547 results about "Spectrum band" patented technology

The present invention provides a new non-invasive technique for organ, e.g., heart and lung, monitoring. In at least one embodiment of the invention, a subject is radiated with a non-harmful and relatively low power electromagnetic source diagnostic signal normally associated with a communications protocol such as, but not limited to a version of the IEEE 802.11(x) family of protocols in the 2.4, 3.6, or 5 GHz spectrum bands. After passing through the patient, a return signal is acquired from the patient and compared to the original source signal. The differences between the source and modified signals are then analyzed to monitor the heart, e.g., measure heart rate and detect defects within the heart, and the lung. For example, using Doppler Effect principles, heart rate and motion can be measured from the differences in frequency, phase, and / or wavelength between the source signal and the modified signal reflected back from the heart moving within the patient.

Apparatus and method for increasing the sensitivity in the detection of optical coherence tomography and low coherence interferometry (“LCI”) signals by detecting a parallel set of spectral bands, each band being a unique combination of optical frequencies. The LCI broad bandwidth source is split into N spectral bands. The N spectral bands are individually detected and processed to provide an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of N. Each spectral band is detected by a separate photo detector and amplified. For each spectral band the signal is band pass filtered around the signal band by analog electronics and digitized, or, alternatively, the signal may be digitized and band pass filtered in software. As a consequence, the shot noise contribution to the signal is reduced by a factor equal to the number of spectral bands. The signal remains the same. The reduction of the shot noise increases the dynamic range and sensitivity of the system.

Apparatus and method for increasing the sensitivity in the detection of optical coherence tomography and low coherence interferometry (“LCI”) signals by detecting a parallel set of spectral bands, each band being a unique combination of optical frequencies. The LCI broad bandwidth source is split into N spectral bands. The N spectral bands are individually detected and processed to provide an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of N. Each spectral band is detected by a separate photo detector and amplified. For each spectral band the signal is band pass filtered around the signal band by analog electronics and digitized, or, alternatively, the signal may be digitized and band pass filtered in software. As a consequence, the shot noise contribution to the signal is reduced by a factor equal to the number of spectral bands. The signal remains the same. The reduction of the shot noise increases the dynamic range and sensitivity of the system.

Techniques are described for wireless communication. A first method includes generating uplink control information at a wireless device, and transmitting the uplink control information over an interlace of a component carrier of an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. The interlace includes a plurality of non-contiguous concurrent resource blocks in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, and at least two resource blocks in the interlace include different portions of the uplink control information. A second method includes generating uplink control information at a wireless device, and transmitting the uplink control information over an uplink control channel of an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. Resources of the uplink control channel are divided into a plurality of discrete dimensions and the uplink control information of the wireless device is transmitted over a number of the discrete dimensions allocated to the uplink control information of the wireless device.

A method and apparatus for simultaneously communicating on at least two carrier frequencies, of which at least one carrier frequency is a licensed band and at least one carrier frequency is an unlicensed band are provided. The method includes broadcasting an operating status of the unlicensed band to a receiver device; collecting feedback data regarding channel conditions from the receiver device for both the licensed band and unlicensed band; determining, when a bandwidth request is received from the receiver device, whether to use the unlicensed band based on the channel conditions; transmitting an unlicensed band scheduling indication to the receiver device; and communicating with the receiver device using both the licensed band and the unlicensed band according to the transmitted unlicensed band scheduling indication.

The invention discloses an LED optical parameter comprehensive testing device, belonging to the technical field of optical parameter measurement. The LED optical parameter comprehensive testing device is technically characterized in that one end of a horizontal base provided with a one-dimensional mobile platform is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped clamp provided with a fiber-optic probe and astandard luminosity probe, the other end of the horizontal base is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped light collector consisting of an arc fiber-optic array and a linear array CCD (Charge Coupled Device), and a rotary clamping table for holding an LED to be tested is arranged on the one-dimensional mobile platform; light information acquired by the fiber-optic probe is converted into a spectrum band by a spectrograph and then is sent into a computer, outputs of the standard luminosity probe and the linear array CCD are sent to the computer through the data acquisition unit, the computer performs corresponding processing and operation on measurement data through measurement software to finally obtain the luminescence characteristics of the LED to be tested. According to the invention, theproblem on comprehensively measuring the LED on a single measurement instrument is solved; and the LED optical parameter comprehensive testing device has the characteristics of simplicity for operation, compact structure, fastness for measurement, easiness for realization and the like.

