970 results about "Heat output" patented technology

The invention comprises use of Dynamically Switchable Bypass (DSB) elements in association with one or more Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) in arrays for illumination circuits to provide rugged, reliable lighting. The DSBs are selected from Transient Voltage Suppressors, including Silicon, Metal Oxide Varistors, and Multi Layer Varistors as well as Zener Diodes. The DSBs are not used as circuit protecting devices, but rather as alternative paths for electric current to bypass failed LEDs. Bi-directional TVSs are used as alternative electric paths for circuits using Alternating Current (AC) and parallel LED arrays that light on both phases of AC. Zener Diodes are used in parallel to, but in the opposite polarity orientation to, one or more LEDs in DC or rectified AC circuits. The inventive paired DSB / LED elements overcomes the black-out problems of prior series LED illumination systems, making possible the use of robust LEDs in illumination systems where reliability, long life, low power consumption, low heat output, resistance to shock, vibration, and humidity, and self-diagnosis are important. The DSB elements have breakdown voltages slightly higher than the LED(s) they support, so that when an LED fails, the conduction through the DSB begins. Because the conduction voltage of the DSB so nearly matches the conduction voltage of the LED(s), the remainder of the circuit continues to function as normal. The system is self-diagnostic in that any LED failure presents itself as a dark LED rather than as a whole string of dark LEDs. DSBs may be used with incandescent bulbs.

Certain embodiments provide a heater. The heater includes a ferromagnetic member. The heater also includes an electrical conductor electrically coupled to the ferromagnetic member. The electrical conductor is configured to conduct a majority of time-varying electrical current passing through the heater at about 25° C. The heater is configured to provide a first heat output below the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic member. The heater is configured to automatically provide a second heat output approximately at and above the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic member. The second heat output is reduced compared to the first heat output.

Certain embodiments provide a system including a heater. The heater includes one or more electrical conductors. The heater is configured to generate a heat output during application of electrical current to the heater. The heater includes a ferromagnetic material. A conduit at least partially surrounds the heater. A fluid is located in a space between the heater and the conduit. The fluid has a higher thermal conductivity than air at standard temperature and pressure (STP) (0° C. and 101.325 kPa). The system is configured to provide (a) a first heat output below a selected temperature when time-varying electrical current is applied to the heater, and (b) a second heat output near or above the selected temperature when time-varying electrical current is applied to the heater.

Certain embodiments provide a heater. The heater includes an inner electrical conductor. A heater section at least partially surrounds the inner electrical conductor. The heater section is configured to generate an electrically resistive heat output during application of time-varying electrical current to the heater section. The heater section includes ferromagnetic material. An outer electrical conductor at least partially surrounds the heater section. An applied time-varying electrical current is configured to propagate through the inner electrical conductor and the outer electrical conductor in substantially the same direction. The applied time-varying electrical current is configured to propagate through the heater section in a substantially opposite direction. The heater provides a first heat output when time-varying electrical current is applied to the heater below a selected temperature, and a second heat output approximately at and above the selected temperature during use. The second heat output is reduced compared to the first heat output.

Certain embodiments provide a method for treating a hydrocarbon containing formation. The method includes applying electrical current to one or more electrical conductors located in an opening in the formation to provide an electrically resistive heat output. The heat is allowed to transfer from the electrical conductors to a part of the formation containing hydrocarbons so that a viscosity of fluids in the part and at or near the opening in the formation is reduced. Gas is provided at one or more locations in the opening such that the fluids are lifted in the opening towards the surface of the formation. The fluids are produced through the opening.

A cooking appliance includes a controller for establishing a plurality of operating modes for heating an oven cavity. Specifically, the controller establishes one of a pre-heat mode, a ready mode, a first low power mode and a second low power mode for controlling a temperature of the oven cavity. Upon selecting a temperature for the oven cavity, the controller operates a radiant heating device, a convection fan and a convection heating device at full power to establish the selected temperature. After the selected temperature is achieved, the controller switches to a ready mode and reduces heat output of both the radiant heating device and the convection heating device, while also reducing fan speed. After respective periods of time in which a door of the appliance is not opened, the controller switches to first and second low power modes to conserve energy.

Systems, methods, and computer-implemented embodiments consistent with the inventions herein are directed to storing and / or transferring heat. In one exemplary implementation, there is provided a system for transferring / storing heat comprised of a heat exchange / storage apparatus including a chamber, and a heat input device adapted to heat / provide a vapor into the chamber. Other exemplary implementations may include one or more features consistent with a heat output device through which a working medium / fluid passes, a thermal storage medium located within the chamber, and / or a heat exchange system that delivers a heat exchange medium / fluid to the thermal storage medium.

