131 results about "Ammonia emission" patented technology

A system for effective NOx and particulate matter control in a diesel or other lean burn internal combustion engine is presented. The system includes a urea-based SCR catalyst having an oxidation catalyst coupled upstream of it and a particulate filter coupled downstream of the SCR catalyst. This system configuration results in improved NOx conversion due to fast SCR catalyst warm-up and higher operating temperatures. Additionally, placing the particulate filter last in this system configuration reduces tailpipe ammonia emissions as well as prevents any thermal damage to the SCR catalyst due to the particulate filter regeneration.

A diesel engine exhaust treatment system and method is provided which utilizes a diesel particulate filter positioned in the exhaust gas stream of a vehicle which includes an SCR catalyst, an ammonia oxidation catalyst, and / or a diesel oxidation catalyst. The system is capable of performing multiple functions including converting NOx to N2, converting HC and CO to H2O and CO2, trapping particulates, and minimizing ammonia emissions. The system is more compact and efficient than prior systems utilizing separate catalyst units, and minimizes backpressure while maximizing catalyst performance.

A system for reducing ammonia (NH3) emissions includes (a) a first component comprising a first substrate containing a three-way catalyst, wherein the first component is disposed upstream of a second component comprising a second substrate containing an ammonia oxidation catalyst, wherein said ammonia oxidation catalyst comprises a small pore molecular sieve supporting at least one transition metal; and (b) an oxygen-containing gas input disposed between the components. For example, a CHA Framework Type small pore molecular sieve may be used. A method for reducing NH3 emission includes introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a gas stream to produce an oxygenated gas stream; and exposing the oxygenated gas stream to an NH3 oxidation catalyst to selectively oxidize at least a portion of the NH3 to N2.

A system for reducing ammonia (NH3) emissions includes (a) a first component comprising a first substrate containing a three-way catalyst, wherein the first component is disposed upstream of a second component comprising a second substrate containing an ammonia oxidation catalyst, wherein said ammonia oxidation catalyst comprises a small pore molecular sieve supporting at least one transition metal; and (b) an oxygen-containing gas input disposed between the components. For example, a CHA Framework Type small pore molecular sieve may be used. A method for reducing NH3 emission includes introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a gas stream to produce an oxygenated gas stream; and exposing the oxygenated gas stream to an NH3 oxidation catalyst to selectively oxidize at least a portion of the NH3 to N2. The method may further include the step of exposing a rich burn exhaust gas to a three-way catalyst to produce the gas stream comprising NH3.

A system and method for passive capture of ammonia in an ammonia-containing liquid effluent. The invention allows for the passage of ammonia through microporous hydrophobic gas-permeable membranes and its capture in a circulated stripping solution with concomitant production of a concentrated non-volatile ammonium salt.

A system and method for determining ammonia deposition and controlling an engine is described. In one example, an amount of ammonia deposited in an engine exhaust is determined and the deposited ammonia is purged after the amount of ammonia deposited reaches a threshold level. The method may decrease ammonia use and ammonia emissions from a vehicle.

A multi-bed selective catalytic reduction system comprising a gas input duct, a first ammonia injection grid assembly located downstream from the gas input duct, a first selective catalytic reduction catalyst assembly located downstream from the first ammonia injection grid assembly, a second ammonia injection grid assembly located downstream from the first selective catalytic reduction catalyst assembly, a second selective catalytic reduction catalyst assembly located downstream from the second ammonia injection grid assembly, and an exhaust stack located downstream from the second selective catalytic reduction catalyst assembly. By passing a combustion waste stream through two sets of ammonia injection grid assemblies and selective catalytic reduction catalyst assemblies, the multi-bed selective catalytic reduction system removes more nitrogen oxide emissions from the waste stream, uses less ammonia to do so, and results in less ammonia emissions than systems with only one ammonia injection grid assembly and selective catalytic reduction catalyst assembly.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, wherein in a powered with the internal combustion engine vehicle data to a route in a navigation system and / or at least one driver assistance system can be provided. According to the invention, Ss is provided that even in transient operating conditions of the engine from the data of the expected route, an engine-load profile and thus a nitrogen oxide emission of the internal combustion engine, a nitrogen oxide conversion of the catalyst and / or a need of the metered for nitrogen oxide reduction are predicted and this data are considered correctively in the dosage of Reduktionsmittell or the timing and duration of loading and regeneration phase of the NOx storage catalytic converter can be influenced.

