117results about How to "Preventing initiation" patented technology

The present invention is directed to novel methods of synthesizing multiple copies of a target nucleic acid sequence which are autocatalytic (i.e., able to cycle automatically without the need to modify reaction conditions such as temperature, pH, or ionic strength and using the product of one cycle in the next one). In particular, the present invention discloses a method of nucleic acid amplification which is robust and efficient, while reducing the appearance of side-products. The method uses only one primer, the “priming oligonucleotide,” a promoter oligonucleotide modified to prevent polymerase extension from its 3′-terminus and, optionally, a means for terminating a primer extension reaction, to amplify RNA or DNA molecules in vitro, while reducing or substantially eliminating the formation of side-products. The method of the present invention minimizes or substantially eliminates the emergence of side-products, thus providing a high level of specificity. Furthermore, the appearance of side-products can complicate the analysis of the amplification reaction by various molecular detection techniques. The present invention minimizes or substantially eliminates this problem, thus providing an enhanced level of sensitivity.

A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling optical aberrations to alter relative curvature of field by providing ocular apparatuses, systems and methods comprising a predetermined corrective factor to produce at least one substantially corrective stimulus for repositioning peripheral, off-axis, focal points relative to the central, on-axis or axial focal point while maintaining the positioning of the central, on-axis or axial focal point on the retina. The invention will be used to provide continuous, useful clear visual images while simultaneously retarding or abating the progression of myopia or hypermetropia.

A method of repairing a defect in an annulus fibrosus of an intervertebral disc, without excising the entire nucleus pulposus of the disc. The method includes inserting an introducer needle through the annulus fibrosus by puncturing the annulus fibrosus with the introducer needle, injecting an in situ curable, bio-compatible polymerizable or polymeric material composition into the disc through the introducer needle directly or indirectly so that the in situ curable composition contacts a defect in the annulus fibrosus; and curing said material in situ.

A multi-channel apparatus for classifying particles according to one or more particle characteristics. The apparatus comprises a plurality of flow cytometry units, each of which is operable to classify particles in a mixture of particles by interrogating a stream of fluid containing the particles with a beam of electromagnetic radiation. The flow cytometry units share an integrated platform comprising at least one of the following: (1) a common supply of particles; (2) a common housing; (3) a common processor for controlling operation of the units; (4) a common processor for receiving and processing information from the units; and (5) a common fluid delivery system. The integrated platform can include a common source of electromagnetic radiation. A method of the invention comprises using a plurality of flow cytometry units sharing the integrated platform to perform a flow kilometric operation, such as analyzing or sorting particles.

An apparatus is described for use in combination with a noninvasive ophthalmological method for cornea reshaping in order to correct ocular refractive errors such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism. This apparatus is called a coupler and it is made of a material which is substantially transparent to the light energy used to reshape the cornea. The coupler conducts heat from the anterior portion of the cornea during the heating of the stroma by the light energy. The reshaping is enhanced by the coupler as it has a corneal engaging surface with a radius of curvature which approximates the desired emmetropic shape of the cornea. In addition to being a heat sink and template for the eye, the coupler also acts as a positioner and restrainer of the eye by attaching itself to the eye via an annular suction ring. Finally, the coupler also acts as a mask to prevent accidental exposure of the central optic zone to any light energy during the cornea reshaping procedure.

A method, system and program for preventing intrusion in a communications network. A source node initiates a request for network services, such as session establishment, database access, or application access. Known network resources and authorized user information is stored in a database at a network portal along with access policy rules that are device and user dependent. Identification of the source node is required before the source node can construct a transformed packet header that is included with a synchronization packet before transmission to a destination node. An appliance or firewall in the communications network receives and authenticates the synchronization packet before releasing the packet to its, intended destination. The authentication process includes verification of the access policy associated with the source node. Once received at the destination node, the transformed packet header is reformed by extracting a key index value. The extracted key index is subsequently used to transform the packet header in the response transmitted to the source node.

A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling optical aberrations to alter relative curvature of field by providing ocular apparatuses, systems and methods comprising a predetermined corrective factor to produce at least one substantially corrective stimulus for repositioning peripheral, off-axis, focal points relative to the central, on-axis or axial focal point while maintaining the positioning of the central, on-axis or axial focal point on the retina. The invention will be used to provide continuous, useful clear visual images while simultaneously retarding or abating the progression of myopia or hypermetropia.

