56 results about "Speciation" patented technology

A method of enhanced speciation of both positive and negatives species in an analyte is disclosed. The method can include producing a first analyte solution comprising an analyte composition and an effective amount of silver triflate, and analyzing the first analyte solution with an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer. The method can also include producing a second analyte solution comprising a portion of the analyte composition and an effective amount of a compound of formula I, and analyzing the second analyte solution with an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer. The compound of formula I is [NX⁺][OH⁻], where X is a linear, branched, or cyclic C₁-C₁₀ alkane; an aryl; a heterocyclic aromatic; or a heterocyclic moiety.

Methods are disclosed utilizing synchrotron X-ray microscopy including x-ray fluorescence and x-ray absorption spectra to probe elemental distribution and elemental speciation within a material, and particularly a solid that may have one or more elements distributed on a solid substrate. Representative materials are relatively homogeneous in composition on the macroscale but relatively heterogeneous on the microscale. The analysis of such materials, particularly on a macroscale at which their heterogeneous nature can be observed, provides valuable insights into the relationships or correlations between localized concentrations of elements and/or their species, and concentrations of other components of the materials. Sample preparation methods, involving the use of a reinforcing agent, which are advantageously used in such methods are also disclosed.

Disclosed are methods for designing oligonucleotides that can detect/identify any unknown or known virus of a particular taxon. Also provided are methods to establish, implement and validate bioinformatics tools and databases to support microarray design. The invention also provides specialized arrays for detection and speciation of select viral agents and viruses as well as a set of oligonucleotides that can detect/identify any unknown or known virus of a particular taxon.

The invention discloses a sampling device for particle mercury and gaseous mercury from a stationary pollution source and a sampling method. The device comprises a sampling nozzle, a sampling gun, a cyclone separator, an ash hopper, a fine particle filter, a gaseous mercury sampling pipe, refrigerators, dryers, flow controllers, activated carbon mercury removers, vacuum pumps and cumulative volume meters, which are connected in sequence, wherein the sampling gun is arranged in a heating sleeve; the cyclone separator, the fine particle filter and an activated carbon adsorption pipe are arranged in an incubator. The invention also discloses the sampling method of the device. The sampling device and the sampling method, disclosed by the invention, have the following advantages: firstly, a particle mercury sample and a gaseous mercury sample are simultaneously collected; secondly, a sampling process is insulated, so that mercury loss and mercury speciation transformation are prevented, and further sampling representativeness is improved; thirdly, by two-stage dust removal of the cyclone separator and the fine particle filter, the sampling representativeness in a high dust-containing environment is guaranteed; fourthly, isokinetic sampling is guaranteed by the volume flow controllers; fifthly, by the postposed activated carbon mercury removers, residual mercury is prevented from being exhausted into atmosphere.

The invention pertains to a method for reducing the leaching of heavy metals from air particulate emissions. The method includes contacting the heavy metal particulate with a water and complexing agent which converts the molecular form of the particulate to a less soluble and less bioavailable form prior to collection and release to the environment. This method eliminates the need to remove or treat soils and environments exposed to particulate deposition and greatly reduces the environmental and health risks associated with the deposition of heavy metal particulate in the open environment as well as at controlled discharge areas.

The invention relates to a pinellia ternate tissue culture one-step speciation method. Pinellia ternate tissue culture seedlings, that are obtained from a one-step seedling and can be treated with hardening and transplanting, are injected with liquid medium without switch, and cultured sequentially at 25+- 2 DEG C, with a photoperiodicity of 12h/d and an illumination intensity of 1000-1500Lx. Pinellia ternates complete one growth period in a culture bottle, and are washed out from the medium to be transplanted. The invention is characterized in that the method simplifies hardening seedling steps, avoids problem of transplanting survival rate, and lowers the possibility of re-infection of virus in pinellia ternate first generation production. In addition, the method combines all merits of the one-step speciation method, so that pinellia ternate plants have good inductivity, differentiation rate, and number of tubers differentiated from each explant.

