The invention discloses a dust suction device for a horizontal centrifugal casting machine, wherein a pit is arranged on the ground at the front end of the casting machine, the dust suction device is arranged inside the pit, a pit cover board is covered on a pit opening, and one side of the pit cover board is connected with a pit edge through a rotating pair. The dust suction device comprises a dust collection hood, a shear shank and a connecting rod, the dust collection hood is arranged on an upper platform of the shear shank, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the upper platform of the shear shank, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged on the pit cover board, and a hinging point is far away from the joint of the pit cover board and the pit edge. The dust suction device further comprises a wind pipe, an air valve, a dust collector and a pushing pressure cylinder, and the pushing pressure cylinder is connected to the bottom of the shear shank. According to the dust suction device for the horizontal centrifugal casting machine, the dust suction device is arranged on the ground, so that the space is efficiently used, the structure is reasonable, the work of the casting machine cannot be influenced, the dust is efficiently sucked, the production environment is improved, the dust pollution is greatly reduced, and the working enthusiasm of workers is improved.