The invention relates to the field of extraction and separation of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to three alkaloid compounds extracted, separated and identified from purslane and an extraction and separation method thereof. Described three kinds of alkaloid compounds, molecular formula is respectively C 16 h 15 NO 5 , C 13 h 11 NO 3 , C 14 h 13 NO 3 , named as 4,9,10-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-6,7-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]azocin-12(5H)-one, 9,10-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo [d]pyrrolo[1,2‑a]azepin‑11‑one, 8,9‑dihydroxy‑6,11‑dihydro‑5H‑benzo[d]pyrrolo[1,2‑a]azepine‑3‑carbaldehyde. It also provides an extraction and separation method for the above-mentioned alkaloid compounds, which is sequentially prepared by ethanol reflux extraction, silica gel column chromatography, ODS medium pressure column and hydroxypropyl dextran column chromatography, and HPLC separation and preparation. Its structure adopts 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and UHPLC-ESI-TOF-MS methods identified three new alkaloid compounds. The three compounds have potential anti-inflammatory and anti-cholinesterase activities, and provide preparation methods to provide lead and theoretical basis for the development of new drugs and new ingredients.