A self-balancing temperature control device for an integrated circuit (IC) includes a heat sink attached to the IC having thermomorphic fins or vanes. When the IC increases its heat output, the fins or vanes warm up and change their shape in a manner that increases the rate at which heat is removed from the IC.

A data output control circuit controls a data output in a read operation. A data output control method includes a count shifting mode and a delay mode and can be used in low and high frequency operations, so that a data output can be stably controlled in a broad frequency range. The data output control circuit includes: a low frequency mode controller a high frequency mode controller and a selector selecting any one of first and second command signals through CAS latency information to be output as a data output control signal.

This invention provides a system and method for cogeneration of building heat and electric power and that efficiently interfaces a warm air heating system with a liquid-cooled electric power generator. The system and method utilizes an electric generator that is rated at near the time-averaged electric power consumption for the building. This generator is operated as the priority source of heat for the building, but normally only when there is a demand for heat in building. In this manner, the generator can run to generate a significant part of the building's electric power but in a manner that is typically supplemented in variable quantities by power from a public power grid. The heat output is directed via a liquid coolant circuit on the generator, as needed, to the warm air heating unit for the building. The warm air heating unit blows return air through a cabinet and out to the supply duct(s). The warm liquid coolant is directed through a primary heat exchanger in the cabinet. The air is passed over this primary heat exchanger to provide heat to the building. When heat from primary heat exchanger is insufficient to heat the building fully, an auxiliary heater, operated typically by burning fuel, supplements the heat through one or more auxiliary heat exchangers arranged in line along the airflow path with the primary heat exchanger. The blower that directs the airflow is controlled variably in speed to create the most efficient use of electric power by the blower and a desirable heated air delivery temperature.

A system and method for maximizing the value of power generated by a residential power generator. A home energy manager device is configured to implement a minimum energy usage profile during a peak demand event such that a maximum amount of power generated by the consumer can be sold back to the utility. For renewable energy sources such as solar cells, peak demand events often correspond with peak output of the renewable energy source. For example, hot sunny summer days are conducive to maximum solar power output and, typically, also result in maximum power demand for powering air conditioners.

This invention provides a system and method for cogeneration of building heat and electric power and that efficiently interfaces a warm air heating system with a liquid-cooled electric power generator. The system and method utilizes an electric generator that is rated at near the time-averaged electric power consumption for the building. This generator is operated as the priority source of heat for the building, but normally only when there is a demand for heat in building. In this manner, the generator can run to generate a significant part of the building's electric power but in a manner that is typically supplemented in variable quantities by power from a public power grid. The heat output is directed via a liquid coolant circuit on the generator, as needed, to the warm air heating unit for the building. The warm air heating unit blows return air through a cabinet and out to the supply duct(s). The warm liquid coolant is directed through a primary heat exchanger in the cabinet. The air is passed over this primary heat exchanger to provide heat to the building. When heat from primary heat exchanger is insufficient to heat the building fully, an auxiliary heater, operated typically by burning fuel, supplements the heat through one or more auxiliary heat exchangers arranged in line along the airflow path with the primary heat exchanger. The blower that directs the airflow is controlled variably in speed to create the most efficient use of electric power by the blower and a desirable heated air delivery temperature.

Systems, methods, and computer-implemented embodiments consistent with the inventions herein are directed to storing and / or transferring heat. In one exemplary implementation, there is provided a system for transferring / storing heat comprised of a heat exchange / storage apparatus including a chamber, and a heat input device adapted to heat / provide a vapor into the chamber. Other exemplary implementations may include one or more features consistent with a heat output device through which a working medium / fluid passes, a thermal storage medium located within the chamber, and / or a heat exchange system that delivers a heat exchange medium / fluid to the thermal storage medium.

In an internal combustion engine fuel system having a membrane separator for separating a primary fuel into a high octane fuel and a low octane fuel, and wherein the primary fuel is heated for separation in the membrane separator, the improvement comprising a heat pipe having an evaporator section positioned to be in the heat exchange relationship with exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine under conditions of use; and a heat output area in heat exchange relationship with a primary fuel as it is fed into the separator whereby the primary fuel is heated. In one embodiment the heat pipe is a variable conductance heat pipe having a top operating temperature not greater than about 160° C.

This invention discloses systems and methods for control of a gas turbine or a gas turbine generator, where the gas turbine is connected to a dryer vessel in which gas turbine exhaust gases are used to heat treat a material in the dryer vessel. The control system comprises one or more sensors for temperature, moisture and / or flow rate in the dryer vessel and / or of the material inside, entering and / or exiting the dryer vessel and a controller responsive to the sensor for controlling the fuel and / or air flow into the gas turbine. This control system and method enables providing the appropriate heat output from the gas turbine to meet the process heat required for the desired material treatment. Optionally, the gas turbine can be a liquid fuel turbine engine, or a reciprocating engine can be substituted for the turbine engine.

