The invention discloses a drilling sampling device and a use method and relates to the technical field of drilling sampling equipment. An operation handle (5) is arranged on a lifting shaft (4), a motor (6) is arranged at one side of a lifting device (3), a control device (7) is arranged between the lifting device (3) and the motor (6), a speed regulating rotary knob (8) and a power switch (9) are arranged on the control device (7), the upper end of a main shaft (11) is connected with the motor (6) through a connecting sleeve (10), the lower end of the main shaft (11) is connected with a sampling cylinder (12), the upper end of the sampling cylinder (12) is provided with a cover body (13), and a plurality of triangular edge boards (14) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the sampling cylinder (12). The drilling sampling device is reasonable in structural design, easy to operate, convenient to use, high in operation efficiency, large in sampling range, light, low in labor intensity, convenient to carry, safe, reliable and capable of automatically controlling the sampling depth, being automatically controlled to be switched on and switched off and satisfying the use requirements of people.