The invention discloses a multiwave beam-based depth-sounding joint inversion method for a sound velocity profile and a
submarine topography. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) transmitting multiwave beams to the seafloor of a sounded sea area through a transmitting
transducer array of a multiwave-beam
depth sounding system, and receiving echo signals through a receiving
transducer array of the multiwave-beam
depth sounding system; (2) obtaining the arrival angle and the
arrival time of echoes according to the received echo signals by using the multiwave-beam
depth sounding system; (3) establishing a
state space model formed by using a state equation and a sounding equation; (4) obtaining inversion values of the sound velocity gradient and the seafloor depth of the sounded sea area by using a
sequential filter method according to the established
state space model and the arrival angle and the
arrival time of received echoes, and obtaining an estimate of the sound velocity profile of the sounded sea area by using the inversion value of the sound velocity gradient; and further, calculating the
water temperature profile of the sounded sea area by using the estimate of the sound velocity profile. According to the multiwave beam-based depth-sounding joint inversion method for the sound velocity profile and the
submarine topography, disclosed by the invention, the estimates of the sound velocity profile and the depth of the seafloor can be obtained quickly and accurately.