The invention relates to a sliding mode proportional-resonant control method based on a three-phase Vienna rectifier. The method comprises the steps that a three-phase rectifier circuit equation is derived according to a Kirchhoff's law and a topological structure of the three-phase Vienna rectifier; the voltages Uc1 and Uc2 of an upper capacitor and a lower capacitor on the direct current side, the currents ia, ib and ic on the alternating current side and the voltage Ua, Ub and Uc are collected corresponding, the collected voltages Uc1 and Uc2 of the upper capacitor and the lower capacitor on the direct current side are summed to obtain the total voltage Udc, the difference value of the Udc and the voltage reference value Udcref on the direct-current side is subjected to treatment through a sliding mode controller so as to obtain a current reference value idref, the current reference value idref is substituted into iqref = 0, then 2s / 2r conversion is carried out so as to obtain i alpha and i beta, the alternating-current side currents are subjected to 3s / 2r conversion so as to obtain the current actual values ialpharef and ibetaref, then the difference between the ialpharef and the ialpha and the difference between the ibetaref and the ibeta are obtained, then proportional resonance control is carried out so as to obtain usalpha and usbeta, and the angle theta of a phase-locked loop is obtained through the voltage Ua, Ub and Uc; and the usalpha, the usbeta and the voltage udc on the direct-current side, the current ia, ib and ic on the alternating-current side and a mid-point voltage signal are led into the controller together, and finally a switch-on-off signal of the Vienna rectifier is obtained. According to the method, the robustness and the dynamic performance ofthe Vienna rectifier are improved, the reaction speed of the Vienna rectifier is increased, the voltage fluctuation on the direct-current side is reduced, and meanwhile, better anti-load-disturbanceresistance is achieved.