970 results about "Heat output" patented technology

Certain embodiments provide a heating system configurable to heat a subsurface formation. The system includes an electrical conductor configured to generate an electrically resistive heat output during application of electrical current to the electrical conductor. An electrical insulator at least partially surrounds the electrical conductor. The electrical insulator includes a nitride. A sheath at least partially surrounds the electrical insulator.

Certain embodiments provide a system configured to heat a subsurface formation. The system includes an electrical power supply. A heater section includes one or more electrical conductors electrically coupled to the electrical power supply. At least one of the electrical conductors includes ferromagnetic material. The heater section provides a first heat output when time-varying electrical current is applied to the heater section below a selected temperature, and a second heat output approximately at and above the selected temperature during use. The second heat output is reduced compared to the first heat output. The system is configured to allow heat to transfer from the heater section to a part of the formation. The electrical power supply is configured to provide a relatively constant amount of time-varying electrical current that remains within about 15% of a selected constant current value when a load of the electrical conductors changes.

This invention provides a system and method for cogeneration of building heat and electric power and that efficiently interfaces a warm air heating system with a liquid-cooled electric power generator. The system and method utilizes an electric generator that is rated at near the time-averaged electric power consumption for the building. This generator is operated as the priority source of heat for the building, but normally only when there is a demand for heat in building. In this manner, the generator can run to generate a significant part of the building's electric power but in a manner that is typically supplemented in variable quantities by power from a public power grid. The heat output is directed via a liquid coolant circuit on the generator, as needed, to the warm air heating unit for the building. The warm air heating unit blows return air through a cabinet and out to the supply duct(s). The warm liquid coolant is directed through a primary heat exchanger in the cabinet. The air is passed over this primary heat exchanger to provide heat to the building. When heat from primary heat exchanger is insufficient to heat the building fully, an auxiliary heater, operated typically by burning fuel, supplements the heat through one or more auxiliary heat exchangers arranged in line along the airflow path with the primary heat exchanger. The blower that directs the airflow is controlled variably in speed to create the most efficient use of electric power by the blower and a desirable heated air delivery temperature.

The invention discloses a passive safe cooling system. The system comprises a water replenishing tank, an advanced safe filling tank, a built-in material replacing water tank, a pressure releasing system, a passive emergency water supply system and a passive safety shell cooling system, wherein the water replenishing tank, the advanced safe filling tank, the built-in material replacing water tank and the pressure releasing system are all arranged inside a safety shell and respectively communicated with a pressure container; the passive emergency water supply system hermetically penetrates through the safety shell, corresponds to a steam generator arranged inside the safety shell and is used for realizing water supply reflowing and heat output of the steam generator; the passive safety shell cooling system hermetically penetrates through the safety shell so as to output the heat out of the safety shell. Without intervention of a passive system and an operator, the passive safe cooling system disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively realizing safety functions such as reactor core reactivity control, afterheat output and radioactive substance containment under accident conditions and ensuring that a reactor core can be cooled effectively and maintained in a safe shutdown state, so that the safety of a nuclear power station is improved and the building cost and operating cost of the nuclear power station are also greatly lowered.