192 results about "Depolarizer" patented technology

An illumination optical system for, when installed in an exposure system, realizing a suitable illumination condition by varying the polarized state of the illumination light according to the pattern characteristics of the mask while suppressing the loss of the intensity of the light. The illumination optical system has a light source unit for supplying a linearly polarized light for illuminating surfaces to be illuminated therewith, and a polarized state changing device for changing the polarized state of the illuminating light from a predetermined polarized state to a nonpolarized state and vice versa. The polarized state changing device is arranged in the optical path between the light source unit and the surfaces to be illuminated. The polarized state changing device can be removed from the illumination optical path and has a depolarizer for selectively depolarizing the incident linearly polarized light.

An inventive rearview assembly for a vehicle may comprise a mirror element and a display including a light management subassembly. The subassembly may comprise an LCD placed behind a transflective layer of the mirror element. Despite a low transmittance through the transflective layer, the inventive display is capable of generating a viewable display image having an intensity of at least 250 cd / m2 and up to 3500 cd / m2. The display includes a novel backlighting subassembly and novel optical components including a magnifying system, a depolarizer, a reflector, and a reflective polarizer. The display may be configured to display an image having edges contoured to correspond to the edges of the mirror element.

An inventive rearview assembly for a vehicle may comprise a mirror element and a display including a light management subassembly. The subassembly may comprise an LCD placed behind a transflective layer of the mirror element. Despite a low transmittance through the transflective layer, the inventive display is capable of generating a viewable display image having an intensity of at least 250 cd / m2 and up to 3500 cd / m2. The display includes a novel backlighting subassembly and novel optical components including a magnifying system, a depolarizer, a reflector, and a reflective polarizer. The display may be configured to display an image having edges contoured to correspond to the edges of the mirror element.

Optical imaging systems are provided including a light source and a depolarizer. The light source is provided in a source arm of the optical imaging system. A depolarizer is coupled to the light source in the source arm of the optical imaging system and is configured to substantially depolarize the light from the light source. Related methods and controllers are also provided.

Thermochromic liquid crystal filters are fabricated by providing two polarizers oriented at offset polarity with respect to each other; providing alignment structures adjacent the inner surfaces of the polarizers; placing a plurality of spacers between the polarizers; and filling a space created by the spacers with a thermotropic liquid crystal that acts as a wave block in an isotropic state and acts as a depolarizer in a nematic state. Alternatively, the filters can be created by encapsulating a thermochromic liquid crystal with a polymer material to form a flexible film and orienting the thermochromic liquid crystal in the polymer material to create a structure that functions as a thermochromic optical filter. Such filters can control the flow of light and radiant heat through selective reflection, transmission, absorption, and / or re-emission. The filters have particular application in passive or active light-regulating and temperature-regulating films, materials, and devices, and particularly as construction materials.

Disclosed is a system and method for treating headaches. The system employs a self-contained, battery operated, readily portable and easy-to-operate head-mounted magnetic depolarizer to generate a transient or time-varying high-intensity magnetic field into and around the user's head or neck. The magnetic depolarizer system can be used to depolarize the neurons of the brain and / or the trigeminal nerve. This type of neuronal depolarization has the capability for terminating migraine or other types of headaches.

Optical imaging systems are provided including a light source and a depolarizer. The light source is provided in a source arm of the optical imaging system. A depolarizer is coupled to the light source in the source arm of the optical imaging system and is configured to substantially depolarize the light from the light source. Related methods and controllers are also provided.

Fiber lasers for producing Band I wavelengths include a laser cavity having an optical fiber with specific parameters in length and thickness and doping concentration, and having high reflectivities. Examples show the feasibility of producing such fiber lasers. Fiber lasers for producing Band IV wavelengths include a depolarized laser oscillator, at least one amplifier and a polarizer. Depolarized laser oscillator is an inherently depolarized CW laser, or a depolarized laser diode, which is depolarized by a depolarizer. Additional fiber lasers in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a double clad active optical fiber having a pump power entry point for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a first direction, and a loop portion at a second end of the fiber for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction. A system for coupling light into a fiber in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a first fiber, a second double clad fiber, and a bulk optic component positioned between the first and second fibers. A mode stripper included within the second fiber allows for removal of high power light which is propagated through the outer clad rather than launched into the core of the second fiber.

A method for metallizing a through silicon via feature in a semiconductor integrated circuit device substrate comprising immersing the semiconductor integrated circuit device substrate into an electrolytic copper deposition composition comprising a source of copper ions, an organic sulfonic acid or inorganic acid, or one or more organic compounds selected from among polarizers and / or depolarizers, and chloride ions.

A method for metallizing a through silicon via feature in a semiconductor integrated circuit device substrate comprising immersing the semiconductor integrated circuit device substrate into an electrolytic copper deposition composition comprising a source of copper ions, an organic sulfonic acid or inorganic acid, or one or more organic compounds selected from among polarizers and / or depolarizers, and chloride ions.

