347 results about "Isopentadiene" patented technology

The present invention provides methods for a robust production of isoprenoids via one or more biosynthetic pathways. The invention also provides nucleic acids, enzymes, expression vectors, and genetically modified host cells for carrying out the subject methods. The invention also provides fermentation methods for high productivity of isoprenoids from genetically modified host cells.

The present invention provides peptide conjugates that are formed between a modified lipid and a glycosyl residue and / or an amino acid residue on a peptide. The modified lipid includes a modifying group and a lipid linking group. Exemplary lipid linking groups include myristoyl, palmitoyl, and isoprenyl moieties.

The present invention provides isolated polynucleotides and isolated polypeptides. The polypeptides of the present invention have isoprenoid wax ester synthase activity or isoprenoid acyl CoA-synthetase activity. The present invention also includes methods of using the polynucleotides and polypeptides of the present invention. For instance, the methods include producing biodiesel and producing wax esters.

The present invention provides methods of producing an isoprenoid or an isoprenoid precursor in a genetically modified host cell. The methods generally involve modulating the level of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) in the cell, such that the level of HMG-CoA is not toxic to the cell and / or does not substantially inhibit cell growth, but is maintained at a level that provides for high-level production of mevalonate, IPP, and other downstream products of an isoprenoid or isoprenoid pathway, e.g., polyprenyl diphosphates and isoprenoid compounds. The present invention further provides genetically modified host cells that are suitable for use in a subject method. The present invention further provides recombinant nucleic acid constructs for use in generating a subject genetically modified host cell, including recombinant nucleic acid constructs comprising nucleotide sequences encoding one or more mevalonate pathway enzymes, and recombinant vectors (e.g., recombinant expression vectors) comprising same. The present invention further provides methods for identifying nucleic acids that encode HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) variants that provide for relief of HMG-CoA accumulation-induced toxicity. The present invention further provides methods for identifying agents that reduce intracellular accumulation of HMG-CoA.

Provided herein are methods for a robust production of isoprenoids via one or more biosynthetic pathways. Also provided herein are nucleic acids, enzymes, expression vectors, and genetically modified host cells for carrying out the subject methods. Also provided herein are fermentation methods for high productivity of isoprenoids from genetically modified host cells.

The present invention provides performance enhancing shoe components. The invented shoe component includes an upper layer of 1,4-polybutadiene and, optionally, a rubber such as natural rubber, synthetic isoprene rubber or polyisoprene. The first layer is attached to a resilient layer which extends substantially the length of the shoe. Optionally, a third layer or a coating may be attached to the resilient layer. The invented shoe components may be formed as shoe inserts, insoles, midsoles or shoe soles.

The present invention provides methods for increasing the amount of isoprene produced by cultured cells with only a minimal increase in carbon dioxide emitted, thereby resulting in process having a greater yield of isoprene relative to carbon dioxide. In addition, the present invention provides compositions that include the cultured cells or isoprene produced there from.

The invention features methods for producing isoprene from cultured cells. The invention also provides compositions that include these cultured cells. The invention provides isoprene compositions, such as compositions with increased amount of isoprene or increased purity. Additionally, the invention provides methods of producing isoprene by culturing cells under conditions suitable for isoprene production while maintaining cell viability and / or metabolic activity.

An assembly for use in or on a tire. The assembly comprises an electronic device having a body and an adhesive coating on at least the body of the electronic device. The body is at least partially made of a plastic material or a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). The adhesive coating comprises an imide-based adhesive. The adhesive coating may have a polymer bonding group comprising at least one of natural rubber, butyl rubber, a chlorinated elastomer, polybutadiene, synthetic polyisoprene, or styrene-butadiene rubber or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the assembly further comprises a first elastomeric layer and a second elastomeric layer. The adhesive coating secures the body to the first and the second elastomeric layers. The first and second elastomeric layers may comprise a butyl-containing compound or natural rubber compound. In one embodiment, the electronic device is a radio frequency identification tag having the body and an antenna.

