The invention provides a flattened rodless aircraft tractor capable of realizing adaptive motion with aircraft wheels. The rodless aircraft tractor comprises a frame structure, a wheel holding type climbing mechanism, a running system, a control system, a power supply system and a hydraulic system, wherein the frame structure serves as a rigid support of all mechanisms and systems of the tractor; the wheel holding type climbing mechanism is connected on the frame structure in a flexible mode; connection among all mechanisms in the wheel holding type climbing mechanism can realize adaptive motion; the running system is arranged on the frame structure and is used for driving and steering the entire vehicle structure; the power supply system is used for supplying power to the running system and the control system; the hydraulic system is used for supplying power to action parts of the wheel holding type climbing mechanism; and the control system is used for carrying out control and feedback on the wheel holding type climbing mechanism, the running system and the power system. The rodless aircraft tractor provided by the invention solves the problem existing in the existing aircraft tractor, is capable of realizing adaptive motion of the tractor and the aircraft wheels, is applicable to different types of aircraft wheels and different operating environment conditions, reduces the cost, saves the operating space, and is capable of conveniently and quickly realizing the guarantee operation of the tractor.