The invention discloses an automatic bag replacement detection rubbish bin, and relates to the environment protection field. The automatic bag replacement detection rubbish bin comprises a bin body, a bin cover seat and a bin cover, wherein a rubbish bag slide rail is arranged on the bin body, a bin cover drive motor, an ultrasonic distance measurement unit, a display lamp, a bag replacement switch, a control module and a battery pack are arranged on the bin cover seat, a rubbish bag drive mechanism provided with at least four synchronous wheels is arranged on each side of the bin cover seat, at least one synchronous wheel is connected with a bag replacement motor, a synchronous belt is wound around the synchronous wheels, the synchronous belt and the rubbish bag slide rail clamp the edge of a rubbish bag, and also can drive the edge of the rubbish bag to slide forwards on the rubbish bag slide rail, and furthermore a support groove used to place rubbish bag rolls is formed in the bin body. The automatic bag replacement detection rubbish bin can solve the problems that an existing rubbish bin needs a person to manually replace rubbish bags, and thereby is troublesome to operate, the person easily touches rubbish, the rubbish amount in the existing rubbish bin can not be detected, the person can not be timely informed to clear the rubbish in the existing rubbish bin, and therefore smelly bacteria generated due to long time storage of the rubbish pollute the environment, are intolerable by the person, and furthermore can enable the person to fall ill.