The present invention is directed to variant squalene synthase enzymes, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae squalene synthase enzymes, and to nucleic acid molecules encoding these variant enzymes. These variant enzymes produce squalene at a lower rate than the wild-type enzyme, allowing more farnesyl pyrophosphate to be utilized for production of isoprenoid compounds, while still producing sufficient squalene to allow the S. cerevisiae cells to grow without the requirement for supplementation by sterols such as ergosterol. These variant enzymes, therefore, are highly suitable for the efficient production of isoprenoids.

The present invention provides isolated polynucleotides and isolated polypeptides. The polypeptides of the present invention have isoprenoid wax ester synthase activity or isoprenoid acyl CoA-synthetase activity. The present invention also includes methods of using the polynucleotides and polypeptides of the present invention. For instance, the methods include producing biodiesel and producing wax esters.

Provided herein are compositions and methods for improved production of acetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA derived compounds in a host cell. In some embodiments, the host cell is genetically modified to comprise a heterologous nucleotide sequence encoding a phosphoketolase (PK), and a functional disruption of an endogenous enzyme that converts acetyl phosphate to acetate. In some embodiments, the host cell further comprises a heterologous nucleotide sequence encoding a phosphotransacetylase (PTA). In some embodiments, the enzyme that converts acetyl phosphate to acetate is a glycerol-1-phosphatase. In some embodiments, the glycerol-1-phosphatase is GPP1 / RHR2. In some embodiments, the glycerol-1-phosphatase is GPP2 / HOR2. The compositions and methods described herein provide an efficient route for the heterologous production of acetyl-CoA-derived compounds, including but not limited to, isoprenoids, polyketides, and fatty acids.

The invention provides for methods for the production of mevalonate, isoprene, isoprenoid precursor molecules, and / or isoprenoids in cells via the heterologous expression of phosphoketolase enzymes.

Genes have been isolated from Methylomonas 16a sp. encoding the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway. The genes and gene products are the first isolated from a Methylomonas strain that is capable of utilizing single carbon (C1) substrates as energy sources. The genes and gene products of the present invention may be used in a variety of ways for the production of isoprenoid compounds in a variety of organisms.

The invention discloses a rare earth catalytic system based high-cis styrene / isoprene / butadiene ternary polymer and its preparation method. The polymer is characterized in that the polymer comprises 5-70wt% of styrene, 10-70wt% of butadiene, 10-70wt% of isoprene, 70-98wt% of 1,4-polyisoprene, 70-98wt% of 1,4-polybutadiene, and 35wt% or more of cis-1,4-polybutadiene; and the rare earth catalytic system does not contain organic aluminoxane, and comprises a rare earth neodymium carboxylate, alkyl aluminum, a chloralkane and a conjugated diolefin. The ternary polymer disclosed in the invention has the characteristics of high styrene content, high cis-structure content, high irregular distribution, narrow molecular weight distribution and the like.

A non-toxic biologically active compound is provided having the following general formula (I): wherein n is an integer from 1 to 14, preferably from 2 to 4, and R is an organic moiety, preferably a group different from but structurally substantially similar to 2-methyl naphthoquinone, or a group P—C(R1)—P, where each P stands for a—PO(OH)2 group and R1 is a (poly)isoprenyl group, hydroxy, halogen (preferably chloro or bromo), or hydrogen, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof. These compounds are useful for the treatment or prevention of certain disorders in a mammal, especially a human being, for example postmenopausal loss of bone in women, juvenile or senile osteoporosis in men and women, cardiovascular calcification and other ectopic calcifications.

