267 results about "Klystron" patented technology

Multi-energy radiation sources comprising charged particle accelerators driven by power generators providing different RF powers to the accelerator, capable of interlaced operation, are disclosed. Automatic frequency control techniques are provided to match the frequency of RF power provided to the accelerator with the accelerator resonance frequency. In one example where the power generator is a mechanically tunable magnetron, an automatic frequency controller is provided to match the frequency of RF power pulses at one power to the accelerator resonance frequency when those RF power pulses are provided, and the magnetron is operated such that frequency shift in the magnetron at the other power at least partially matches the resonance frequency shift in the accelerator when those RF power pulses are provided. In other examples, when the power generator is a klystron or electrically tunable magnetron, separate automatic frequency controllers are provided for each RF power pulse. Methods and systems are disclosed.

The invention discloses a distribution terahertz oscillator, which relates to technique of THz (terahertz) electromagnetic wave sources and comprises an electron gun, an interaction region and a collector. The interaction region consists of a periodic slow wave structured modulation resonant cavity and an energy extraction cavity, and the modulation resonant cavity is in a periodic slow wave structure which can be operated in a backward wave mode or a forward wave mode to be interacted with electron beams in a distributive manner, so that the electron beams can be modulated in terms of speed and density. The distribution terahertz oscillator integrates advantages of a backward wave tube and a distribution klystron, and has the advantage of suitableness for generating THz electromagnetic waves.

An X-band high gain and high efficiency triaxial relativistic klystron amplifier comprises a cathode holder 301, a cathode 302, an anode outer cylinder 303, an inner conductor 304, a modulation cavity305, a first reflection cavity 306, a first cluster cavity 307, a second reflection cavity 308, a second cluster cavity 309, a third reflection cavity 310, an extraction cavity 311, a cone waveguide312, a feedback loop 313, an electron collector 314, a support rod 315, a microwave output port 316, a solenoid magnetic field 317, and an injection waveguide 318, wherein the overall structure is rotationally symmetric about the central axis OZ axis. The amplifier, by rationally designing the electromagnetic structure of the device, overcomes the shortages such as complex structure, and relatively low gain (about 40 dB), efficiency (less than 30%) and output microwave power (about 1 GW) of axial injection or lateral dual-port injection in the existing X-band triaxial relativistic klystron amplifier, and realizes the high-gain, high-efficiency, and high-power microwave output of the triaxial relativistic klystron amplifier in the X-band.

An RF device comprising a plurality of drift tubes, each drift tube having a plurality of gaps defining resonant cavities, is immersed in an axial magnetic field. RF energy is introduced at an input RF port at one of these resonant cavities and collected at an output RF port at a different RF cavity. A plurality of electron beams passes through these drift tubes, and each electron beam has an individual magnetic shaping applied which enables confined beam transport through the drift tubes.

A multibeam electron tube with several approximately parallel electron beams passing through a body. Among the beams, at least some define an interbeam volume, each beam defining the interbeam volume being subjected to a perturbing azimuthal magnetic field induced by all the other beams. The tube includes an element allowing, in at least one conducting element located in the interbeam volume, flow of a reverse current in the opposite direction to that of the current of the beams, this reverse current generating, in the beams defining the interbeam space, a magnetic correction field whose purpose is to oppose the perturbing magnetic field. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention especially apply to the multibeam klystrons or traveling wave tubes.

The invention provides an S-waveband 12.1% bandwidth klystron which comprises an electron gun assembly, a cluster segment assembly and an output segment assembly. The electron gun assembly is used for emitting an electron beam which moves forwards along a drift channel under the constraint of a magnetic field; the cluster segment assembly modulates the speed and density of the electron beam emitted by the electron gun assembly to generate a high-frequency electron beam; and the output segment assembly makes beam-wave interaction with the high-frequency electron beam provided by the cluster segment assembly, wherein energy of the electron beam is converted into microwaves in an output cavity, and the microwaves are output. The S-waveband 12.1% bandwidth klystron has unique advantages in the aspects of improving the bandwidth and power.

