158results about "Reference comparison" patented technology

The invention relates to a single-chip bridge-type magnetic field sensor which comprises a substrate, reference arms, sensing arms, shielding structures and bonding pads, wherein each reference arm and each sensing arm are respectively provided with at least two rows / lines of reference element strands and sensing element strands, each reference element strand and each sensing element strand are formed by one or multiple identical magneto-resistor sensing elements which are electronically connected, the reference element strands and the sensing element strands are arranged and placed in a staggered mode, each magneto-resistor sensing element is one kind of sensing elements selected from AMR, GMR or TMR, each shielding structure is corresponding arranged on each reference element strand, one sensing element strand is located at the interval position between two shielding structures, and one shielding structure is a long-strip-shaped array which is made of soft magnetic materials permalloy. The single-chip bridge-type magnetic field sensor can be achieved in three bridge structures such as quasi bridge, half bridge and full bridge. The single-chip bridge-type magnetic field sensor has the advantages of being small in size, low in cost, small in offset, high in sensitivity, and good in linearity and temperature stability.

The invention provides a single chip difference free layer push-pull type magnetic field sensor electric bridge and a preparation method thereof. The magnetic field sensor electric bridge comprises a substrate, a staggered soft magnetic flux concentrator array and a GMR spin valve or a TMR magnetic resistor sensor unit array which is placed on the substrate and has an X-direction magnetic sensitive direction. Each soft magnetic flux concentrator comprises edges parallel to the X axis, edges parallel to the Y axis and four corners, and the four corners are sequentially marked as A, B, C and D from the upper left position in the clockwise direction. Magnetic resistor sensor units are placed at the gaps between the soft magnetic flux concentrators. Meanwhile, the magnetic resistor sensor units corresponding to the corners A and the corners C of the soft magnetic flux concentrators and the magnetic resistor sensor units corresponding to the corners B and the corners D are defined as push magnetic resistor sensor units and pull magnetic resistor sensor units respectively. The push magnetic resistor sensor units are electrically connected to form one or more push arms, the pull magnetic sensor units are electrically connected to form one or more pull arms, and the push arms and the pull arms are electrically connected to form a push-pull type sensor bridge. According to the single chip difference free layer push-pull type magnetic field sensor electric bridge and the preparation method therefore, the power consumption is low, the magnetic field sensitivity is high, and a magnetic field in the Y direction can be measured.

An aerosol particle spectrometer utilizes a high voltage central electrode and a series of annular, axially arranged collector electrodes maintained at ground, for collecting positively charged particles suspended in an aerosol flowing between the electrodes. Each collector electrode provides current to an integrating electrometer including circuitry that rapidly charges and discharges the integrating capacitor during a brief reset cycle, to generate accurate particle characterizing information based on low currents, with high bandwidth and high dynamic range, virtually in real time.