The present invention provides a gallium-containing composition for coating / impregnating a device or device surface to prevent biofilm growth formation. The present invention also provides a method of preventing or inhibiting biofilm growth formation. The present invention also provides methods for killing established biofilms.

A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling optical aberrations to alter relative curvature of field by providing ocular apparatuses, systems and methods comprising a predetermined corrective factor to produce at least one substantially corrective stimulus for repositioning peripheral, off-axis, focal points relative to the central, on-axis or axial focal point while maintaining the positioning of the central, on-axis or axial focal point on the retina. The invention will be used to provide continuous, useful clear visual images while simultaneously retarding or abating the progression of myopia or hypermetropia.

A method, system and program for preventing intrusion in a communications network. A source node initiates a request for network services, such as session establishment, database access, or application access. Known network resources and authorized user information is stored in a database at a network portal along with access policy rules that are device and user dependent. Identification of the source node is required before the source node can construct a transformed packet header that is included with a synchronization packet before transmission to a destination node. An appliance or firewall in the communications network receives and authenticates the synchronization packet before releasing the packet to its, intended destination. The authentication process includes verification of the access policy associated with the source node. Once received at the destination node, the transformed packet header is reformed by extracting a key index value. The extracted key index is subsequently used to transform the packet header in the response transmitted to the source node.

Methods are provided for amplification of a nucleic acid sequence. The method use RNA / DNA chimeric oligonucleotides as primers. The primers have RNA residues scattered along their length and no two ribonucleotides in the prime are adjacent to one another. The methods are useful for reducing non-specific amplification products, such as primer dimers. The invention also provides kits comprising RNA / DNA chimeric oligonucleotide primers for practicing the amplification methods.

Methods and systems are disclosed for managing software licenses in a distributed computer network. The number of software licenses allocated to software users can be determined on a node-by-node basis in realtime with little or no additional processing overhead incurred by the network. Upon of the occurrence of a node failure, software licenses are efficiently reallocated to new users. In one implementation, users are periodically counted at each network node and transmitted to a master node with a sanity scan result message. A license allocation condition is periodically evaluated using the sum of the counts. If the condition is met, a license lockout can be performed upon the expiration of a grace period.

The present invention relates to a fiber-reinforced cement based or cementitious material, and process for making, where the reinforcing fiber is a chemically treated cellulose or non-cellulose fiber. The fiber reinforced cementitious material includes (i) cement, (ii) optionally, sand, aggregate, or sand and aggregate, and (iii) chemically treated fibers having a polyvalent cation content of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 5.0 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers. The present invention further provides for a fiber reinforced cementitious material having a weak acid content of from about 0.5 weight percent to about 10 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers.

The present invention provides compositions, kits and methods for the selective hybridization and capture of a specific target nucleic acid. The specific target nucleic acid may be present in a heterogeneous mixture of nucleic acids. Selective hybridization and capture provides a target nucleic acid that is substantially free of non-target and / or contaminating nucleic acids. Target nucleic acids that have been selectively hybridized and captured using the current invention are then used in subsequent analysis, wherein the presence of non-target and / or contaminating nucleic acids that interfere with said subsequent analysis have been substantially reduced or eliminated, thereby providing improved analysis results. The invention offers the further advantage of requiring less stringent purification and / or sterility efforts than conventionally needed in order to ensure that enzymes and other reagents used in subsequent analysis, or present in the environment in which an assay is performed, are free of bacterial or other contaminating nucleic acids.

Compounds of formula (I)as factor VII-tissue factor inhibitors as well as novel benzoxazin derivatives are disclosed, wherein R1, R2, R3, X and Y are as defined in the specification. These compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, have been shown to be inhibitors of factor VIIa-tissue factor activity and have anticoagulant properties. These compounds are useful for treating deficiencies of blood clotting factors or the effects of inhibitors to blood clotting factors. Methods for inhibiting clotting activity are also disclosed.

A clustered computer system, apparatus, program product and method utilize a group member-initiated shutdown process to terminate clustering on a node in an automated and orderly fashion, typically in the event of a failure detected by a group member residing on that node. As a component of such a process, node leave operations are initiated on the other nodes in a clustered computer system, thereby permitting any dependency failovers to occur in an automated fashion. Moreover, other group members on a node to be shutdown are preemptively terminated prior to local detection of the failure within those other group members, so that termination of clustering on the node may be initiated to complete a shutdown operation.