The invention relates to a method for calculating water content in insulating paper based on insulating oil aging compensation. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, sampling and detecting transformer oil so as to obtain water content of the transformer oil; secondly, calculating actual steam pressure P in air according to the water content obtained in the step 2; thirdly, performing aging treatment on the transformer oil, and calculating an aging coefficient as shown in the speciation via comparison of the water contents of new transformer oil and old transformer oil; finally, according to a Norris oil-paper moisture balance curve, calculating water content C in the insulating paper. The influence of insulating aging is taken into account, equations for calculating water content of the paper according to the water content in oil are provided, and a relatively accurate and convenient way is provided for application of the water balance relationship of oil and paper.

The present invention provides methods and compositions that can be applied to screening protein-protein interaction networks, screening drug candidates that modulate protein-protein interactions for on- and off-target effects, detecting extracellular targets for which no native S. cerevisiae receptor exists, and re-engineering yeast agglutination in order to answer biological questions about yeast speciation and ecological dynamics

The invention relates to an instrument coupled speciation measuring method of a gaseous arsenic compound, solving the problems of sensitive, fast and accurate analysis and measurement of the gaseousarsenic compound. The method is carried out on a gaseous arsenic compound analyzing and measuring on-line coupled system comprising a standard generation or sample collection device, a low-temperaturetrapping device, a vacuum heat-insulation separating tank, a gas-carried pipeline, a hydrogen generation device, an atomic fluorescence spectrometer and a signal recording device and comprises the following steps: a, generating an arsenic compound or collecting samples; b, trapping and separating the gaseous arsenic compound; c, separating the gaseous arsenic compound; and d, detecting the gaseous arsenic compound. The invention has the advantages of ideal separating effect on the gaseous arsenic compound, good reproducibility, high sensitivity, good linear independence of the gaseous arseniccompounds with different concentrations, wide linear range, good stability, low cost, simple operation and low analysis cost.

The invention relates to a device for measuring the intensity of a luminescence radiation emitted by at least one chemical species probed, along a trajectory by an excitation radiation. The device comprises n measurement channels, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, each measurement channel being used to measure a fraction of the intensity of the luminescence radiation emitted along the trajectory. The invention is also applicable to analytical chemistry to make speciation measurements.

A fluorescent dye or fluorophore capable of forming complexes with mercury comprises 6,8-difluoro-7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate amide, wherein the amide is formed by reacting the succinimidyl ester (Pacific Blue™) with an amino acid containing a thiol group, such as cysteine or glutathione. Mercury complexes of the fluorophore fluoresce when excited by a UV or violet laser diode, and the detected intensity can be calibrated to quantify the concentration of mercury in a sample reacted with the fluorophore.

The invention discloses a quick determination method of speciation mercury in liquefied natural gases. The quick determination method includes steps of solution preparation, sample pretreatment, HPLC-ICP-MS instrument condition and result determination, result calculation, etc. The quick determination method of speciation mercury in liquefied natural gases is convenient, quick and accurate.

A method and system are disclosed for controlling plating bath compositions. Speciation analyzers including HPLC and mass spectrometry are employed to separate, detect, identify, and quantify additives and degradation products. A control unit is linked to a plating bath interface, analyzer interface, and valves to control the flow of plating bath to an analyzer sampler and back to plating bath. For each degradation product, a response output is determined for at least one performance factor in terms of an additive equivalent amount that produces the same effect. A data processing unit receives concentration data for additives and degradation products from speciation analyzers and calculates an amount of each additive needed to replenish a used bath. As a result, the bleed-and-feed ratio for maintaining plating baths can be substantially reduced with significant productivity improvement and cost savings in terms of chemicals, chemical disposal, less down time and improved product quality.