The invention is generally an electrical heating device for water pipes, and more specifically, a device for enabling a water pipe with electrical heating, which ignites or vaporizes aromatic substances via an electric-powered heating element. In exemplary embodiments, the device includes a housing that keeps the device's circuitry in thermal isolation from the heating element. The housing of the device may include openings to allow proper airflow and may be adapted for secure placement on top of the bowl of a water pipe. The device is placed on top of a bowl containing an aromatic substance, and a heating element is thereby placed in close proximity or in contact with the aromatic substance. Upon generating a heat output, the aromatic substance may be either vaporized or ignited for inhalation. Users may simply turn the device on and enjoy their experience.

A head gimbal assembly having a suspension and a read / write head is provided. The read write head is attached to a flexure tongue of the suspension. Heating elements on arms of the suspension, set on either side of the suspension tongue, are used to alter flight characteristics of the read / write read such as pitch and roll. Due to differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials that comprise the arms, the arms bend when heated. Varying the heat output of the heating elements changes the temperatures of the arms, which changes the degree to which the arms are bent. The heating elements can be portions of traces in a trace layer. Control circuitry is provided to control the heating of the heating elements to maintain desired values of the flight characteristics.

A method and apparatus for combustion of a fuel in which a first-stage fuel and a first-stage oxidant are introduced into a combustion chamber and ignited, forming a primary combustion zone. At least about 5% of the total heat output produced by combustion of the first-stage fuel and the first-stage oxidant is removed from the primary combustion zone, forming cooled first-stage combustion products. A portion of the cooled first-stage combustion products from a downstream region of the primary combustion zone is recirculated to an upstream region of primary combustion zone. A second-stage fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber downstream of the primary combustion zone and ignited, forming a secondary combustion zone. At least about 5% of the heat from the secondary combustion zone is removed. In accordance with one embodiment, a third-stage oxidant is introduced into the combustion chamber downstream of the secondary combustion zone, forming a tertiary combustion zone.

The invention discloses a solar aided carbon dioxide trapping integrated system, which mainly comprises three parts, i.e. a power generation subsystem, a carbon dioxide trapping subsystem and a solar heat collection subsystem, wherein the subsystems are connected mainly through a boiler feed water heater, a reboiler and a flue gas pretreatment device to form the whole integrated system. According to the system, the high and low energy requirements of related parts among the solar heat collection subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the carbon dioxide trapping subsystem are reasonably allocated and integrated in different connecting ways at the heat output end of the solar heat collection subsystem to realize the gradient utilization of energy, so that the energy consumption of extraction of vapor from a steam turbine of a power plant can be greatly reduced, the stability of the power plant can be maintained, the dual effects of utilizing renewable energy resources and reducing the carbon dioxide emission of the power plant are achieved, and the large-scale application of solar energy and an integrated flue gas trapping technology in China are forcefully promoted.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a temperature and humidity control method and device. The temperature and humidity control method comprises the steps that temperature data and humidity data of the current environment are obtained, and whether the current environment is a preset to-be-adjusted environment or not is determined according to the temperature data and the humidity data; and the current environment is adjusted according to a preset rule, temperature data and humidity data of the adjusted environment are obtained, the temperature and humidity control process is ended if the adjusted temperature data accord with a preset temperature target value and the adjusted humidity data accord with a preset humidity target value, an indoor heat exchanger is controlled to conduct refrigerating or heating or conduct refrigerating and heating simultaneously, refrigerating output and heating output are adjusted by controlling the frequency of a compressor and the rotating speed of an outdoor motor at the same time, the temperature of an evaporator is controlled to be proper, starting and stopping of a humidifier are controlled, combined adjustment of a target temperature and a target humidity is achieved, and the set temperature and humidity are obtained.

The invention discloses a manetostrictor driver, comprising a shell body, a manetostrictor rod, a coil brace and a drive coil; wherein, a transmission rod is arranged along the stretching direction of the manetostrictor rod, one end of the transmission rod contacts with the manetostrictor rod, and the other end contacts with a follower extending out of the shell body; a flexible component is arranged between the transmission rod and the shell body; part or all of the coil brace which is made of magnetic material offers bias magnetic field to the manetostrictor rod. The invention combines a permanent magnet providing the bias magnetic field and the coil brace into a whole, the structure is compacter, and the volume of the driver is diminished, thereby being beneficial to heat output; in addition, the manetostrictor rod is driven by adopting the most simplified way of magnetic drive, thereby reducing the magnetic drag of a magnetic circuit to ensure that the stretching transformation of the manetostrictor rod is more delicate, the voice has no hysteresis quality, and the fidelity is high. In addition, because the direct output is adopted, the problems of phase change and distortion can be reduced, and the structure is further simplified and optimized.