Channel state information (CSI) and acknowledgement (ACK) reporting enhancements in Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) enabling communications over an unlicensed spectrum are disclosed. For example, ACK / NAK may include unlicensed spectrum interference information, such as WIFI interference. Additionally, in anticipation of a future downlink transmission, UEs may report WiFI interference to base stations absent a current downlink transmission. Also, CSI-RS and / or IMR resources may be staggered across subframes and / or within slots of subframes. Further, CSI reporting may include separate reports for CSI-RS resources that experience unlicensed spectrum interference and interference free CSI-RS resources. Still further, CSI reports may include a request to the base station to switch the current channel or band. Finally, inter-RAT ACK and CSI reporting may be provided on a second unlicensed spectrum band, such as a WIFI band, for a first unlicensed spectrum band, such as an LTE / LTE-A unlicensed band.

Backhaul traffic reliability is improved in unlicensed spectrum bands by using cross-protocol channel sensing and reservation. Physical carrier sensing may be employed to scan channel quality of a plurality of carriers of an unlicensed spectrum band and select a carrier for use in a wireless backhaul communications link between a first base station and a second base station based on the scanned channel quality. The described features may further include the first base station transmitting a self-addressed reservation frame on the selected first carrier prior to transmission of backhaul data from the first base station to the second base station over the first carrier.

Techniques are described for wireless communication. A first method includes receiving from a base station an indication of a set of one or more uplink interlaces of an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band allocated for a sounding reference signal, and transmitting the sounding reference signal for a user equipment (UE) over the indicated set of one or more uplink interlaces of the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. A second method includes receiving an indication of an interlace of an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band allocated for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, and transmitting a scheduling request and a buffer status report over the indicated interlace.

As no single wireless network can provide both broadband high-speed radio transmission and seamless full mobility for commercial wireless communications in terms of technology, cost, spectrum and performance, a new wireless converged network access infrastructure based on Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) has been disclosed, wherein the spectrum is separated into low spectrum band (LSB) for wide area seamless mobility networks and high spectrum band (HSB) for very high-speed broadband wireless access systems in order to maximize the spectrum utilization efficiency for the converged multiple wireless access networks of the fully service-oriented wireless communications including multimedia broadcast and multicast service.

The inventive embodiment provides a method and a device for transmitting and receiving a client signal in optical transport network, belonging to the field of optical transport network. The transmitting method comprises: mapping the received client signal to a container OTU-N with a variable rate, which is N times the preset reference rate grade, wherein N is a configurable positive integer according to requirement; dividing the container OTU-N with the variable rate into N photon channel transmission units OTUsub according to columns, the rate of each OTUsub being equal to the reference rate grade; modulating the N photon channel transmission units OTUsub to a one-channel or multi-channel optical carrier; and transmitting the one-channel or multi-channel optical carriers on the same optical fiber. The method provided by the invention is adaptive to the change in spectral bandwidth of an optical layer by mapping the client signal to the container OTU-N with the variable rate and by transmitting the OTU-N through the same optical fiber, thereby realizing optimized configuration of the bandwidth resources of the optical transport network.

Techniques are described for wireless communication. A first method includes generating a first type of synchronization signal based at least in part on a first type of transmission in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, and generating a second type of synchronization signal based at least in part on a second type of transmission in the shared radio frequency spectrum band. The second type of synchronization signal is different from the first type of synchronization signal. A second method includes receiving a synchronization signal associated with a type of transmission in a shared radio frequency spectrum band; determining a type of the synchronization signal; and determining one or more cell parameters based at least in part on the synchronization signal.