The invention relates to the field of preparing metal powder, and discloses metal nickel powder and a preparation method thereof. The high-purity nickel powder is prepared by a nickel oxalate pyrolysis reduction method which comprises the following steps of: firstly, dissolving a pretreated nickel plate in nitric acid to prepare nickel salt solution; secondly, adding oxalic acid solution into thenickel salt solution to obtain a nickel oxalate deposit; thirdly, washing and drying the nickel oxalate deposit, and then putting the nickel oxalate deposit into a reduction furnace; and finally, reducing the nickel oxalate deposit under the regulation and control of a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain the high-purity nickel powder. The high-purity nickel powder prepared by the method has the characteristics of uniform particles, high apparent density, stable quality and the like, is suitable for serving as an electric vacuum material and a metal ceramic material, and is particularly suitable forserving as a material for preparing a klystron or a radar thyratron of a speed electron-positron collider.

The invention discloses an X wave band over-mode relativistic klystron amplifier, which comprises an annular cathode, a resonant reflector, an input cavity, a first section of drift tube, a wave absorbing material, a buncher cavity, a second section of drift tube, an output cavity and a magnetic field coil, wherein the annular cathode is arranged at the most significant end of the structure and emits annular relativistic electron beams outwards under the action of high voltage pulse, the resonant reflector, the input cavity, the first section of drift tube, the wave absorbing material, the buncher cavity, the second section of drift tube and the output cavity are sequentially arranged at rear of the annular cathode, the magnetic field coil is installed at the periphery of the whole structure, the working mode of the resonant reflector, the input cavity, the buncher cavity and the output cavity is a TM02 mode, and the first section of drift tube and the second section of drift tube can transmit a TM01 mode. The X wave band over-mode relativistic klystron amplifier can produce high power X wave band microwave.

Multi-energy radiation sources comprising charged particle accelerators driven by power generators providing different RF powers to the accelerator, capable of interlaced operation, are disclosed. Automatic frequency control techniques are provided to match the frequency of RF power provided to the accelerator with the accelerator resonance frequency. In one example where the power generator is a mechanically tunable magnetron, an automatic frequency controller is provided to match the frequency of RF power pulses at one power to the accelerator resonance frequency when those RF power pulses are provided, and the magnetron is operated such that frequency shift in the magnetron at the other power at least partially matches the resonance frequency shift in the accelerator when those RF power pulses are provided. In other examples, when the power generator is a klystron or electrically tunable magnetron, separate automatic frequency controllers are provided for each RF power pulse. Methods and systems are disclosed.

A multi-beam klystron apparatus is disclosed. A radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece is arranged between a main magnetic field generator and an output-side magnetic field generator. The magnetic circuit formed in the neighborhood of an output cavity of a radio-frequency interaction unit is separated from the magnetic circuit of the main magnetic field generator by the radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece. The output-side magnetic field generator increases the axial magnetic flux density in the neighborhood of the output cavity without curving the electron beams and thus prevents the spread of the electron beams in the neighborhood of the output cavity.

The invention relates to a multi-channel high-power klystron overcurrent real-time protection device with online self-checking function. The device comprises a klystron, a filament is arranged in the klystron, the two ends of the filament are connected to a filament transformer through a wire, the filament transformer is connected with a filament power supply through a wire, wires are respectively led out from the collector connecting terminal and the tube body connecting terminal of the klystron, the wire led out form the tube body connecting terminal is grounded after penetrating a hall sensor I , and the wire led out form the collector connecting terminal is grounded after penetrating a hall sensor II; one end of the filament is connected to the HVPS cathode through a current limiting resistor, the HVPS anode is grounded, and the output terminal is connected with a tommy bar through a wire; wires are respectively led out from the hall sensor I and the hall sensor II are connected to the respectively corresponding output terminals of the overcurrent protection circuit, and the signals of the hall sensors are input to the overcurrent protection circuit through wires. The invention works well in the 2.45G high-power low-hybrid wave system, can fully realize all the functions and has greatly enhanced reliability and stability at the same time.