A system for removing liquid waste from an automated diagnostic instrument. The system comprises(a) an accumulator having at least one inlet for waste liquids and at least one outlet for waste liquids;(b) a vacuum sub-system connected to the accumulator, said vacuum sub-system comprising a vacuum pump; and(c) a drain portion for removing waste liquids comprising a peristaltic pump having spring-loaded rollers.The liquid waste from the automated diagnostic instrument is moved by means of a pressure differential created by the vacuum pump and the peristaltic pump having spring-loaded rollers.

An electric driving machine has a motor for rotating a flywheel, power transmission for converting rotational drive force of the flywheel into rectilinear drive force and transmitting the rectilinear drive force to an actuator which fires a fastener, and engagement / disengagement arrangement which transmits the rotational drive force of the flywheel to a driver blade of interrupts transmission of the rotational drive force. The electric driving machine is provided with a second switching element connected in series with the engagement / disengagement arrangement and a third switching element connected in shunt with the engagement / disengagement arrangement. When a push lever switch is in an OFF position where driving of a fastener is not ready, the third switching element is held in an ON state.

A for accessing a 3G network. includes: a terminal accessing a wireless local area network by adopting a WAPI protocol, and notifying an AAA server of a 3G network through an AP of the wireless local area network that the terminal intends to access the 3G network; the AAA server obtaining identity information of the terminal through the AP, and performing an EAP-TLS negotiation process with the terminal through the AP after determining that the terminal is a subscription terminal of the 3G network according to the identity information; and the terminal accessing the 3G network after finishing the EAP-TLS negotiation process. A system for accessing a 3G network includes an AP of a wireless local area network and an AAA server of a 3G network. The present invention reduces unnecessary processes (the message interacting, the certificate verification, the signature verification, and so on) and improves the system efficiency.

Kits for amplifying DNA which include a priming oligonucleotide that hybridizes to a 3′-end of a DNA target sequence, a displacer oligonucleotide that hybridizes to a target nucleic acid containing the DNA target sequence at a position upstream from the priming oligonucleotide, and a promoter oligonucleotide that includes a region that hybridizes to a 3′-region of a DNA primer extension product that includes the priming oligonucleotide and a promoter for an RNA polymerase. The priming oligonucleotide does not include an RNA region that hybridizes to the target nucleic acid and is selectively degraded by an enzyme activity when hybridized to the target nucleic acid. The kits do not include a restriction endonuclease and oligonucleotides that include a promoter for an RNA polymerase are all modified to prevent the initiation of DNA synthesis therefrom.

A method of preventing initiation of an explosive device. The method comprises substantially encasing an explosive device with a conductive foam. The explosive device is configured to be initiated by an electromagnetic radiation signal, such as that emitted by a transmitter of a wireless door bell device. Deactivated explosive devices are also disclosed.

In a laser diode arrangement for generating single mode tunable laser radiation wherein the laser diode forms a first resonator and has rear and front facets and a second external resonator is coupled to the first resonator, and wherein an optical transmission component and a wavelength selective optical reflection element are arranged in the laser light path from the laser diode for directing laser light into the external resonator and coupling it back into the first resonator, means are provided for uncoupling the laser radiation from the first resonator by way of the rear facet of the laser diode, the rear facet and the optical reflection element having a reflectivity ratio of less than 1.

A method of repairing a defect in an annulus fibrosus of an intervertebral disc, without excising the entire nucleus pulposus of the disc. The method includes inserting an introducer needle through the annulus fibrosus by puncturing the annulus fibrosus with the introducer needle, injecting an in situ curable, bio-compatible polymerizable or polymeric material composition into the disc through the introducer needle directly or indirectly so that the in situ curable composition contacts a defect in the annulus fibrosus; and curing said material in situ.

Provided is a multi-layered sheet which has undergone heating corresponding to brazing, such as an aluminum-alloy radiator tube, or a multi-layered sheet such as an aluminum-alloy brazing sheet. The multi-layered sheet can have a reduced thickness and has excellent fatigue properties. The multi-layered sheet of aluminum alloys comprises a core layer (2) which has been clad at least with a sacrificial layer (3). This multi-layered sheet is a multi-layered sheet to be subjected to brazing or welding to produce a heat exchanger or is a multi-layered sheet which has undergone heating corresponding to brazing. The core layer (2) comprises a specific 3000-series composition. In this core layer (2), the average density in number of dispersed particles having a specific size has been regulated. As a result, fatigue properties, which govern cracking, can be highly improved.