The invention relates to a semiconductor optical reflector serving in particular for being disposed facing an integrated laser cavity so as to feed light back into said cavity, and enable it to oscillate continuously. The reflector is made up of a plurality of cascaded Bragg reflector sections. More particularly, said sections are of the same length L and have the same coupling coefficient, and the length L of each pair of sections is given by the following relationship:L= lambda 2 / [(ni+1+ni)x1.7(ni+1 LAMBDA i+1-ni LAMBDA i)]where lambda is the mean value of the Bragg wavelengths reflected by the reflector; ni+1 and ni are the respective effective refractive indices of said adjacent sections; and LAMBDA i+1 and LAMBDA i are the respective periods of said adjacent sections. The reflector of the invention has a wide spectrum band independent of the value of the coupling coefficient.

Techniques are described for wireless communication. A first method includes determining that a first node associated with a first operator in a deployment of operators has emergency data to transmit over an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band and transmitting, by the first node, a signal over the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. The signal may indicate that the first node has emergency data to transmit. A second method includes receiving, at a first base station associated with a first operator in a deployment of operators, an uplink transmission from a user equipment (UE) indicating that the UE has emergency uplink data to transmit over an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band and transmitting, by the first base station, an indication to a second base station that the UE has emergency uplink data to transmit over the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band.

Techniques are described for wireless communication. One method includes identifying a priority parameter associated with data to be transmitted on an uplink carrier; selecting, based at least in part on the identified priority parameter, between a first type of message for requesting uplink resources in a shared radio frequency spectrum band or a dedicated radio frequency spectrum band, or a second type of message for requesting uplink resources in the dedicated radio frequency spectrum band; and transmitting the selected type of message.

The invention relates to a spectral reflectance peak decomposition based quantitative inversion method of the hyperspectral remote sensing mineral content. The method comprises the seven steps of: 1. reading data in; 2. intercepting a reflection peak band; 3. converting a reflectance spectrum and an absorption spectrum; 4. carrying out continuum removal on the spectrums; 5. linearly decomposing the spectrums to obtain the mineral spectrum decomposition content; 6. establishing a statistical relationship between the mineral spectrum decomposition content and the real content; and 7. converting the calculated mineral spectrum decomposition content in the step 5 into the real mineral content according to the established statistical relationship in the step 6. The invention can not only be applied to hyperspectral data which is not covered by a mineral absorption spectrum band, but also can be used for hyperspectral data which is covered by the mineral absorption spectrum band in the spectrum band range, carries out quantitative mineral content inversion by comprehensively applying a spectral reflectance peak and an absorption spectrum band and improves the inversion precision and the inversion accuracy. The invention has practical value and broad application potential in the field of hyperspectral remote sensing mineral identification.

A device may determine that an unlicensed radio frequency (RF) spectrum band is available for a communication. The device may transmit a first transmission indicator that indicates that the device is transmitting information via the unlicensed RF spectrum band. The first transmission indicator may be associated with a first radio access technology. The device may transmit a second transmission indicator that indicates that the device is transmitting information via the unlicensed RF spectrum band. The second transmission indicator may be associated with a second radio access technology that is different from the first radio access technology.

The present invention provides a system and method to enhance speech intelligibility and improve the detection rate of automatic speech recognizer in noisy environments. The present invention reduces an acoustically coupled loudspeaker signal from a plurality of microphone signals to enhance a near end user speech signal. A decision unit checks a system configuration parameter to determine if the cleaned speech is intended for human communication and / or Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). A formant emphasis filer and a spectrum band reconstruction unit are used to further enhance the speech quality and improve the ASR recognition rate. The present invention can also apply to devices which has a foreground microphone(s) and a background microphone(s).

The present invention discloses a method, an apparatus and a computer program for resource contention in device-to-device communication links. The method partitions the time-frequency radio resource grid with a resource block set forming the resource unit in the grid, for all available, used and unusable frequency bands around a given virtual central frequency. Each resource block set is partitioned into a common control channel and a data channel. With a given procedure of control data transmission between transmitting and receiving user terminals, the resources are competed and shared. Frequency shifting with short distance frequency change or frequency transference with a larger frequency hopping into a free radio resource is available. The competition procedure is done in order to fairly share the frequency bands as a function of time between different device-to-device communication links in a localized manner.

