31 results about "Large area detector" patented technology

A solid state photodetector is disclosed comprising a multiplicity of photodetector elements, each element using clamped Geiger mode gain to achieve high sensitivity and high speed. The elements are connected together using a common anode to sum their outputs, allowing operation with gray-scale response over a large total photosensitive area. In the preferred embodiment, high speed performance is achieved by isolating each element from the bias supply by means of an integrated series resistor.

A Si-based diode (10, 10′, 100) is formed by epitaxially depositing a Si-based diode structure on a silicon substrate. The Si-based diode structure includes a Si-based pn junction (16, 16′, 18, 18′, 30, 32, 160, 161) having a backward diode current-voltage characteristic in which the forward tunneling current is substantially smaller than the backward tunneling current at comparable voltage levels. In some embodiments, the Si-based pn junction includes at least one non-silicon or silicon alloy layer such as at least one SiGe layer (16, 16′, 160, 161). In some embodiments, at least one delta doping (30, 32) is disposed on the silicon substrate in or near the pn junction, that together with the Si-based pn junction define an electrical junction having the backward diode current-voltage characteristic. A large area detector array may include a plurality of such Si-based diodes (10, 10′, 100).

An imaging system including an integral computed tomography and interventional (CT / I) system that includes a large-area detector configured to acquire projection data corresponding to a field of view of the system from one or more view angles is presented. The system includes a computing device operatively coupled to the CT / I system and configured to process the acquired projection data to generate a 2D projection image in real-time, a 3D cross-sectional image of a region of interest in the subject, a combined image using the 2D projection image and the 3D cross-sectional image and / or control selective generation of the 2D projection image, the 3D cross-sectional image and / or the combined image based on one or more imaging specifications. The system also includes a display operatively coupled to the computing device and configured to display the 2D projection image, the 3D cross-sectional image and / or the combined image based on the imaging specifications.

In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, containers, such as, for example, those used in transportation and shipping, can be inspected by using a CT X-ray scanning system with a large area detector plate. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention the detector plate can directly convert X-rays transmitted through the container into visible light, thus forming light patterns on the outer surface of the plates. The plates can then be analyzed using, for example, CCD or ICCD cameras and a data processor so as to form real-time 2D and / or 3D images of objects in the container. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention each such plate can comprise a coating of X-ray converting material such as, for example, a phosphor on a metallic plate. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention an exemplary scanning system can, for example, rotate a rotor having an X-ray source on one side of an axis of rotation, and a detector including such detector plates on the other side of the axis. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention a container can be moved, through an opening in the rotor and support structure in synchronization with the rotor, such as, for example, by transporting the container on rails.

An efficient, large-area-detector and readout-system for combined sub-mm spatial imaging and time-of-flight spectrometry of fast and slow neutrons, as well as gamma-rays, capable of loss-free operation in mixed neutron-gamma fields of very high intensity.

Embodiments pertain to a method and apparatus for detection of radiation. Embodiments relate to the detection of fast and / or thermal neutrons. Embodiments are directed to detection of neutrons in high backgrounds of gamma rays. Embodiments can have high sensitivity and / or high gamma discrimination. Embodiments can include a given single material that can detect fast neutrons and simultaneously detect gamma rays with moderate energy resolution. Embodiments pertain to liquid, viscous liquid, gel, and / or solid scintillating materials. Embodiments relate to a scintillating matrix, such as a liquid, having a highly polar matrix, such as a liquid solvent, dissolved dyes, and a high concentration of a dissolved organo metallic compound. The use of a single material for a large area detector of fast neutrons and gamma rays can provide material and cost benefits.

In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, containers, such as, for example, those used in transportation and shipping, can be inspected by using a CT X-ray scanning system with a large area detector plate. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention the detector plate can directly convert X-rays transmitted through the container into visible light, thus forming light patterns on the outer surface of the plates. The plates can then be analyzed using, for example, CCD or ICCD cameras and a data processor so as to form real-time 2D and / or 3D images of objects in the container. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention each such plate can comprise a coating of X-ray converting material such as, for example, a phosphor on a metallic plate. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention an exemplary scanning system can, for example, rotate a rotor having an X-ray source on one side of an axis of rotation, and a detector including such detector plates on the other side of the axis. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention a container can be moved, through an opening in the rotor and support structure in synchronization with the rotor, such as, for example, by transporting the container on rails.