A cross-direction dryer for typically drying a continuous web of paper or paper to which coating has just been applied provides both for baseline drying and a linear moisture profile by the use of respectively gas and electric heating portions of the heater units. Profile control is normally provided by control of the voltage to electric heating lamps. Such heating lamps are suspended over a large area gas burner to provide a combined increased infrared heat output. Encapsulation of the heating lamps with quartz provides for reradiation of the medium wavelength radiation produced by the gas burner. Thyristor switching for the quartz halogen heat lamps may be located adjacent to each heater unit and cooled by the combustion air for the gas burners.

The invention discloses an electronic expansion valve control method. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring outdoor environment temperature when an air conditioner enters a low-temperature heating mode; controlling the operation of an electronic expansion valve for a first preset duration according to the outdoor environment temperature; acquiring the current actual exhaust temperature and target exhaust temperature of an compressor; and adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve according to the actual exhaust temperature and the target exhaust temperature.The invention further discloses an electronic expansion valve control device, the air conditioner and a readable storage medium, and aims to improve the output of system heating capacity and the stability of heating output.

An apparatus is provided for monitoring a milking animal during milking of the animal. The apparatus includes a number of productivity sensors, each measuring at least one indicator of productivity of the animal. A number of temperature sensors, including at least two thermographic cameras, measure heat output from different processing areas of the milking animal. A processor receives the heat outputs and productivity indicators, and uses a combination of these to determine a condition of the milking animal. The condition is then indicated in real time at the monitoring apparatus.

The invention discloses a passive safe cooling system. The system comprises a water replenishing tank, an advanced safe filling tank, a built-in material replacing water tank, a pressure releasing system, a passive emergency water supply system and a passive safety shell cooling system, wherein the water replenishing tank, the advanced safe filling tank, the built-in material replacing water tank and the pressure releasing system are all arranged inside a safety shell and respectively communicated with a pressure container; the passive emergency water supply system hermetically penetrates through the safety shell, corresponds to a steam generator arranged inside the safety shell and is used for realizing water supply reflowing and heat output of the steam generator; the passive safety shell cooling system hermetically penetrates through the safety shell so as to output the heat out of the safety shell. Without intervention of a passive system and an operator, the passive safe cooling system disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively realizing safety functions such as reactor core reactivity control, afterheat output and radioactive substance containment under accident conditions and ensuring that a reactor core can be cooled effectively and maintained in a safe shutdown state, so that the safety of a nuclear power station is improved and the building cost and operating cost of the nuclear power station are also greatly lowered.

A cooking apparatus and method is provided which includes a rotatable food support member for supporting a food item thereon. A drive mechanism is connected to the food support member for rotating the food support member. The cooking apparatus further includes upper and lower housings disposed above and beneath a portion of the food support member. The upper and lower housings include an upper and lower heating member respectively with each of the upper and lower heating members providing a heat output which varies from a first end adjacent to an outer edge of the food support member to a second end adjacent to an inner center portion of the food support member, wherein the heat output is greater at the first end than at the second end. The drive mechanism rotates the food support member with the upper and lower heating members applying heat to the food support member to cook the food item contained thereon. Preferably, the food support member includes a solid base portion for supporting the food item.

The invention discloses a heat pump type air conditioner, and a defrosting control method and a defrosting control device of the heat pump type air conditioner. The defrosting control method of the heat pump type air conditioner comprises the following steps that the detection temperature of an indoor environment temperature wrap is obtained; the coil temperature of an indoor heat exchanger is obtained; an equivalent temperature difference is obtained according to the temperature difference between the detection temperature of the indoor environment temperature wrap and the coil temperature of the indoor heat exchanger and an equivalent temperature difference coefficient, and integral calculation is made on time by using the equivalent temperature difference, so as to obtain the average heat output of the whole process; and the heat pump type air conditioner is subject to defrosting control according to the average heat output of the whole process. Through using the defrosting control method, the stability and the timeliness of defrosting judgment can be guaranteed.

The invention is applicable to a liquid crystal display, providing an ITO heater and a heating method of the liquid crystal display. The ITO heater comprises an ITO glass substrate which is provided with two opposite long edges and two opposite short edges, wherein, two opposite edges are electrically connected with connecting terminals along the direction from one edge to the other edge; and the ITO glass substrate is divided into a plurality of areas, each area is etched with an ITO pattern, and the ITO area of the etched edge part is larger than that of the central part. As for the ITO heater of the invention, the closer to the edge area, the stronger the resistance is; therefore, the heat output of areas closer to the edge is more than that of the central part, while heat of the edge is discharged fast, therefore, offset effect is achieved; the ITO heater can be used for the heating of liquid crystal display modules, and the temperature is evenly distributed on the surface of the ITO heater.