Disclosed is a system and method for treating headaches. The system employs a self-contained, battery operated, readily portable and easy-to-operate head-mounted magnetic depolarizer to generate a transient or time-varying high-intensity magnetic field into and around the user's head or neck. The magnetic depolarizer system can be used to depolarize the neurons of the brain and / or the trigeminal nerve. This type of neuronal depolarization has the capability for terminating migraine or other types of headaches.

The present invention discloses a fiber Bragg grating sensor system. The system according to the present invention comprises a wavelength tunable laser; a coupler for splitting output light from the wavelength tunable laser into two directions; a reference wavelength generating unit for receiving one directional output light from the coupler and for generating reference wave-lengths and an absolute reference wavelength in order to measure real-time wavelengths of the wavelength tunable laser; a fiber Bragg grating array for receiving the other directional output light from the coupler and for reflecting lights at each of the wave-lengths of the grating therein; a fiber grating wavelength sensing unit for measuring the time when each of the reflected lights from the fiber Bragg grating array is detected; a signal processing unit for figuring wavelength variation information with the use of the measured signals from the reference wavelength generating unit and for obtaining each of wavelengths of the detected lights from the fiber grating wavelength sensing unit; and a laser wavelength control feedback unit for applying AC voltage and DC voltage to the wavelength tunable filter in the wavelength tunable laser. Also, polarization dependency in the sensor system can be removed further installing a depolarizer or a polarization scrambler at the output end of the wavelength tunable laser. By applying the present invention, measurement accuracy of the grating sensor system 20 can be improved due to enhanced wavelength stability and suppression of polarization dependency. Therefore, the fiber Bragg grating sensor system based on the present invention would replace conventional structure / construction diagnosis systems.

The present invention discloses a high precision full optical fiber current mutual inductor, comprising an optical path system and a signal modulation and demodulation unit. The optical path system includes an optical source connected in order with a depolarizer, a circulator, a polarizer, a phase modulator, an optical fiber delay line, a lambda / 4 wave plate, a sensing optical fiber and an optical fiber reflector, and also includes a photodetector connected with the signal modulation and demodulation unit. The high precision full optical fiber current mutual inductor realizes the phase closed loop control of the optical fiber current mutual inductor through a signal modulation and demodulation unit and a phase modulator, thereby greatly increasing the ratio of signal to noise and the anti-interference capability of the system. The high precision full optical fiber current mutual inductor employs the full optical fiber structure and the closed loop detection control loop thereby increasing the reliability of the system, and employs an ultra-low double refractive index and high Field constant rotating optical fiber as the sensing optical fiber thereby reducing the offset error of the polarized light in the process of the optical path transmission, and can be widely used in the field of electric power detection.

The invention provides a Cu-Sn-Zn plating solution containing organic addition agent and an electroplating technique utilizing same; the plating solution has the parameters and the content of all components: 4-15g / L of Cu<2+>, 6-42g / L of Sn<4+>, 0.15-1g / L of Zn<2+>, 6-35g / L of KOH or NaOH, 20-60g / L of free NaCN or KCN, 0.05-2.5g / L of surface active agent, 1-30g / L of organic complexing agent and 0.5-35g / L of organic depolarizing agent; the pH value is more than 12, and the temperature is 30-65 DEG C. The practicability examination is carried out on the plating solution and the technical finished product, and the examination proves that plating layer under the technique of the addition agent has bright white color and achieves the effect of replacing nickel; the discoloration preventing capability is better, experimental effect of neutral salt spray resistance is good, and the solderability is excellent; furthermore, the plating layer contains no harmful substances such as heavy metal, cyanide, etc.

The invention discloses an ionic lead-acid cell repair protection solution, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 to 5 parts of thinner, 5 to 15 parts of coordination dopant, 3 to 5 parts of organic expansion agent, 0.02 to 0.05 part of inorganic expansion agent, 0.01 to 0.03 part of depolarizer, 1.5 to 2 parts of reduction accelerant, 0.5 to 1 part of electrolyte additive, 0.5 to 2 parts of reducer and 900 to 1,000 parts of water. The protection solution plays a role in protecting a cell and repairing a damaged cell without adding acid. The protection solution is a neutral solution, is environmentally-friendly, has no secondary pollution, and overcomes the defect that the traditional process of adding acid and the like is easy to cause secondary environmental pollution of the waste cell.