Embodiments for reducing ammonia slip are provided. In one example, a method for reduction of ammonia emissions from an engine exhaust gas aftertreatment device with an SCR catalyst comprises determining a concentration of NOx and / or ammonia in the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, comparing a determined value of NOx and / or ammonia concentration with a nominal value for ammonia and NOx, respectively, and if an actual or shortly forecasted ammonia concentration is above the respective nominal value, triggering engine conditions with higher exhaust NOx concentration. In this way, ammonia slip may be reduced without degrading fuel economy.

A method for reducing ammonia emissions in combustion exhaust gases and other waste streams using an oxidation catalyst, whereby unreacted ammonia (ammonia “slip”) is reduced downstream of a Selective Catalytic Reduction (“SCR”) system simultaneously with the reduction of other gaseous pollutants. The invention utilizes a noble metal-based catalyst, such as Pt, Pd or Ru, such that the ammonia is oxidized in the presence of oxygen to a species having a higher oxidation state of nitrogen, preferably elemental nitrogen N2. The efficiency of the process can be increased by optimizing the catalyst operating conditions and adjusting the temperature and space velocity, or the position of the metal-based catalyst relative to the SCR system.

An animal feed is provided that employs a substantially indigestible cation exchanger capable of binding ammonium cations and an acidogenic substance to acidify an animal's manure and thereby create ammonium cations that can be bound by the cation exchanger. The animal feed reduces ammonia emissions from manure produced by animals fed the animal feed compared to the emissions obtained from manure when an acidogenic substance is fed alone and compared to the emissions obtained from manure when a cation exchange capacity material is fed alone. Other aspects provide a method of lowering ammonia emissions from manure is provided. One embodiment provides a method for reducing soluble phosphorus levels in manure and a method for reducing total phosphorus levels in manure. In a further aspects present a method that yields manure that may be used alone or in concert with other materials to act as a fertilizer having advantageous ecological properties. Another aspect provides a method for reducing insect populations associated with manure. One embodiment is a composition for amending animal feed to produce animal waste that is lower in volatile ammonia and higher in nitrogen.

An animal feed is provided that employs a substantially indigestible cation exchanger capable of binding ammonium cations and an acidogenic substance to acidify an animal's manure and thereby create ammonium cations that can be bound by the cation exchanger. The animal feed reduces ammonia emissions from manure produced by animals fed the animal feed compared to the emissions obtained from manure when an acidogenic substance is fed alone and compared to the emissions obtained from manure when a cation exchange capacity material is fed alone. According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of lowering ammonia emissions from manure is provided. The present invention also provides a method for reducing soluble phosphorus levels in manure and a method for reducing total phosphorus levels in manure. In a further aspect of the present invention, a method is provided that yields manure that may be used alone or in concert with other materials to act as a fertilizer having advantageous ecological properties. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for reducing insect populations associated with manure.

A water dilutable binder resin for use in an inorganic fiber material; wherein the binder resin is prepared by reacting at least the following components in any order: (a) proteinaceous material which is substantially soluble in water at 20° C. and has a viscosity of <50 mPa*s for a 25 wt % aqueous solution, (b) an aromatic hydroxyl compound, and (c) an aldehyde, and wherein the water dilutable binder resin has a property of having a viscosity of <100 mPa*s when measured at a concentration of 50 wt % at 20° C. During curing, the resin thus produced gives lower phenol emissions. Also, the formaldehyde and ammonia emissions are dramatically lower when compared to conventional resins.

A system and method of reducing ammonia emissions. The system and method include a facility having a waste storage compartment below a floor comprised of slats with openings therebetween. A plurality of injection pipes are attached to a bottom surface of the slats. Each of the plurality of injection pipes includes a plurality of precipitation nozzles.

A rapid composting method of a water plant by utilization of biomass charcoal is characterized by successively comprising the following steps: the first step, weighing raw materials: the raw materials comprises a base composting material and the biomass charcoal, the base composting material comprises a fresh water plant and air-dried straw, the ratio of the fresh water plant to the air-dried straw is configured based on that the range of the dry-basis carbon nitrogen ratio of the base composting material being 22-28, according to the actual water content, natural weight is obtained by conversion, an input amount of the biomass charcoal is 40%-50% of the dry-basis weight of the base composting material, and the water content after mixing of the three raw materials is controlled between 60% and 75%; the second step, evenly mixing the weighted three raw materials to produce a mixed material, and putting the mixed material to a composting place; and the third step, carrying out composting treatment of the mixed material until the mixed material forms a humic substance, namely a organic fertilizer product. Through use of the rapid composting method, a conventional dewatering volume-reduction pretreatment process of the high-water-content fresh water plant is omitted, and two-way synergy of rapid composting and ammonia emission reduction of the fresh water plant can be realized.