The invention discloses an online long-pulse high-power directional coupler performance testing device and method. The online long-pulse high-power directional coupler performance testing device comprises a high-power klystron system and a vector network analyzer, the output end of the vector network analyzer is connected with a micro-wave amplifier through a micro-wave switch, the output end of the micro-wave amplifier is connect with the high-power klystron system through a first direct current break device, the output end of the high-power klystron system is connected with a bi-directional coupler through a circulator, coupling output signals of the bi-directional coupler are accessed into the vector network analyzer through a micro-wave cable after passing an attenuator and the direct current break device, and the wave guide output of the bi-directional coupler is connected to a high-power water load. The online long-pulse high-power directional coupler performance testing device uses the network analyzer as a testing apparatus and uses the output signals (about 10 mW) of the network analyzer as an oscillation source of the klystron, through testing under different klystron output power and recording S21 parameters obtained by the vector network analyzer under a long-pulse (more than 1000 s) stable running condition, the global performance of the directional coupler is obtained.

A multibeam, electrostatically focused klystron includes a plurality of conductive members, ones of which are recessed to provide input and output sections of microwave cavities, wherein focusing voltage is applied between those sections. The conductive members are either spaced along the path of multiple beams, or stacked in insulated relation, in either case being supported by glass rods within a glass envelope.

This invention discloses one TOKMAK discharging clutter power mode control method, which controls low clutter front degree of power through computer to control klystron output to realize needed microwave power mode. The incidence power and reflection power microwave signal and plasma current signal Ip and transducer flux consumption signals Def control the output level of Do according to needs of control modes to control DC blocking drive circuit and to control each sub circuit PIN switch to realize clutter power output in different modes.

The invention discloses a frequency-multiplier klystron and a manufacture method thereof, relating to the technique of electron tubes. A microwave actuating signal with the frequency of f is used as an input signal; electron beams are in manual action with multiple resonant cavities of the conventional klystron in vacuum; ultraharmonics components in the Fourier spectrum of the electron beams are obviously increased after good cybotaxis is achieved; an output structure adopts the output structure of a wave band where frequency nf is positioned or utilizes the higher order mode of the conventional structure; the ultraharmonics components of the frequency nf, namely, the input frequency f and the output frequency nf, are derived from the electron beams in high cybotaxis so that the microwave small signal is amplified and the frequency is multiplied to nf from f strictly in integer multiples. The method of the invention is simple and easy to implement, and the manufactured frequency-multiplier klystron can keep comparative frequency multiplication grain, good spectrum purity, wider absolute frequency multiplication bandwidth and higher power capability.

A high average-power microwave window is provided whose thermal conductivity has been enhanced to enable it to transmit higher average RF power levels than conventional windows of the same size. Such a window is suitable for use with high-average power RF sources such as klystrons and magnetrons. The window comprises a ceramic substrate, typically a low-loss ceramic such as alumina or quartz, to which narrow strips of a high thermal conductivity material have been bonded. One such high thermal conductivity material is synthetic polycrystalline diamond, which can be bonded to the surface of a dielectric substrate using a high-temperature cement or can be directly deposited on the surface by a process such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD). High-purity alumina, a commonly-used material for high-power RF windows, has a thermal conductivity of 26.4 W / mx DEG C., while synthetic diamond has a thermal conductivity of 1000 W / mx DEG C., 2.6 times that of copper and 38 times that of alumina. The novel feature is the use of high thermal conductivity strips to increase the effective thermal conductivity of a microwave window by providing low-resistance paths by which heat can be extracted from the window, resulting in a significant increase in the window's power-handling capacity.

A klystron has a hollow beam electron gun that has a circular planar electron emitting surface. A hollow electron beam is directed from the electron gun through a plurality of drift tubes, resonant chambers and magnetic fields to a collector. The hollow electron beam does not experience significant radial movement and can operate at a lower beam voltage which reduces the required length of the RF interaction circuit and lowers the risks of RF arcing.

A microscale vacuum electronic device (10) provides for a mechanical modulation of cathode (12) position allowing improved high-frequency modulation of an electron beam (24) useful for vacuum electronic devices such as klystrons, klystrodes, and high frequency triodes.

The invention provides a band-shaped beam klystron multi-gap cavity output apparatus. The apparatus comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a coupling transition sheet and an output waveguide, wherein the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are buckled for coupling, and a multi-gap output cavity is formed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the coupling transition sheet has one end disposed in a bulge structure and the other end extending out of the bulge structure through a square hole formed at the side surface of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and the middle of the coupling transition sheet is provided with a transition hole whose one end is connected with the bulge structure; and the output waveguide is connected with the other end of the transition hole in the coupling transition sheet for outputting microwaves in the multi-gap output cavity to an external load. The apparatus provided by the invention improves the field coupling of interacting gaps and can adjust cavity frequency.

