The invention discloses a test prototype automobile of an electric wheel driving automobile and a driving stability control method. The test prototype automobile of the electric wheel driving automobile comprises an automobile body, a steering wheel, an independent suspension and an electric wheel assembly. A wheel speed sensor, a steering wheel rotation angle sensor, a gyroscope and a control system are arranged on the automobile body. The control system comprises a sensor signal processor, a road surface state evaluator, a CAN bus, an electronic differential controller, a yawing moment controller, a driving skid-resistance controller, a torque coordinating distributor and an automobile driving state evaluation system. The driving stability control method comprises the following steps that (A) the automobile driving state is calculated and judged; (B) driving skid-resistance control is conducted; (C) electronic differential control is conducted; and (D) yawing moment control is conducted. By the adoption of the test prototype automobile of the electric wheel driving automobile and the driving stability control method, four-wheel independent driving and independent steering can be achieved, and various control methods of the electric wheel driving automobile can be verified through the test prototype automobile.