A paper currency transmitting and detecting device in the paper currency anti-forgery technology field includes: a guidance wheel set, a first money transmitting sliding plate, a first image sensor, a second money transmitting sliding plate, a second image sensor and a control module, wherein, the first money transmitting sliding plate is fixedly arranged at the front end of the second money transmitting sliding plate, the first image sensor is arranged below the first money transmitting sliding plate, the second image sensor is arranged above the second money transmitting sliding plate, the guidance wheel set is arranged between the first money transmitting sliding plate and the second money transmitting plate, and the control module is respectively connected with the guidance wheel set, the first image sensor and the second image sensor. The paper currency transmitting and detecting device controls twice anti-forgery detection by a controller program, and effectively leads the paper currency waiting to be detected to enter the detection area of the image sensors smoothly by the match of money transmitting sliding plates with specific shapes, thus ensuring image processing effect and reducing the generation of misjudgment.