A gas fueled lighter having a compact storage configuration so as to be easily carried in a pocket or purse, the lighter actuated by sliding a longitudinal portion engaged to the body so as to extend said portion to form an extension having a free end, the free end configured to initiate a flame upon full extension from the body, the flame fueled by gas in the body and ignited by a piezo ignition switch. The preferred embodiment of the present invention is designed to provide an inexpensive, compact, easy to implement lighter providing the flame from an extension when in use, the extension sliding back to form a portion of the body when not in use. This safety feature not only provides a flame extended from the user's hand and body, it also provides an extension for lighting pilot lights, gas grills, fireplaces, and the like. The body of the preferred embodiment has a gas reservoir therein as well as the ignition and fuel valve, and further has a generally rectilinear configuration with at least a portion of the top configured to slide longitudinally to form the extension, the upper face of the top including a frictional area for placement of the user's thumb thereupon for sliding of the extension and initiation / cessation of the flame. The body may be rubberized for a better grip, and may include finger ridges for an enhanced grip of the system, and the overall body ideally has an ergometric design to facilitate comfortable and tactile operation.

A light-curtain alarm system is disclosed that provides to authorized persons uninhibited access to a protected item by automatically, temporarily deactivating the alarm whenever proximity of an authorized person is detected. Each authorized person carries a deactivating device that is detected at short range, preferably using radio waves or Bluetooth. Embodiments can track detection information, and / or distinguish between a plurality of deactivating devices, so as to track and / or control access to the protected item. The deactivating device can be included in an identification badge, and / or can be carried in a pocket or worn around a wrist or neck. The light-curtain can be generated using any combination of lasers and / or other light sources, light reflectors, and photo-detectors. In preferred embodiments, the alarm system can be configured to control access to a magnet of a magnetic resonance device, such as an MRI or NMR.

A process for upgrading crude oil fractions or other hydrocarbon oil feedstreams boiling in the range of 36° to 520° C., and preferably naphtha and gas oil fractions boiling in the range of 36° to 400° C., employs a solid adsorption material to lower sulfur and nitrogen content by contacting the hydrocarbon oil, and optionally a viscosity-reducing solvent, with one or more solid adsorbents such as silica gel or silica, silica alumina, alumina, attapulgus clay and activated carbon in a mixing vessel for a predetermined period of time; passing the resulting slurry to a membrane separation zone, optionally preceded by a primary filtration step (i.e., single stage or multiple stages), to separate the solid adsorption material with the adsorbed sulfur and nitrogen compounds from the treated oil; recovering the upgraded hydrocarbon product having a significantly reduced nitrogen and sulfur content as the membrane permeate; mixing the solid adsorbent material with one or a combination of aromatic solvents such as toluene, benzene, the xylenes and tetrahydrofuran to remove and stabilize the sulfur and nitrogen compounds; transferring the solvent to a fractionation tower to recover the solvent, which can be recycled for use in the process; and recovering the hydrocarbons that are rich in sulfur and nitrogen for processing in a relatively small high-pressure hydrotreating unit or transferring them to a fuel oil pool for blending.

Novel methods of synthesizing multiple copies of a target nucleic acid sequence which are autocatalytic are disclosed (i.e., able to cycle automatically without the need to modify reaction conditions such as temperature, pH, or ionic strength and using the product of one cycle in the next one). In particular, methods of nucleic acid amplification are disclosed which are robust and efficient, while reducing the appearance of side-products. In general, the methods use priming oligonucleotides that target only one sense of a target nucleic acid, a promoter oligonucleotide modified to prevent polymerase extension from its 3′-terminus and, optionally, a means for terminating a primer extension reaction, to amplify RNA or DNA molecules in vitro, while reducing or substantially eliminating the formation of side-pro ducts. The disclosed methods minimizes or substantially eliminate the emergence of side-products, thus providing a high level of specificity. Furthermore, the appearance of side-products can complicate the analysis of the amplification reaction by various molecular detection techniques. The disclosed methods minimize or substantially eliminate this problem, thus providing enhanced levels of sensitivity.

A beverage preparation machine comprising: a seat (5); an ingredient holder (13) that has a processing configuration and a transfer configuration; and a service unit (20, 30) having an operative position in the seat and being removable from the seat. A mechanical locking device (53) is provided to: mechanically detect a position of the service unit and mechanically prevent the ingredient holder from taking its processing configuration when the service unit is off its operative position; and / or mechanically detect a configuration of the ingredient holder and mechanically prevent removal of the service unit from the seat when the ingredient holder is in its processing configuration.