The invention provides a technical scheme of a dual-wave-band relativistic klystron amplifier. According to the technical scheme, a drift tube, an input cavity, a first intermediate cavity, a second intermediate cavity and an output cavity are provided. The input cavity is arranged on the side wall, close to a cathode, of the drift tube. The output cavity is arranged on the one, far away from the cathode, of the drift tube. The first intermediate cavity is arranged on the drift tube between the output cavity and the input cavity. The second intermediate cavity is arranged on the drift tube between the first intermediate cavity and the output cavity. According to the scheme, the multi-gap input cavity of a coaxial signal feed-in structure is employed, the two intermediate cavities which are respectively resonant with a low wave band and a high wave band are adopted, the output cavity adopts an output transition section adjustable in distance, so that the input cavity is enabled to work on two frequency points, a beam is highly modulated on required output microwave frequency points, and the output cavity is enabled to work on frequency points of output microwaves of the two wave bands.

A multi-beam electron gun provides a plurality N of cathode assemblies comprising a cathode, anode, and focus electrode, each cathode assembly having a local cathode axis and also a central cathode point defined by the intersection of the local cathode axis with the emitting surface of the cathode. Each cathode is arranged with its central point positioned in a plane orthogonal to a device central axis, with each cathode central point an equal distance from the device axis and with an included angle of 360 / N between each cathode central point. The local axis of each cathode has a cathode divergence angle with respect to the central axis which is set such that the diverging magnetic field from a solenoidal coil is less than 5 degrees with respect to the projection of the local cathode axis onto a cathode reference plane formed by the device axis and the central cathode point, and the local axis of each cathode is also set such that the angle formed between the cathode reference plane and the local cathode axis results in minimum spiraling in the path of the electron beams in a homogenous magnetic field region of the solenoidal field generator.

A terahertz sheet beam klystron (TSBK) includes an electron gun configured to generate a sheet electron beam and a drift tube through which the sheet beam is propagated. The drift tube is provided with multiple resonant cavities and includes a drift tube circuit including an input RF circuit through which an input RF signal is introduced and an output RF circuit through which an output RF signal is extracted, a collector, and a vacuum envelope. The output RF circuit is configured such that Qe (extraction Q) of the drift tube circuit is comparable to Q0 (unloaded Q) of the drift tube circuit, thereby improving the efficiency of the drift tube circuit.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and discloses a three-axis relativistic klystron amplifier capable of suppressing a non-rotational symmetric clutter mode. The amplifier comprises a cathode seat 201, a cathode 202, an anode outer cylinder 203, an inner conductor 204, an injection cavity 205, a first reflection cavity 206, a first clustering cavity 207, a second reflection cavity 208, a second clustering cavity 209, a third reflection cavity 210, an extraction cavity 211, a conical waveguide 212, a feedback ring 213, an electron beam collector 214, a support rod 215, a microwave output port 216, a solenoid magnetic field 217 and an injection waveguide 218. The whole structure is in rotational symmetry relative to the central axis. Through the reasonabledesign of an electromagnetic structure of the amplifier, the defects that a lateral dual-port injection structure in an existing three-axis relativistic klystron amplifier is complex, non-rotationalsymmetric mode self-excited oscillation is difficult to completely inhibit from a physical mechanism and the like are overcome, and the three-axis relativistic klystron amplifier has good frequency-locking and phase-locking characteristics; the amplifier has important reference significance for designing a similar klystron amplifier required by high-power microwave space coherent power synthesis.

The invention belongs to the field of high-performance terahertz radiation sources, and provides an extended interaction klystron and a production method thereof. The extended interaction klystron comprises an input resonant cavity, an output resonant cavity, and N intermediate resonant cavities. The input resonant cavity is communicated with an input waveguide. The output resonant cavity is communicated with an output waveguide. Electron beam channels communicated with one another are arranged at the centers of the input resonant cavity, the output resonant cavity and the N intermediate resonant cavities. The cycle lengths of the resonant clearances of the N intermediate resonant cavities are different or partially different. N is a positive integer greater than 1. The problem that the existing extended interaction klystron has a very narrow working band and high in-cavity power density is solved. An electron beam is tuned by different resonant frequencies when passing through the intermediate resonant cavities. Thus, the working bandwidth of the whole device is improved.

