83 results about "Overtone" patented technology

The method of the present invention enables representation of musical compositions using symbols and color. Symbols and variable shades of colors are used to provide enhanced and visually attractive representation of a musical composition that guides a performer in performing the composition in particular predefined emotional overtones. An color-coded emotional hint line is provided along with colored representations of notes to further assist the performer in setting an appropriate predefined overall emotional tone when the composition is performed.

Data are embedded in an audio signal for watermarking, steganography, or other purposes. The audio signal is divided into time frames. In each time frame, the relative phases of one or more frequency bands are shifted to represent the data to be embedded. In one embodiment, two frequency bands are selected according to a pseudo-random sequence, and their relative phase is shifted. In another embodiment, the phases of one or more overtones relative to the fundamental tone are quantized.

The invention discloses a method and a system which searches musical files based on waveform through humming musical rhythm, the method for searching the musical files which are based on the waveform through the humming musical rhythm comprises the following steps: inputting the musical files which are based on the waveform and inputting humming rhythm signals, dividing a singing section from theinput musical files based on the waveform, respectively estimating the rhythm overtone to the singing section and the humming rhythm signals, obtaining a masking musical note picture, carrying out the vectorization to the masking musical note picture of the singing section and the masking musical note picture of the humming musical rhythm signals to obtain the vector sequence of the singing section and the vector sequence of the humming rhythm signals, and comparing the vector sequence of the singing section and the vector sequence of the humming rhythm signals to confirm whether the singing section is matched with the humming rhythm signals.

Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) replaces the SAW device used in the gas chromatograph (GC) systems could result in better performance. The use of multiple vibration modes, variable vibration amplitude and overtones could make the sensor detector with self-temperature compensation capability, higher sensitivity and longer sensor life due to reduced aging rate.

A system and method for using near-infrared or short-wave infrared (SWIR) light sources for early detection and monitoring of breast cancer, as well as other kinds of cancers may detect decreases in lipid content and increases in collagen content, possibly with a shift in the collagen peak wavelengths and changes in spectral features associated with hemoglobin and water content as well. Wavelength ranges between 1000-1400 nm and 1600-1800 nm may permit relatively high penetration depths because they fall within local minima of water absorption, scattering loss decreases with increasing wavelength, and they have characteristic signatures corresponding to overtone and combination bands from chemical bonds of interest, such as hydrocarbons. Broadband light sources and detectors permit spectroscopy in transmission, reflection, and / or diffuse optical tomography. High signal-to-noise ratio may be achieved using a fiber-based super-continuum light source. Risk of pain or skin damage may be mitigated using surface cooling and focused infrared light.

The present invention is a piezoelectric crystal oscillator using parametric amplification to enhance the Q. Parametric amplification is accomplished by driving the same region of the crystal as used for the oscillator with an overtone of the crystal resonator.

A method and system for synthesizing electronic watermarks is disclosed. The method includes generating electronic watermark sounds for music data by converting harmonic overtones that match the music data into signals. The generated electronic watermark sounds are then synthesized into the music data. The synthesized electronic watermark sounds and the music data are then output via various ways. In one embodiment, an encoded music file is generated, which can be sent to a recipient via a network or recorded on any of various recording media for distribution.

The percussion resonance system allows a drummer to produce additional, resonant acoustic effects beyond those produced by a conventional drum or other percussion instrument. In one embodiment, the percussion resonance system includes a substantially cylindrical sidewall having opposed upper and lower open ends, similar to the sidewall of a conventional drum, and batter and resonant heads respectively covering the upper and lower ends of the substantially cylindrical sidewall. A plurality of apertures are formed through either the batter head, the resonant head, or both, in order to produce additional acoustic effects caused by the air passing through the apertures as the heads vibrate. Air passing through the apertures increases the overall tonal qualities of the percussion instrument, and further aids in decreasing generation of unwanted vibrations, particularly in the form of ringing sounds or overtones. Further embodiments include inserts for percussion instruments having surfaces with similar apertures formed therethrough.

An apparatus for signal processing based on an algorithm for representing harmonics in a fractal lattice. The apparatus includes a plurality of tuned segments, each tuned segment including a transceiver having an intrinsic resonant frequency the amplitude of the resonant frequency capable of being modified by either receiving an external input signal, or by internally generating a response to an applied feedback signal. A plurality of signal processing elements are arranged in an array pattern, the signal processing elements including at least one function selected from the group including buffers for storing information, a feedback device for generating a feedback signal, a controller for controlling an output signal, a connection circuit for connecting the plurality of tuned segments to signal processing elements, and a feedback connection circuit for conveying signals from the plurality of signal processing elements in the array to the tuned segments.