A Si-based diode (10, 10′, 100) is formed by epitaxially depositing a Si-based diode structure on a silicon substrate. The Si-based diode structure includes a Si-based pn junction (16, 16′, 18, 18′, 30, 32, 160, 161) having a backward diode current-voltage characteristic in which the forward tunneling current is substantially smaller than the backward tunneling current at comparable voltage levels. In some embodiments, the Si-based pn junction includes at least one non-silicon or silicon alloy layer such as at least one SiGe layer (16, 16′, 160, 161). In some embodiments, at least one delta doping (30, 32) is disposed on the silicon substrate in or near the pn junction, that together with the Si-based pn junction define an electrical junction having the backward diode current-voltage characteristic. A large area detector array may include a plurality of such Si-based diodes (10, 10′, 100).

Various approaches are discussed for using four-side buttable CMOS tiles to fabricate detector panels, including large-area detector panels. Fabrication may utilize pads and interconnect structures formed on the top or bottom of the CMOS tiles. Electrical connection and readout may utilize readout and digitization circuitry provided on the CMOS tiles themselves such that readout of groups or sub-arrays of pixels occurs at the tile level, while tiles are then readout at the detector level such that readout operations are tiered or multi-level.

The invention discloses a large-area detector system based on a micro-channel plate, which is used for enlarging the area of a detector by designing the micro-channel plate, so as to shorten the outline recovery time of a pulsar and improve the sensitivity of the detector. A micro-channel plate component, a scintillator detector, a collection and control module and high-voltage modules are arranged in a housing; tantalum pieces are mounted on four side walls of the housing; a sealing door and an open mechanism thereof are arranged on the housing; the micro-channel plate component comprises an input window, a collimator, a first high-voltage electrode, a second high-voltage electrode, a photocathode, an MCP group, a third high-voltage electrode, a charge collection anode and a high-voltage ground plane which are arranged from the top to the bottom in sequence; the scintillator detector is arranged below the charge collection anode; the collection and control module is used for conducting anti-coincidence judgment on received electric signals, and sending photon arrival time of signals subjected to anti-coincidence judgment to a satellite platform for processing; the high-voltage modules are used for providing a high-voltage power supply for the micro-channel plate component and the scintillator detector.

A beta radiation monitor (70,90), comprising a gas flow proportional detector (60) for detecting beta radiation emitted by a beta emitter external to the detector; a fill gas supply (51) configured to supply a fill gas to the detector, wherein the fill gas comprises nitrogen; a temperature sensor (72) for measuring temperature; and a controller (64) in communication with the temperature sensor for adjusting an operational parameter of the monitor in accordance with the measured temperature. The operational parameter may comprise a voltage applied across the fill gas, which may be thermistor controlled, or a beta radiation detection threshold of the detector. The fill gas is supplied by a nitrogen generator. The gas flow proportional detector may be a large-area detector.

A large area position-sensitive single-photon detector and radiation detector is described. Photon detectors are coupled to a large area panel configured with an equipotential feedthrough chamber that operates in combination with a photocathode of a hemispherical window to provide electrostatic focusing for the photoelectrons. The panels can be assembled into an enveloping structure, such as a PET scanner, which is globally and / or locally curved, such as into a sphere, ovoid, elongated cylinder, or similar structure providing significant sensitive surface surrounding an object, such as a patient being scanned in a medical positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. Increased sensitivity is provided in response to registering radiation by surrounding the patient, so that reduced patient radiation dosing levels are required.

An efficient, large-area-detector and readout-system for combined sub-mm spatial imaging and time-of-flight spectrometry of fast and slow neutrons, as well as gamma-rays, capable of loss-free operation in mixed neutron-gamma fields of very high intensity.