The invention discloses a lower hybrid wave power control system in a Tokamak experiment, which comprises 24 high-power klystrons. The output end of each high-power klystron is provided with a directional coupler. Incident power coupled by the directional coupler is sent to a detector after direct current (DC)-blocking through a DC-block and filtering through a filter, detection voltage coming out of the output end of the detector is sent to an amplifier, amplified voltage output by the amplifier is collected through an analog input module, processed through a power control lower computer, and output by an analog output module, and the output end of the analog output module is connected to a personal identification number (PIN) electrically controlled attenuator of a microwave preceding stage. By means of collection of the power control lower computer, PID algorithm and output of the analog input module, the lower hybrid wave power control system in the Tokamak experiment controls the PIN electrically controlled attenuator of the preceding stage and controls lower hybrid wave preceding stage power so that output power of the klystrons is controlled. Meanwhile, by means of collection of output power and status signals of the klystrons, working status of the system is judged, PID control is adjusted according to requirements so as to avoid output overshoot of the klystrons, ensure stability of the lower hybrid wave system, and meet requirements of the Tokamak physical experiment. The power control lower computer of the system adopts a cRIO system, and enables the control system to have accuracy and reliability of a field programmable gate array (FPAG) and flexibility of an ordinary industrial personal computer.

The invention provides a periodic permanent-magnet focusing system capable of regulating magnetic field and a klystron. The periodic permanent-magnet focusing system comprises an electromagnetic coil adjustment device and a periodic permanent-magnet focusing device, wherein the electromagnetic coil adjustment device comprises N coils and a support shell, the N coils are arranged in an accommodating cavity of the support shell, and an outer-side coil pole shoe of the electromagnetic coil adjustment device is fixedly connected with one end of the periodic permanent-magnet focusing device. The electromagnetic coil adjustment device is arranged on a transition region of the klystron, so that an incident angle of an electron beam is matched with a periodic permanent-magnet focusing magnetic field, and the defect that the magnetic field of a traditional permanent-magnet focusing system cannot be regulated or is not convenient to regulate is overcome; a current value of the coil can be independently adjusted, the magnetic field is more flexible in regulation, and the regulation accuracy is higher; the klystron is provided with the periodic permanent-magnet focusing system and is high in beam quality; and the electromagnetic coil adjustment device is further arranged at the rear end of the periodic permanent-magnet focusing device, the transmission state of the electron beam can be adjusted, and relatively high electron beam transmission passing rate can be acquired.

A solid state Klystron structure is fabricated by forming a source contact and a drain contact to both ends of a conducting wire and by forming a bias gate and a signal gate on the conducting wire. The conducting wire may be at least one carbon nanotube or at least one semiconductor wire with long ballistic mean free paths. By applying a signal at a frequency that corresponds to an integer multiple of the transit time of the ballistic carriers between adjacent fingers of the signal gate, the carriers are bunched within the conducting wire, thus amplifying the current through the solid state Klystron at a frequency of the signal to the signal gate, thus achieving a power gain.

The invention provides a device and a method for performing cold test on an intermediate resonant cavity of a small-size sheet beam klystron. According to the device, the two sides of an intermediate resonant cavity are provided with through holes communicated with the two sides of a resonant cavity body. The device comprises a tuning pin, a test output flange and a vector network analyzer. The narrow end of the tuning pin is inserted into the through hole on the first side of the intermediate resonant cavity to form a cavity wall of the intermediate resonant cavity, and the wide end of the tuning pin is connected with a stepper motor. The test output flange is fixed to the second side of the resonant cavity body, the first side of the test output flange is a rectangular step, is inserted into the second side of the resonant cavity body and is sunk to the bottom, the center of the test output flange is provided with a waveguide hole which has the same size with the cross section of the through hole on the second side of the intermediate resonant cavity, and a first side of the waveguide hole is aligned at the intermediate resonant cavity. A test port of the vector network analyzer is connected to the first side of the waveguide hole in the center of the test output flange. The cold test device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small size, low cost and light weight, can be used for testing the tuning characteristics of the intermediate resonant cavity, and has broad application prospects.