The invention discloses an atmospheric pollution purifying device for urban roads. Structurally, the device comprises a device body, an air inlet, a pipeline, a dust collector, a high-efficiency filter, an induced draught fan, an exhaust cylinder and an air outlet; the device body is of a cylindrical structure, wherein the upper portion of the device body is narrow, the lower portion of the device body is wide, the height is 150 cm, and the radius is 20 cm; the machine body is connected with the air inlet in a penetrating mode, and the air inlet is of a cylindrical structure, wherein the outer wall of the air inlet is hard, the interior of the air inlet is hollow, and the radius is 5 cm; the machine body is connected with the pipeline in a penetrating mode, and the pipeline is of a cylindrical structure, wherein the outer wall of the pipeline is hard, the interior of the pipeline is hollow, and the radius is 6 cm. The atmospheric pollution purifying device for the urban roads is provided with the high-efficiency filter, through the cooperation between an adsorption layer in the high-efficiency filter and a filtration layer, carbon dioxide in air is adsorbed and filtered and can be eliminated completely, the situation is avoided that air with carbon dioxide is discharged into the atmosphere again, so that the air quality of the surrounding environment can be seriously affected, and therefore the air quality of the surrounding environment is ensured.