The invention discloses a device for integrated collection of stress and displacement of surrounding rocks, which comprises a spherical body, a casing pipe, a steel wire and an optical cable, wherein a threaded hole is formed by drilling along one diameter of the spherical body; a fiber bragg grating is adhered along six different directions in the spherical body respectively; one end of the steel wire is fixed on the spherical body; and one end of the optical cable is connected with the fiber bragg gratings in the spherical body. According to the device and the method for integrated collection of stress and displacement of surrounding rocks disclosed by the invention, three-dimensional stress of a point can be calculated by measuring stresses in six directions of the point, and stress and displacement can be simultaneously measured in one drill hole, therefore, not only comparison and analysis are convenient, but also accuracy of a test result is ensured as mutual interference among a plurality of near-distance drill holes is avoided, and meanwhile, workloads of the drill holes are decreased; the fiber gratings are not influenced by electromagnetic, humid and corrosive environments, and the spherical body is sufficiently contacted with the surrounding rocks as well as with slurry poured in the holes, so that accuracy and reliability of stress measurement result are guaranteed; furthermore, the spherical body is fixed in surrounding rock holes in a way that slurry is poured into the surrounding rock holes, looseness of the spherical body is avoided, as a result, a wrong displacement test result is prevented.