A beta radiation monitor (70,90), comprising a gas flow proportional detector (60) for detecting beta radiation emitted by a beta emitter external to the detector; a fill gas supply (51) configured to supply a fill gas to the detector, wherein the fill gas comprises nitrogen; a temperature sensor (72) for measuring temperature; and a controller (64) in communication with the temperature sensor for adjusting an operational parameter of the monitor in accordance with the measured temperature. The operational parameter may comprise a voltage applied across the fill gas, which may be thermistor controlled, or a beta radiation detection threshold of the detector. The fill gas is supplied by a nitrogen generator. The gas flow proportional detector may be a large-area detector.

Embodiments pertain to a method and apparatus for detection of radiation. Embodiments relate to the detection of fast and / or thermal neutrons. Embodiments are directed to detection of neutrons in high backgrounds of gamma rays. Embodiments can have high sensitivity and / or high gamma discrimination. Embodiments can include a given single material that can detect fast neutrons and simultaneously detect gamma rays with moderate energy resolution. Embodiments pertain to liquid, viscous liquid, gel, and / or solid scintillating materials. Embodiments relate to a scintillating matrix, such as a liquid, having a highly polar matrix, such as a liquid solvent, dissolved dyes, and a high concentration of a dissolved organo metallic compound. The use of a single material for a large area detector of fast neutrons and gamma rays can provide material and cost benefits.

Various approaches are discussed for using four-side buttable CMOS tiles to fabricate detector panels, including large-area detector panels. Fabrication may utilize pads and interconnect structures formed on the top or bottom of the CMOS tiles. Electrical connection and readout may utilize readout and digitization circuitry provided on the CMOS tiles themselves such that readout of groups or sub-arrays of pixels occurs at the tile level, while tiles are then readout at the detector level such that readout operations are tiered or multi-level.

A medical imaging tool is described, capable of providing in real time 2-D images of the prompt gamma fields released during patient treatment. Owing to its millimetre position accuracy, the instrument is particularly suited for applications where a precise determination of the end-of-range (Bragg peak) of the beam is of paramount importance, as in cancerous and non-cancerous targets for treatment with ion beams and for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. With its unique dual-layer conception in coincidence, the instrument has high rejection ability against false neutron-generated counts, the principal source of background noise for in-beam dose monitoring. It can also provide a coarse measurement of the gamma incidence angle, permitting a correction of the parallax error, main source of dispersion for large area detectors employing collimators.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a gold-palladium electrode of a polycrystalline mercury iodide detector. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: a) growing a polycrystalline mercury iodide thick film; b) treating the surface of the polycrystalline mercury iodide thick film; c) preparing an electrode material; and d) thermally evaporating and preparing the electrode. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simpleness in technology and easiness in operation, a pattern of an electrode mask plate is variable and the electrode of the detector can be extensively prepared. The polycrystalline mercury iodide detector prepared according to the preparation method for the electrode provided by the invention has the advantages of small leak current, high detecting efficiency, obvious X-ray pixel, and the like.

A large area position-sensitive single-photon detector and radiation detector is described. Photon detectors are coupled to a large area panel configured with an equipotential feedthrough chamber that operates in combination with a photocathode of a hemispherical window to provide electrostatic focusing for the photoelectrons. The panels can be assembled into an enveloping structure, such as a PET scanner, which is globally and / or locally curved, such as into a sphere, ovoid, elongated cylinder, or similar structure providing significant sensitive surface surrounding an object, such as a patient being scanned in a medical positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. Increased sensitivity is provided in response to registering radiation by surrounding the patient, so that reduced patient radiation dosing levels are required.

The invention relates to a cone beam CT system with multiple detectors. The cone beam CT system comprises a scanning frame, an X-ray generator, a bearing mechanism, a controller, a CT reconstruction module, a plurality of plane-array detectors and a detector switching device. The detector switching device carries out switching as required to select one of the multiple plane-array detectors, namely only one detector is used in each scanning; the multiple plane-array detectors comprise a large-area detector and a high-resolution detector; when large-visual-field imaging is needed, the large-area detector can be selected; when high-resolution imaging is needed, the small-pixel high-resolution detector can be selected. Large-visual-field imaging and high-resolution imaging can be integrated in one cone beam CT system, and the resolution is higher than that of a conventional solution.