A signal portion is extracted per frame having a specific duration from an input signal, thus generating a per-frame input signal. The per-frame input signal in the time domain is converted into a per-frame input signal in the frequency domain, thereby generating a spectral pattern of spectra. Peak spectra having peaks are detected in the spectral pattern. A harmonic spectrum is determined, in the peak spectra, having a harmonic structure showing a relationship between a fundamental pitch and a harmonic overtone.

A crystal oscillator operates at the third overtone of the crystal's fundamental frequency. A value of a shunt resistor between the two phase-shift leg nodes is chosen so that the absolute value of the product gm×(Xc1)×(Xc2) is greater than the effective reactance of the crystal, where gm is the gain of the amplifier attached to the phase-shift legs, and Xc1 and Xc2 are the effective capacitive reactances of phase-shift legs at nodes X1 and X2. The third overtone is doubled by a multiplier and the final output filtered to remove the third overtone and select a frequency six times the fundamental frequency. A pair of Colpitts or Pierce amplifier half circuits is attached to the phase-shift leg nodes. The leg nodes can be capacitively isolated from Pierce-amplifier circuit nodes to improve start-up. Frequency doubling can be performed by summing currents from the two oscillator half circuits.

An automatic music transcription apparatus that can automatically transcribe an acoustic signal produced by a single musical instrument, not only in monophonic music but also in polyphonic music, where a plurality of notes are sounded at the same time, is provided. The apparatus includes an input block for receiving an acoustic signal; an overtone-power-ratio detection block for detecting overtone-to-fundamental power ratios of an input sample acoustic signal of a musical instrument used in music to be transcribed automatically; a storage block for storing the overtone-to-fundamental power ratios; a chromatic-note-power detection block for detecting the power of each chromatic note from the acoustic signal input from the musical instrument; an overtone elimination block for subtracting, on the assumption that each chromatic note is a fundamental note, the product of the power of the fundamental note and the power ratio of each overtone corresponding to the chromatic note of the fundamental note from the power of the chromatic note of the overtone and adding the product to the power of the fundamental note, with respect to all the chromatic notes, one after another from the lowest chromatic note; a musical-notation-information detection block for detecting musical notation information by extracting a chromatic note having a power greater than or equal to a threshold level, after the overtone elimination block performs the processing; and a detection result output block for outputting the detected musical notation information to a file or the like.

This invention is for a percussion instrument that when struck produces a sustained tone. The instrument is shaped to produce a harmonious tone by tuning the appropriate overtones. The fundamental tone generated by the instruments disclosed herein are controllably tunable to within fractions of a hertz (Hz). Also disclosed are instruments that minimize and dampen unwanted overtones to generate a substantially pure tone. Also provided are related methods for generating a sustained tone as well as methods and devices for generating a beat, wherein a pair of the percussion instruments of the present invention having different tone frequencies provide the beat.

A resonance tone generation apparatus 20 is applied to an electronic musical instrument DM having a tone generator for generating, in accordance with a tone generation instruction signal having a key number n, a musical tone signal indicative of a piano sound having a key tone pitch specified by the key number. In the resonance tone generation apparatus 20, the key numbers n are assigned. The resonance tone generation apparatus 20 has a plurality of resonance tone generation circuits 30(n) each being configured to have a plurality of resonance frequencies and each retrieving a musical tone signal indicative of a musical sound of the piano and generating a musical tone signal indicative of a resonance tone which imitates a sound of strings of the piano, the sound being resonated by the piano sound indicated by the retrieved musical tone signal. The resonance tone generation apparatus 20 also has a resonance circuit setting portion 60 which allows respective resonance frequencies of the resonance tone generation circuit 30(n) to coincide with frequencies of a fundamental tone and overtones of a musical sound PS(n) generated by the tone generator in accordance with tone generation instruction information including the key number n.

An improved electro-larynx includes a linear transducer and / or an improved waveform generator. The improved electro-larynx sets up a sound wave within the pharynx of the user which closely approximates a normal glottal excitation. The linear transducer preserves the harmonic structure of a glottal source wave generated by the waveform generator and translates it into a vibration. The transducer includes an armature assembly, suspension assembly, and coupler disk coupled together to move in concert. The armature assembly vibrates as a function of the desired and input glottal source wave, which in turn causes an immediate and corresponding vibration of the coupler disk. The suspension assembly constrains armature movement to one dimension and provides additional compliance. The coupler disk includes a substantially flat surface suitable for engaging the surface of a user's throat and vibrates as a linear function of the input glottal source wave. The improved waveform generator produces a relatively good approximation of an actual glottal source waveform by preferably deriving it from actual voice data and having the effects of the modulation of the vocal tract removed. As a result, the harmonic structure of the glottal source waveform has overtones which drift in frequency, similar to normal glottal excitations. The waveform generator also allows user adjustment of the pitch and amplitude of the glottal source wave and smoothes out any distortions caused by the process of obtaining the glottal data used to generate the glottal source wave. The waveform generator bolsters the frequency response at the high end of the spectrum to compensate for any roll-off, yielding a frequency response spectrum of about 20–5 Khz. The responsiveness of the linear transducer allows the glottal source wave's pitch, amplitude, and harmonic structure to be communicated through the coupler disk and realistic glottal source waves to be transduced into the user's pharynx, resulting in the production of substantially normal speech.