The invention provides an electrochemical pre-reduction method for mercury speciation analysis by HPLC-AFS (high performance liquid chromatography and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy). The method includes the steps of 1, introducing a mercury-containing sample into a high performance liquid chromatographic column, and separating different forms of mercury according to different retention times; 2, delivering the separated mercury into a cathode chamber of an electrochemical flow cell by a peristaltic pump, and reducing the mercury into mercury vapor by electrolysis; 3, subjecting the mercury vapor to gas-liquid separation in a gas-liquid separator, and carrying an atomizer of an atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer by carrier argon to allow quantitative analysis of the different forms of mercury. Compared with the prior HPLC-UV-CV-AFS technique, the HPLC-EcVG-AFS has especially significant advantages in terms of sensitivity and detection limit, the detection limit for organic forms of mercury is about 1 lower than that of the HPLC-UV-CV-AFS technique, and a relative standard deviation is less than 5%; meanwhile, the method needs no reducing agents such as potassium borohydride, and dependence on reagent purity and stability is gotten rid of.

Methods are described which comprise: providing a plasma etching apparatus having an etching chamber; disposing a substrate to be etched in the chamber; introducing N₂ gas and one or more process gases into the chamber; and etching the substrate, wherein the introduction of the N₂ gas is stopped prior to etching, and wherein etching comprises an initial plasma ignition wherein at least a portion of the N₂ gas remains present in the chamber during initial plasma ignition. Additional methods are described which comprise: providing a plasma etching apparatus having an etching chamber; disposing a substrate to be etched in the chamber; introducing N₂ gas and one or more process gases into the chamber; applying power to an electrode in the chamber such that an N₂ memory species is formed; and etching the substrate, where the introduction of the N₂ gas into the chamber can be stopped prior to etching. Other methods are also described which comprise: providing a plasma etching apparatus having an etching chamber; disposing a substrate to be etched in the chamber; introducing N₂ gas into the chamber; applying power to an electrode in the chamber such that an N₂ memory species is formed; removing the applied power from the electrode in the chamber; stopping the introduction of the N₂ gas into the chamber and introducing one or more process gases into the chamber; and etching the substrate.

An adaptation of the real-time PCR assay allows for highly sensitive detection of any eubacterial species with simultaneous speciation. The assay relies on a ‘multiprobe’ design in which a single set of highly conserved sequences encoded by the 16S rRNA gene serves as the primer pair, and it is used in combination with both an internal highly conserved sequence, the universal probe, and an internal variable region, the species-specific probe. A pre-PCR ultrafiltration step can be used to effectively decontaminate or remove background DNA. The real-time system reliably identifies 14 common bacterial species with a detection limit of 50 fg.

The invention discloses a mercury speciation analysis and pyrolysis device with adjustable and controllable temperature and flow rate, and the device comprises a push rod sampling boat, a pyrolysis chamber, an analysis cell and an exhaust gas treatment system, which are connected in turn to form an overall analysis and pyrolysis device; the pyrolysis chamber and the analysis cell are connected with a temperature control system; and a carrier gas flow rate control system used to extract the products decomposed by the sample in the push rod sampling boat and make the products flow through the analysis cell to the exhaust gas treatment system is set between the analysis cell and the exhaust gas treatment system. The pyrolysis chamber provided by the invention has a plurality of different regions, and at the same time, the regions are temperature-controlled by the temperature control system to realize analysis of various different forms of mercury. And the carrier gas flow rate control system and exhaust gas treatment system are provided to control and process the analyzed flow rate of the exhaust gas to avoid potential safety hazards.

The invention relates to an integrated speciation and aggregate analysis atomic fluorescence sample feeding and pre-treating system comprising a multi-way valve A, a multi-way valve B and a multi-way valve C which are connected with one another. Two ports of the multi-way valve A are connected with a speciation analysis mobile phase inlet and a speciation analysis pre-treating system respectively, the multi-way valve B is connected with a sample feeding port, three ports of the multi-way port C are connected with a reductant inlet, the speciation analysis pre-treating system and a three-way joint B respectively, the three-way joint B is connected with a flow carrying inlet, the speciation analysis pre-treating system is connected with a speciation analysis pre-treating reagent inlet, and element aggregate analysis or element speciation analysis is performed by rotating the multi-way valve A, the multi-way valve B and the multi-way valve C for selection. One sample feeding and pre-treating system can be shared during element aggregate or speciation analysis, so that size and production cost of LC-HG-AFS equipment are reduced.