The invention relates to a super-resolution thermal infrared imager and in particular relates to a super-resolution thermal infrared imager based on atmospheric turbulence correction. The super-resolution thermal infrared imager comprises a large-caliber protection window, a wavefront modulation system, an infrared optical system, an area array infrared detector focal plane and a refrigerator which are sequentially arranged along the optical axis direction, and a system circuit component which is simultaneously connected with the array infrared detector focal plane and the refrigerator, wherein the wavefront modulation system is connected with the array infrared detector focal plane. The super-resolution thermal infrared imager has the main advantages that 1, the influence of the atmospheric turbulence is overcome, the phenomena of image blurring, flash and the like are eliminated, and the image resolution ratio is improved, so that the output infrared image is clear and enriched in details; 2, the resolution ratio of the infrared image can be close to the diffraction limit of the optical system; 3, the performance of the thermal infrared imager is obviously improved; 4, an optical scanning mechanism is saved, and the thermal infrared imager is simple in structure, small in size and low in engineering realization difficulty and has high reliability and high practicability.