Techniques are described for wireless communication. One method includes winning a contention for access to an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, transmitting a request message upon winning the contention for access to the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, and receiving a response message over the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. The request message is transmitted by a user equipment (UE) on an enhanced physical random access channel (ePRACH), to access a cell that operates in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. The response message is received in response to transmitting the request message.

The invention relates to an ultra-sensitive time resolution imaging spectrometer which comprises an optics unit and an electricity unit. The optics unit comprises an incidence slit, a light beam expander collimation part, an optics imaging part, a first space light modulator, a second light modulator, a concave mirror, a grating beam split part and a convergence light collecting part. The electricity unit comprises a first random number generator, a second random number generator, a single photon point detector, a counter, a time measuring meter, a control module, a data package storer and a compression sensing module. Pianissimo light to be measured incidence is changed to parallel light through the light beam expander collimation part, a transmission optical imaging component is imaged on the first space light modulator which conducts random modulating, the concave mirror enables the incident light to be reflected, collimated and changed to the parallel light, the grating beam split part is hit by the concave mirror to form a spectral field, a spectrum band is formed on the second light modulator which conducts random modulation for the spectrum band, the convergence light collecting part filter stray light, and after filtering, the light is transmitted on the single photon point detector.

Measurement and demodulation may be impacted by varying transmit power due to varying numbers of carriers in a shared radio frequency (RF) spectrum band. Methods, systems, and devices are described for wireless communication. One method includes monitoring at least one carrier of a RF spectrum band for a first reference signal transmitted in a number of listen-before-talk (LBT) radio frames from a plurality of LBT radio frames associated with the plurality of carriers, where the plurality of LBT radio frames are received at the user equipment (UE) in different sets of at least one carrier of the RF spectrum band at different times, and where the first reference signal is associated with a first fixed transmit power; receiving a plurality of instances of the first reference signal; measuring the plurality of instances; and determining a cell measurement based at least in part on the measurements of the plurality of instances.

A frequency domain optical coherent tomography method with large detection depth and a system are provided. The system adopts a folding spectrum detection method to realize the spectrum detection of broadband with high resolution. The thought is that a broadband spectrum with the bandwidth of Delta Lambada is folded into a plurality of narrow wavelength windows of Delta Lambada 1, Delta Lambada 2-, delta Lambada n. High resolution detection is realized on every spectrum band. Then, all spectrum bands are synthesized into a broadband through splicing. The folding of the spectrum bands is realized through a combined diffraction grating. A rotating sub-grating regulates the incident angle im of the incident light to every grating, which leads to that the diffraction light direction of the relative wavelength window Delta Lambada m of every sub-grating is distributed within the same range. Then, the diffraction lights of all spectrum bands are focused on the detection surface of a spectrum detection array through a toroidal focusing mirror. Through the spectrum folding, the invention increases the effective detection pixel number N of the spectrum detection and improves the detection depth of the optical coherent tomography system and the signal-noise ratio of chromatogram.

The invention discloses an integrated modeling method for an infrared radiation characteristic of a complicated target. A bidirectional reflection distribution function model of infrared radiation on the surface of the complicated target and an infrared radiation model of non-uniform tail flame gas are considered based on a radiometry spectral ray tracking method; in a ray tracking process, the pixel on the focal plane of a detector is sampled, thus generating ray bundles, and an intersection between each ray and the complicated target in a scene is calculated; a radiation reflection value of each intersection is calculated, and the radiation brightness obtained by all the rays of the pixel is subjected to sampling and reconstruction, thus obtaining the radiation brightness with a spectral form at the pixel of the detector; finally, a required infrared spectrum band is integrated, thus obtaining a target infrared radiation characteristic value received by the detector. According to the integrated modeling method, the spectral ray tracking method runs through the whole solving process, and a solving model suitable for a ray tracking form is constructed, so that the integrated modeling method is suitable for infrared radiation characteristic simulation of a tail-flame-containing complicated target aircraft under a specific flying state.