An animal feed is provided that employs a substantially indigestible cation exchanger capable of binding ammonium cations and an acidogenic substance to acidify an animal's manure and thereby create ammonium cations that can be bound by the cation exchanger. The animal feed reduces ammonia emissions from manure produced by animals fed the animal feed compared to the emissions obtained from manure when an acidogenic substance is fed alone and compared to the emissions obtained from manure when a cation exchange capacity material is fed alone. According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of lowering ammonia emissions from manure is provided. The present invention also provides a method for reducing soluble phosphorus levels in manure and a method for reducing total phosphorus levels in manure. In a further aspect of the present invention, a method is provided that yields manure that may be used alone or in concert with other materials to act as a fertilizer having advantageous ecological properties. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for reducing insect populations associated with manure.

The invention discloses a method for minimizing ammonia slip from SCR catalysts. Embodiments for reducing ammonia slip are provided. In one example, a method for reduction of ammonia emissions from an engine exhaust gas aftertreatment device with an SCR catalyst comprises determining a concentration of NOx and / or ammonia in the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, comparing a determined value of NOx and / or ammonia concentration with a nominal value for ammonia and NOx, respectively, and if an actual or shortly forecasted ammonia concentration is above the respective nominal value, triggering engine conditions with higher exhaust NOx concentration. In this way, ammonia slip may be reduced without degrading fuel economy.

A system for reducing ammonia (NH3) emissions includes (a) a first component comprising a first substrate containing a three-way catalyst, wherein the first component is disposed upstream of a second component comprising a second substrate containing an ammonia oxidation catalyst, wherein said ammonia oxidation catalyst comprises a small pore molecular sieve supporting at least one transition metal; and (b) an oxygen-containing gas input disposed between the components. For example, a CHA Framework Type small pore molecular sieve may be used. A method for reducing NH3 emission includes introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a gas stream to produce an oxygenated gas stream; and exposing the oxygenated gas stream to an NH3 oxidation catalyst to selectively oxidize at least a portion of the NH3 to N2. The method may further include the step of exposing a rich burn exhaust gas to a three-way catalyst to produce the gas stream comprising NH3.

The invention discloses a DDC (Desulfurization-Dedusting-Cleansing) process and device for flue gas multi-pollutant ultra-low ammonia emission. Flue gas is sequentially treated in the following steps to be changed into purified flue gas and then discharged: on a concentration section, spraying the flue gas by an ammonium sulfate solution so as to produce mist and concentrated solution; on an absorber section, spraying mist by an ammonium sulfite solution, absorbing SO2 in the mist, and producing desulfurized mist and absorption liquid; on a purifying, dedusting and demisting section, washing and electrically decontaminating the desulfurized mist, and producing purified flue gas and scrubbing solution. According to the flowing direction of the flue gas, a core tower of the device is divided into three function areas which are isolated from one another by virtue of tower plates, and the different function areas are mutually communicated through cyclone demisting riser caps on the tower plates. The three function areas respectively form three independent circulation loops with an external tank through pumps and pipelines. The device is scientific in design, compact in arrangement and high in desulfurization and dedusting efficiency, and formation of aerosol and a tailing drop phenomenon of the flue gas can be eliminated. The process and the device disclosed by the invention can realize long-term stable operation, realize ultra-low emission and have excellent practicality and wide applicability.

The invention discloses a treatment method for high-concentration ammonia nitrogen in urine waste water. The treatment method comprises the following steps of: smashing and sieving limonite, immersing particles in concentrated hydrochloric acid and a saturate potassium hydroxide methanol solution sequentially, separating the particles under the action of an applied magnetic field to obtain a sediment, adding oxygen malononitrile in the sediment to perform polarization on the sediment, then immersing the sediment in an organic composite denitrifier containing methyl ten-butyl ether, ethylene oxide and the like for 30-50 minutes, washing the sediment for three times with deionized water, and drying the sediment in the presence of nitrogen protection to obtain a magnetic adsorption nanometer material with the organic composite denitrifier. The treatment method for the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen in the urine waste water can be used for realizing the effect of high removing capacity of the combination of the organic composite denitrifier and an air stripping method, and further solving the problem of secondary pollution caused by ammonia emissions in the treating process of the organic composite denitrifier.