The invention provides a microwave-based intelligent traffic behavior perception method and system. The intelligent traffic behavior perception method includes: a traffic parameter setting step, a road traffic background learning step, a road background noise suppression step, a calculation step, a coordinate system establishment step, The vehicle type classification step, the tracking processing step, and the triggering alarm step. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention proposes a microwave (millimeter wave)-based system that can operate around the clock, has high precision, high reliability, large-area detection, high economic benefit and cost ratio, easy installation, and multi-dimensional A method and system for comprehensive traffic behavior analysis of various vehicles in the detection area. At the same time, background noise suppression is performed through a two-dimensional radar image method for some road barriers such as isolation belts or metal railings that will affect radar performance.

The invention discloses a large-area detector system based on a micro-channel plate, which is used for enlarging the area of a detector by designing the micro-channel plate, so as to shorten the outline recovery time of a pulsar and improve the sensitivity of the detector. A micro-channel plate component, a scintillator detector, a collection and control module and high-voltage modules are arranged in a housing; tantalum pieces are mounted on four side walls of the housing; a sealing door and an open mechanism thereof are arranged on the housing; the micro-channel plate component comprises an input window, a collimator, a first high-voltage electrode, a second high-voltage electrode, a photocathode, an MCP group, a third high-voltage electrode, a charge collection anode and a high-voltage ground plane which are arranged from the top to the bottom in sequence; the scintillator detector is arranged below the charge collection anode; the collection and control module is used for conducting anti-coincidence judgment on received electric signals, and sending photon arrival time of signals subjected to anti-coincidence judgment to a satellite platform for processing; the high-voltage modules are used for providing a high-voltage power supply for the micro-channel plate component and the scintillator detector.

A medical imaging tool is described, capable of providing in real time 2-D images of the prompt gamma fields released during patient treatment. Owing to its millimetre position accuracy, the instrument is particularly suited for applications where a precise determination of the end-of-range (Bragg peak) of the beam is of paramount importance, as in cancerous and non-cancerous targets for treatment with ion beams and for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. With its unique dual-layer conception in coincidence, the instrument has high rejection ability against false neutron-generated counts, the principal source of background noise for in-beam dose monitoring. It can also provide a coarse measurement of the gamma incidence angle, permitting a correction of the parallax error, main source of dispersion for large area detectors employing collimators.

The invention discloses a large-area beta detector with a multi-region window and a manufacturing method. The large-area beta detector comprises a protective net cover, a protective layer, a reflective layer, a light guide cavity, a ray conversion layer and a photomultiplier. The ray conversion layer comprises a plurality of regions, a scintillator is arranged in each region, the scintillators indifferent regions have different luminescence decay time constants, and the plurality of regions are sequentially arranged according to the luminous decay time of the scintillators. According to the invention, the scintillators with different light-emitting decay time are used for manufacturing the ray conversion layer, rays are converted into visible light, the visible light is gathered to the photomultiplier through the light guide cavity, photoelectric conversion is carried out, current pulses with different widths are generated, voltage signals with different rise time are formed on a subsequent measurement circuit, and a beta event measured at a corresponding position on the detector is analyzed through a time measurement circuit.

Various approaches are discussed for using four-side buttable CMOS tiles to fabricate detector panels, including large-area detector panels. Fabrication may utilize pads and interconnect structures formed on the top or bottom of the CMOS tiles. Electrical connection and readout may utilize readout and digitization circuitry provided on the CMOS tiles themselves such that readout of groups or sub-arrays of pixels occurs at the tile level, while tiles are then readout at the detector level such that readout operations are tiered or multi-level.

A densely-arranged neutron detector applied to a vacuum environment mainly comprises a detector module and a supporting platform, and the detector module is composed of 16 3He pipe assemblies, a closed cavity, detector electronics installed in the closed cavity and the like. The detector supporting platform is used for installing the detector modules in an array mode to form a large-area detector plane. The large-area detection surface is formed by densely arranging more than three groups of detector modules, the independent detector modules can be quickly disassembled, assembled and maintained, the repeated positioning precision of the modules is high, the disassembly, assembly and maintenance operations are simple and convenient, and the maintenance period is greatly shortened.