Isobutene, isoprene, and butadiene are obtained from mixtures of C4 and / or C5 olefins by dehydrogenation. The C4 and / or C5 olefins can be obtained by dehydration of C4 and C5 alcohols, for example, renewable C4 and C5 alcohols prepared from biomass by thermochemical or fermentation processes. Isoprene or butadiene can be polymerized to form polymers such as polyisoprene, polybutadiene, synthetic rubbers such as butyl rubber, etc. in addition, butadiene can be converted to monomers such as methyl methacrylate, adipic acid, adiponitrile, 1,4-butadiene, etc. which can then be polymerized to form nylons, polyesters, polymethylmethacrylate etc.

The present invention provides synthetic polyisoprenes having a high cis-1,4 linkage content and a process for their preparation. The synthetic polyisoprenes according to the invention have a cis-1,4 linkage content, measured by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and / or medium-wave infrared radiation analysis, of greater than 99.0%. The process for the preparation of these synthetic polyisoprenes involve polymerizing, at a temperature of 0° C. or lower, isoprene in the presence of a catalytic system based on: a) a conjugated diene monomer, b) an organic phosphoric acid salt of one or more rare earth, c) an alkylaluminium alkylating agent of the formula AlR3 or HAlR2, and d) a halogen donor consisting of an alkylaluminium halide, wherein the salt is suspended in at least one inert, saturated aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent and the alkylating agent:rare earth salt molar ratio ranges from 1 to 5.

Disclosed are the uses of specific genes of the mevalonate and isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways, and of inactive gene sites (the pseudogene) to (1) enhance biosynthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate, dimethylallyl diphosphate and isoprenoid pathway derived products in the plastids of transgenic plants and microalgae, (2) create novel antibiotic resistant transgenic plants and microalgae, and (3) create a novel selection system and / or targeting sites for mediating the insertion of genetic material into plant and microalgae plastids. The specific polynucleotides to be used, solely or in any combination thereof, are publicly available from GeneBank and contain open reading frames having sequences that upon expression will produce active proteins with the following enzyme activities: (a) acetoacetyl CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9), (b) 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase (EC 4.1.3.5), (c) HMG-CoA reductase (EC 1.1.1.34), (d) mevalonate kinase (EC 2.7.1.36), (e) phosphomevalonate kinase (EC 2.7.4.2), (f) mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.33), (g) isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) isomerase (EC 5.3.3.2), and (h) phytoene synthase (EC 2.5.1.32).

A process is described for obtaining, from an “FCC” initial C5 fraction, a final C5 fraction which is enriched with isoprene and purified and usable for the selective polymerization of isoprene. A process is also described for obtaining an isoprene homopolymer from a polymerization medium comprising isoprene and at least one methyl butene, such as said “FCC” C5 fraction which is enriched with isoprene and purified. The process of obtaining the final fraction from the initial C5 fraction includes: a catalytic hydrogenation reaction of said initial C5 fraction by a palladium-based catalyst, which produces an intermediate C5 fraction comprising n-pentenes in a mass ratio which is less than 0,1% and methyl butanes; a dehydrogenation reaction applied to the intermediate C5 fraction, which includes methyl butanes to produce the final fraction, and purification of the final fraction to obtain a purified fraction which is practically devoid of disubstituted alkynes, true alkynes and cyclopentadiene, and the mass fraction of the methyl butenes in the intermediate fraction is <30%. The process for obtaining an isoprene homopolymer includes the step of reacting, in the presence of isoprene and at least one methyl butene, a catalytic system based on a conjugated diene, a rare earth salt of an organic phosphoric acid in suspension, an alkylating agent, and a halogen donor.

The invention discloses compositions for the preservation of fruits, vegetables, partially processed products, other produce and followers. The compositions comprise at least one phospholipase D inhibitor, at least one compound comprising an isoprene subunit, at least one component of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in a suitable medium. The composition of the present invention may additionally comprise one or more plant growth regulators of the cytokinin type, one or more antioxidants, a membrane stabilizing agent, a surfactant, or any combination thereof. The composition may be applied to produce as a spray, drench, dip, or a vapour and at either the pre-harvest stage or post-harvest stage.