A diesel engine exhaust treatment system and method is provided which utilizes a diesel particulate filter positioned in the exhaust gas stream of a vehicle which includes an SCR catalyst, an ammonia oxidation catalyst, and / or a diesel oxidation catalyst. The system is capable of performing multiple functions including converting NOx to N2, converting HC and CO to H2O and CO2, trapping particulates, and minimizing ammonia emissions. The system is more compact and efficient than prior systems utilizing separate catalyst units, and minimizes backpressure while maximizing catalyst performance.

The invention discloses an ammonia gas crystallization treatment technology, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and the chemical engineering. The technology thoroughly solves a problem of secondary pollution generated by ammonia gas discharge treatment in the production process in the LED industry at home and abroad. The main equipment of the ammonia gas crystallization treatment technology (system) comprises a reaction tower, a water washing tower, a fan, a reaction crystallization liquid storage tank, a cooling crystallization liquid storage tank, an ammonium sulfate solution recovery and storage tank, a water washing water storage tank, a dehydration device, a reaction tower circulating pump, an ammonium sulfate water circulating pump, a water washing tower circulating pump, a sulfuric acid storage tank, a metering pump and a system control cabinet. The technology has the following advantage: an ammonia gas enters the system reaction tower and fully contacts with a sulfuric acid solution, the ammonia gas and the sulfuric acid solution undergo a crystallization reaction, the obtained ammonium sulfate solution and crystals enters a cooling crystallization device, and the gas enters the water washing tower and undergoes water washing and absorbing treatment, so the zero discharge of the ammonia gas and the zero discharge of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater are guaranteed. No generation of three wastes is reached in the whole ammonia gas treatment process, so the technology makes a significant contribution to the ammonia gas treatment in the LED industry at home and abroad.

The invention relates to a spectrum detection system for diesel SCR ammonia pollution. The spectrum detection system comprises a photoelectric device unit and a gas path unit, wherein the photoelectric device unit comprises a laser, a splitter, a collimator, a laser driver, a signal generator, a photoelectric detector, a preamplifier, a lock-in amplifier, a data acquisition card and a host computer; the gas path unit comprises a gas pool, a standard gas module, an SCR purification system and a filtration system. The spectrum detection system realizes functions of real-time concentration monitoring, concentration data storage and display and the like of ammonia by using the TDLAS technology as the theoretical basis and combining with the reflecting pool and harmonic detection technology; the spectrum detection system is simple to operate, provides a solid technical basis for the field of detection and application of diesel ammonia pollution, realizes a detection and evaluation system for diesel ammonia emission, greatly improves the system detection accuracy and response speed, and provides new means for the research of emission reduction of a diesel and environmental monitoring.

Disclosed is a vanadium / titania-based catalyst including natural manganese ore for removing nitrogen oxides and dioxin in a wide operating temperature range and a method of using the same. Specifically, this invention pertains to a vanadium / titania (V / TiO2)-based catalyst including natural manganese ore for removing nitrogen oxides and dioxin in a wide operating temperature range, in which the WTiO2 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides and removal of dioxin contained in flue gas includes 5-30 wt % of natural manganese ore, thus exhibiting excellent activity of removing nitrogen oxides even in the low temperature range and of removing dioxin at the same time, and to a method of using the same. The catalyst of this invention has good thermal stability and thus can simultaneously manifest nitrogen oxides removal performance and dioxin removal performance superior to conventional vanadium / titania catalysts in a wide temperature range (150˜450° C.) including not only a high temperature range but also a low temperature range. As well, since unreacted ammonia emissions can be reduced, the formation of an ammonium salt is prevented and ammonium nitrate is decomposed at low temperatures, thus solving the problems of inactivation of the catalyst due to catalytic poisoning and of a shortened lifetime thereof, leading to economic benefits.