The invention provides a method for quickly identifying honey varieties and adulterated honey. The method comprises determining the fluorescence emission spectrum of a honey sample and comparing response values of characteristic peaks and overtones based on a blank solution as a control to determine whether the honey is adulterated, wherein the response value is represented by peak height. The method only utilizes a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The fluorescence spectrophotometer cannot be equipped with a high-pass filter or other device for filtering overtones. The method can acquire a spectrum, can be operated through simple and fast processes, realizes detection time of only 5min from pretreatment to result production and is easy to operate.

To provide a method of measuring the viscoelasticity coefficients of a material and a device for the viscoelasticity coefficients of a material with which it is possible to represent information of the viscoelasticity of an adsorbent material with coefficients G and G which are typically used in representing viscoelasticity, and with which it is further possible to compute the viscoelasticity coefficients in real time. In a system wherein a material is adsorbed and a film formed, either upon the surface of a piezoelectric element in solution, or on a film which is fixed upon the piezoelectric element in solution, using at least two of N overtones of the piezoelectric element, and for each N overtone, employing at least two of the resonant frequency FS and half-value frequencies F1, F2 (where F2 > F1) having half the conductance value of the conductance value of the resonant frequency, the mass load term, the viscoelasticity term, the viscoelasticity term, and the viscoelasticity term are computed, and the viscoelasticity coefficients G (stored modulus portion) and G (loss modulus portion) of the film are computed.

The invention relates to a method for generating overtone, an apparatus, and a method for enhancing sound and an apparatus, particularly, the invention enhances a low sound by using a Fourier transform to replace a multi-band-pass filter with a high complexity and a high precision which is difficult to be realized, and enhances a high sound by reducing a sampling rate and a frame repetition number. The invention provides an overtone generating apparatus using Fourier transforms, which includes a Fourier transform unit for performing a Fourier transform on an inputted sound signal and outputting a Fourier coefficient value of an arbitrary frequency component of the sound signal; a sine wave generating unit for generating a sine wave signal whose size and frequency are corresponding to the Fourier coefficient value; and an overtone generating unit for generating an overtone signal of the sine wave signal.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lasers and particularly relates to an intermediate infrared gas laser of a multi-wavelength overtone cascade time sequence laser pump. The intermediate infrared gas laser comprises a pump source, a pattern matching lens, a gas chamber and a resonant cavity. The gas chamber is filled with gain medium gas. The resonant cavity comprises a laser cavity mirror which is composed of an input mirror and an output mirror. The wavelength of multi-wavelength time sequence pump pulses generated by the pump source is aligned with the overtone cascade absorption spectrum line of gain medium gas molecules. Pulse time sequence corresponds to the sequence of a cascade pump, and the pulses are injected into the resonant cavity through the pattern matching lens. The gain medium gas molecules are pumped into a highly excited level in a cascade mode through pumping pulses. The gain medium gas molecules transit to a lower energy level through spontaneous radiation cascade, the spontaneous radiation forms stimulated radiation through positive feedback provided by the resonant cavity to generate laser oscillation, and intermediate infrared light is output from the output mirror of the resonant cavity. According to the intermediate infrared gas laser, the saturated absorption effect is weakened through the cascade effect, absorption of pump energy is enhanced, and pumping efficiency is improved.

A power factor correction circuit (42 / 44) responsive to an input power supply signal at an input supply voltage (VAC) that varies largely sinusoidally with time at a fundamental supply frequency contains regulator / control circuitry (60, 62, and 64) for measuring and removing overtones (ILDm or IFWRm) in the input supply current (ILD) or in a rectified form (IFWR) of the input supply current. Each overtone is expressible as the product of an amplitude component (Im) and a sinusoidal function (Im sin [(m+1)ωACt]) that varies with time at an integer multiple of the fundamental supply frequency. The regulator / control circuitry measures an overtone by determining the overtone's amplitude component. After generating an adjustment factor (SADJ) largely as the product of that overtone's amplitude component and an associated sinusoidal function, the regulator / control circuitry adjusts the input supply current or its rectified form by an amount corresponding to the adjustment factor for each measured overtone.