The invention discloses a microgrid active synchronous control method based on distributed control. The method is characterized in that through the distributed control technology, system busbar voltage of a microgrid is adjusted actively through local information interaction, thereby realizing smooth transition of the microgrid from an island operation mode to a grid-connected operation mode. A synchronous correction signal generated by a synchronous controller is only transmitted to a leader microsource; the leader microsource realizes information interaction with adjacent microsources; meanwhile, other microsources exchange information with adjacent microsources thereof; and finally, all of the microsources reach conformity behavior, that is, voltage and frequency are consistent, reactive power is allocated in proportion, and the microgrid system busbar voltage is synchronous with a large power grid, thereby realizing seamless grid connection. Compared with a conventional synchronous method, the method, based on local sparse communication, does not need a complex communication network, thereby reducing cost, and improving system reliability, flexibility and redundancy. Besides, even though a distributed communication network has fault, the bottom droop control can still keep normal operation of the system.