The invention belongs to the environmental protection field of animal husbandry, and provides an ammonia emission reduction device for a livestock and poultry breeding house. The device comprises filter wall combination equipment and a water pipe, the filter wall combination equipment comprises a frame, a gas distribution plate and a wet curtain, and the gas distribution plate and the wet curtainare installed in the frame; the gas distribution plate is provided with gas distribution holes, and the gas distribution holes comprise air holes, a baffle plate and a connection column; a spray pipeis arranged over the wet curtain and provided with a plurality of spray holes; the water pipe has two branches, which are respectively connected with the spray pipe and an atomization pipe; and the atomization pipe is arranged between the gas distribution plate and the wet curtain. The ammonia emission reduction device for the livestock and poultry breeding house provided by the invention can fully absorb ammonia gas in exhaust gas in the livestock and poultry breeding house, the absorption efficiency of the ammonia gas is very high, the emission of harmful gas is greatly reduced, air is purified, and the environment is protected; and the environmental conditions in the livestock and poultry house are greatly improved, the spread of diseases related to pollution is lowered, and the production efficiency and economic benefits are improved.

The invention relates to a method for urea production and to a urea production plant wherein ammonia emission in the final step of forming urea prills is reduced. In the method, the concentration of a urea solution is performed in at least three consecutive concentration steps and the residence time of urea melt leaving a last concentrator to the prilling tower is minimised. This can be achieved by placing the last concentrator in adjacency with a urea melt inlet of the prilling tower, such as above the prilling tower. In this way, the ammonia emission in the prilling tower can be reduced by as much as 50% compared to the conventional urea production plants. The invention further relates to a method for reducing ammonia emission in the prilling tower of an existing urea production plant.

Lipids, such as plant oils and animal fats, are effective for treatment of animal wastes to inhibit both the emission of ammonia and other odors, and the discharge of particulate matter, microorganisms, and endotoxins, therefrom. Inhibition of ammonia volatilization and particulate or microbial discharge is effected by application of an effective amount of a lipid containing composition onto the animal wastes. Moreover, when used in combination with solutions of salts of acidic proton donors such as aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, and alum, these lipids significantly improve the effectiveness of the proton donors to inhibit the release of ammonia and reduce phosphorous solubility.

The invention discloses a method for removing SO3 from smoke gas which comprises the steps such as ammonia passing and dilution, ammonia injection and emission, residual ammonia detection, ammonia content adjustment, etc. The invention also discloses a device for removing the SO3 from the smoke gas, which comprises a mixer, an ammonia injection and emission system, a flue, smoke gas system equipment, and a control center. The mixer is provided with an ammonia gas inlet, an air inlet and an outlet; an air boiler is arranged at the air inlet, and the outlet is connected to an input end of the ammonia injection and emission system; an output end of the ammonia injection and emission system is inserted in the flue; a residual ammonia surveymeter is arranged on the rear end of the flue after the rear end of the flue passes through the smoke gas system equipment; the residual ammonia surveymeter is connected to the control center which is connected to the front end of the ammonia gas inlet. In the method, ammonia gas reacts with the SO3 in the smoke gas to remove the SO3, the residual ammonia detection is performed before the smoke gas is discharged, and the quantity of ammonia supply is adjusted according to the leak amount of the ammonia in the smoke gas, so as to keep the ammonia emission within bounds. The method can effectively remove the SO3, avoiding eroding the smoke gas system equipment, and lowers the cost.

The invention provides simulation and analysis methods for the influence of different agricultural ammonia emission scenarios on PM2.5 concentration. The method mainly comprises three parts: improvingammonia emissions from the farmland fertilization based on an EPIC mode, developing an agricultural pollution source emission information processing system, and establishing the newest agricultural source pollutant emission list; establishing an air quality simulation and forecasting model considering the influence of the agricultural ammonia, and continuously improving the simulation and forecasting level of PM2.5; and calculating the contribution of agricultural emission sources to the PM2.5 in the main agricultural region of China and providing a corresponding control strategy. The invention utilizes the RSM / CMAQ technology, combines the relevant control technology and the future development plan, makes assumptions on the future control strategy and the corresponding control strength of the regional agricultural ammonia emissions, proposes corresponding solutions, and analyzes and calculates the list of agricultural sources and anthropogenic ammonia emissions generated under various control modes. According to the simulation and analysis methods, the local ammonia emission reduction prospect and the effect thereof can be evaluated, and valuable references are provided.

A system and method for passive capture of ammonia in an ammonia-containing liquid effluent. The invention allows for the passage of ammonia through microporous hydrophobic gas-permeable membranes and its capture in a circulated stripping solution with concomitant production of a concentrated non-volatile ammonium salt.