The invention discloses an Fe-V gradient material and a preparation method thereof. NaCl-KCl-NaF is used as a molten salt medium, V2O3 is used as a solute to configure a molten salt system; a steel plate is used as a cathode, and a metal V plate is used as an anode. The Fe-V gradient material can be obtained by DC pulse electrodeposition in a molten salt system. This method uses molten salt as the medium, and under the action of direct current, the Fe-V gradient material is prepared by one-step electrodeposition of V oxides; a smooth and smooth pure V layer can be obtained, and V is diffused in the low-carbon steel matrix. , Fe-V gradient materials containing pure V layers are actually obtained. The method adopts a molten salt system, the component raw materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, the cost is low, and the energy consumption is small; the production process is short, the operation is simple, the parameter control range is wide, and it is easy to realize. The method has the characteristics of fast gradient layer formation speed, short preparation time, freely controllable gradient layer thickness, compact material surface structure, simple process, etc., and the obtained gradient material has good thermal shock resistance and thermal fatigue resistance.