The present invention is directed to variant squalene synthase enzymes, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae squalene synthase enzymes, and to nucleic acid molecules encoding these variant enzymes. These variant enzymes produce squalene at a lower rate than the wild-type enzyme, allowing more farnesyl pyrophosphate to be utilized for production of isoprenoid compounds, while still producing sufficient squalene to allow the S. cerevisiae cells to grow without the requirement for supplementation by sterols such as ergosterol. These variant enzymes, therefore, are highly suitable for the efficient production of isoprenoids.

Methods of treatment and prophylaxis of various diseases and disorders, and in particular diseases and disorders of lipid and bone metabolism, involving the administration of prenyl transferase (farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase) and / or isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase inhibitor compounds are disclosed.

Provided are methods of preparing polymers, such as polyisoprene, polybutadiene, polypiperylene, polycyclohexadiene, poly-β-farnesene, or poly-β-myrcene, using iron complexes. Also provided are novel iron complexes, pre-catalysts, intermediates, and ligands useful in the inventive polymerization system.

An automatic hot-melt lamp adhesive for plastic, metal and glass automobile lamps comprises the following components in percent by mass: 20-30% of styrene-isopentadiene-styrene block copolymer with styrene content of 14-16%, 2030% of styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene block copolymer with styrene content of 30-33%, 25-35% of tackifying resin, 5-10% of light calcium carbonate, 5-10% of thermoelectric blast furnace fly ash, 3-8% of process additive, 2-5% of plasticizer and 0.5-1% of antioxidant. The materials sequentially added into a horizontal kneading machine according to a proportion for heating and kneading, injected in a square mould for molding and encapsulated by using release paper after cooled to demould. The automatic hot-melt lam lamp adhesive has the advantages of high bonding strength, good vibration resistance, low cost and environmental protection, and the like.

In accordance with the present invention, a novel aromatic prenyltransferase, Orf2 from Streptomyces sp. strain CL190, involved in naphterpin biosynthesis has been identified and the structure thereof elucidated. This prenyltransferase catalyzes the formation of a C—C bond between a prenyl group and a compound containing an aromatic nucleus, and also displays C—O bond formation activity. Numerous crystallographic structures of the prenyltransferase have been solved and refined, e.g., (1) prenyltransferase complexed with a buffer molecule (TAPS), (2) prenyltransferase as a binary complex with geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and Mg2+, and prenyltransferase as ternary complexes with a non-hydrolyzable substrate analogue, geranyl S-thiolodiphosphate (GSPP) and either (3) 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene (1,6-DHN), or (4) flaviolin (i.e., 2,5,7-trihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, which is the oxidized product of 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene (THN)). These structures have been solved and refined to 1.5 Å, 2.25 Å, 1.95 Å and 2.02 Å, respectively. This first structure of an aromatic prenyltransferase displays an unexpected and non-canonical (β / α)-barrel architecture. The complexes with both aromatic substrates and prenyl containing substrates and analogs delineate the active site and are consistent with a proposed electrophilic mechanism of prenyl group transfer. These structures also provide a mechanistic basis for understanding prenyl chain length determination and aromatic co-substrate recognition in this structurally unique family of aromatic prenyltransferases. This structural information is useful for predicting the aromatic prenyltransferase activity of proteins.

The invention provides a rare earth complex shown in formula (I) and a preparation method thereof and a rare earth catalyst system. The invention further provides a preparation method of butadiene-isoprene copolymer. The rare earth catalyst system is used for preparing the butadiene-isoprene copolymer. The rare earth catalyst system comprises alkyl benzene sulfonic acid rare earth complex and aluminum alkyl, so that the catalyst system does not contain halogen and does not have a corrosion action, and is environment friendly during the process of preparing the butadiene-isoprene copolymer. Experimental results show that the content of cis-1,4 in butadiene and isoprene of the butadiene-isoprene copolymer prepared by the rare earth catalyst system is larger than 95%.