Organizations can use this knowledge to improve performance by, for example, designing cost-effective interventions to change customer or employee behavior. These methods use novel ways to abstract, standardize, and automate the identification and management of causal knowledge, thus making it accessible and affordable to most business users. Moreover, methods are disclosed that—for the first time—solve two critical problems of randomized controlled trials: Missing data on the outcomes of interest, and the inability to generalize findings from the experimental sample to the population using non-probability samples. This includes solving a fundamental problem (present also in probability samples) with the generalization of segmented analysis from a study sample to a population. Use of these embodiments will make the identification and management of causal knowledge much more cost effective, efficient, and reliable.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and equipment for configuring neighbor cells for a mobile node B. By using the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the unnecessary neighbor cell configuration and measuring process of the mobile node B are reduced, and a corresponding neighbor cell configuration scheme can be selected according to the mobile state of the mobile node B. On the one hand, frequent neighbor cell configuration and measurement due to the continuous change of peripheral cells in the high-speed moving process of the mobile node B can be avoided, and on the other hand, the neighbor cells are normally configured when the mobile node B moves at a low speed or stands still, so that unnecessary measurement and information communication processes in a system are reduced, and the communication load of the system due to the frequent change of the cells are avoided.

A measurement endoscope system includes: an image pick-up device, an endoscope insertion portion to which a plurality of stereo measurement optical adaptors and a normal measurement adaptor are detachably attachable, a control unit for accommodating the endoscope insertion portion, a face mounted display for stereoscopically viewing a normal endoscope image or stereoscopically viewing the endoscope image as a pseudo stereo image, and the like. The control unit includes a CPU for controlling the execution of various functions based on a main program, a ROM, a RAM, a PC card, a USB port, an RS-232 port, an audio signal processing circuit, and a video signal processing circuit. The control unit can be connected externally to a PC. The measurement endoscope system allows taking image re-measurements under a correct measurement environment simple operation, with the re-measurements being performed promptly without consideration of the measurement environment. Thus, the operability of the system is improved and greatly expedited.

The invention belongs to the distributed fiber sensing technology, and provides a distributed fiber sensing method and a distributed fiber sensing device for simultaneously measuring temperature and strain. The method comprises the following steps of: calibrating Brillouin frequency shift temperature coefficients and strain coefficients of a sensing fiber to be measured, which correspond to incident light of two different wavelengths; measuring the Brillouin frequency shift quantity of the sensing fiber in the two different wavelengths; and calculating the temperature and strain distribution of the sensing fiber. Specifically, the incident light of the two different wavelengths can be sequentially and separately injected into the sensing fiber during measurement, and can also be simultaneously injected into the sensing fiber through a wavelength division multiplexer. By adopting the common single mode fiber, the cost is low and long-distance distributed sensing can be realized; and only the Brillouin frequency shift quantity in different pumping wavelengths is required to be measured, so that the measurement precision is effectively improved, and the structure of the system is relatively simple.

The invention relates to a method for assessing an insulation state of oil paper based on characteristic quantity of frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy. The method comprises following steps: utilizing a linear medium response equivalent circuit to simulate polarization characteristics of the insulation state of oil paper for a transformer and setting up the relationship between linear medium response equivalent circuit parameters, frequency-domain characterization complex capacitance and dielectric loss factors; then, utilizing complex capacitances with high frequency bands and a parametric equivalent circuit model for dielectric loss characteristic quantity and finally, integrating dielectric loss curves with low frequency bands at prediction sections, wherein the range of frequency bands in a dielectric loss frequency domain is equally divided into n frequency points (n larger than or equal to 1), n frequency points correspond to n dielectric loss integral value and n frequencies and corresponding dielectric loss integral value are fitted to a function curve. The method for assessing an insulation state of oil paper based on characteristic quantity of frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy has following beneficial effects: in order to obtain much more insulation information carried by dielectric loss factors within the limited measurement frequency domain, integrals of dielectric loss factors are utilized in the predicted low-frequency section as characteristic parameters for assessment of insulation state; and dielectric loss integral value within the low-frequency stage obtained by calculations is utilized for determining the insulation aging state of oil paper.

The invention discloses a broadband micro-perforated board sound absorber, a sound absorber performance prediction method and a sound absorber structure design method. The sound absorber comprises a surface micro-perforated board and a back chamber with unequal periodicity depth, and the back chamber is used for expanding sound absorption bandwidth of the sound absorber. The performance prediction method is used for predicting a sound absorption coefficient frequency spectrum of the sound absorber, through finite element simulation and experiment measurement verification, the performance prediction method is accurate and reliable; the structure design method used for effectively realizing the broadband micro-perforated board sound absorber comprises steps that (1), a depth matrix of the periodic back chamber is designed on the basis of the secondary residual sequence combination arrangement theory; and (2), evaluation is realized on the basis of the performance prediction method, combination of parameters of the sound absorber are sequentially determined, including total sound absorber width of the periodic back chamber, depth of each sub back chamber, board thickness of the micro-perforated board, aperture and perforated percentage. Through the sound absorber performance prediction method and the sound absorber structure design method, the micro-perforated board sound absorber having the broadband sound absorption performance can be accurately, reliably and simply designed.

The invention provides an ultrasonic non-destructive abrasion-resistant coating thickness and elastic modulus measuring method, which belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic non-destructive detection. The method is based on a pulse echo technology and uses a single immersion focusing probe to acquire an echo signal of an abrasion-resistant coating/metal matrix specimen once to effectively extract longitudinal wave and transverse wave signals of back and forth interfaces of the coating. Spectral analysis is carried out on longitudinal wave and transverse wave signals to acquire corresponding ultrasonic reflection coefficient amplitude spectrum (URCAS). A cross-correlation analysis two-parameter inversion technology is combined to measure the longitudinal wave sound velocity V2l and the thickness d of the coating at the same time. Through the inversion of the thickness d and the resonant frequency fnt of shear wave URCAS, the transverse wave sound velocity V2t of the coating is calculated. Density rho2 is corrected through the combination with the coating porosity counted by a metallographic method. According to an elastic modulus expression, the elastic modulus is measured. According to the method, complicated operation of conventional ultrasonic multi-probe combination or multi-angle incidence is overcome; the shortcoming that the poisson ratio is assumed to be fixed by a surface wave method is overcome; and the problem of ultrasonic quantitative measurement of the elastic modulus of the coating is solved.

The invention discloses a three-coordinate measuring method for circumferential uniformly-distributed hole true position error, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining a theoretical coordinate in the center of a circle of a measured hole by calculation; (2) taking the theoretical coordinate in the center of the circle of the measured hole as a target point, and measuring the actual coordinate of the center of the circle of the measured hole; (3) calculating the circumferential relative error and the radial error of the center of the circle of the measured hole; and (4) calculating the true position error according to the circumferential relative error and the radial error or the circumferential absolute error and the radial error, finding out the maximum true position error, and judging whether the maximum true position error exceeds the set error. The three-coordinate measuring method can ensure that a three-coordinate measuring machine realizes automatic measurement and automatic calculation, can accurately measure the benchmark of a given initial datum hole and the benchmark of a non-given initial datum hole, has high universality and simple calculation, and avoids the occurrence that the error caused by the measurement and the calculation makes qualified products in the actual assembly detected as unqualified products so as to bring huge loss to manufactures.