The embodiment of the present invention relates to a high-energy safe rechargeable lithium-oxygen battery, including an anode and a cathode, wherein, the reactant of the cathode adopts metal lithium, the reactant of the anode adopts oxygen and water, a solid electrolyte membrane is provided between the anode and cathode, and a charge electrode is provided in the anode. The high-energy safe rechargeable lithium-oxygen battery implementing the embodiment of the present invention can resolve low energy density, poor safety and reliability, low cycle life and high cost problems of the traditional lithium ion power cell, all can solve the complicated storage and transport, high cost of barrier diaphragm and catalyst, and high expenditure problems of the hydrogen fuel battery. The high-energy safe rechargeable lithium-oxygen battery can be widely used in various large-capacity high-capacity movable devices and mechanical devices, such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycle cars, electric vehicles, electric boats, electric aircraft, satellite communications machines, rocket launchers and submarines communications power supplies and so on.