Fiber lasers for producing Band I wavelengths include a laser cavity having an optical fiber with specific parameters in length and thickness and doping concentration, and having high reflectivities. Examples show the feasibility of producing such fiber lasers. Fiber lasers for producing Band IV wavelengths include a depolarized laser oscillator, at least one amplifier and a polarizer. Depolarized laser oscillator is an inherently depolarized CW laser, or a depolarized laser diode, which is depolarized by a depolarizer. Additional fiber lasers in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a double clad active optical fiber having a pump power entry point for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a first direction, and a loop portion at a second end of the fiber for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction. A system for coupling light into a fiber in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a first fiber, a second double clad fiber, and a bulk optic component positioned between the first and second fibers. A mode stripper included within the second fiber allows for removal of high power light which is propagated through the outer clad rather than launched into the core of the second fiber.

Voltage delay in an active metal anode / liquid cathode battery cell can be significantly reduced or completely alleviated by coating the active metal anode (e.g., Li) surface with a thin layer of an inorganic compound with Li-ion conductivity using chemical treatment of Li surface. Particularly, preferred examples of such compounds include lithium phosphate, lithium metaphosphate, and / or their mixtures or solid solutions with lithium sulphate. These compounds can be formed on the Li surface by treatment with diluted solutions of the following individual acids: H3PO4, HPO3 and H2SO4, their acidic salts, or their binary or ternary mixtures in a dry organic solvent compatible with Li, for instance in 1,2-DME; by various deposition techniques. Such chemical protection of the Li or other active metal electrode significantly reduces the voltage delay due to protected anode's improved stability toward the electrolyte.

The invention discloses a defense area optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor comprising a light source, a first transmission optical fiber, a second transmission optical fiber, a coupler provided with at least four coupling arms, a first depolarizer, a second depolarizer, a delay loop, a U-shaped sensing optical fiber loop and a signal receiving and processing module, wherein two ends of the first transmitting optical fiber are respectively connected with the light source and the first coupling arm of the coupler; two ends of the second transmitting optical fiber are respectively connected with the signal processing module and the second coupling arm of the coupler; the third coupling arm of the coupler is connected with one end of the first depolarizer; the fourth coupling arm of the coupler is connected with one end of the second depolarizer; and the delay loop and the U-shaped sensing optical fiber loop are connected in series between the other end of the first depolarizer and the other end of the second depolarizer. The sensor avoids the phenomena of polarization and fading caused by stress double refraction in the single mode fiber and provides a new feasible scheme for an optical fiber perimeter alarm system.

The present invention relates to a passive depolarizer for use in an optical system having an image plane. The passive depolarizer includes a patterned half wave plate incorporating a monolithic layer of birefringent material. The monolithic layer includes a plurality of regions having fast axes with at least four different orientations. Accordingly, a polarized beam of light launched into the patterned half wave plate is substantially depolarized at the image plane.

An electrochemical device and method can include techniques involving bipolar membrane electrolysis to transform an input product into an output product. Some embodiments can include a gas-diffusion electrode as a cathode, a bipolar membrane configured to facilitate autodissociation, and an anode that can be configured as a liquid-electrolyte style electrode or a gas-diffusion electrode. In some embodiments the electrochemical device can be configured as a CO2 electrolyzer that is designed to utilize input product including carbon dioxide gas and water to generate output products that can include gaseous carbon monoxide or other reduction products of carbon dioxide and gaseous oxygen or the oxidation products of a depolarizer such as hydrogen, methane, or methanol. Embodiments can be utilized in the production of fuels or feedstocks for fuels and carbon-containing chemicals, in air purification systems, flue gas treatment devices, and other machines and facilities.

The invention relates to an interference optical fiber gyroscope which comprises a wide-spectrum light source, a light source end coupler, a depolarizer on the front portion of a ring, a coupler at the end of the ring, a single-mode fiber ring and a photoelectric detector. The output end of the wide-spectrum light source is coupled with a first port of the light source end coupler through single-mode fiber, a third port of the light source end coupler is coupled with one end of the depolarizer on the front portion of the ring through the single-mode fiber, the other end of the depolarizer on the front portion of the ring is coupled with a first port of the coupler at the end of the ring through the single-mode fiber, a third port and a fourth port of the coupler at the end of the ring are coupled with two ports of the single-mode fiber ring through the single-mode fiber respectively, and a second port of the light source end coupler is coupled with the input end of a photoelectric detector through the single-mode fiber. The gyroscope structure omits a polarizer in a minimum reciprocity structure of a gyroscope, non-reciprocal errors are removed through decoherence and interference light intensity compensation between two polarization states, cost is greatly reduced, simultaneously noise is low, and bias stability is good.

The present invention discloses a fiber Bragg grating sensor system. The system according to the present invention comprises a wavelength tunable laser; a coupler for splitting output light from the wavelength tunable laser into two directions; a reference wavelength generating unit for receiving one directional output light from the coupler and for generating reference wave-lengths and an absolute reference wavelength in order to measure real-time wavelengths of the wavelength tunable laser; a fiber Bragg grating array for receiving the other directional output light from the coupler and for reflecting lights at each of the wave-lengths of the grating therein; a fiber grating wavelength sensing unit for measuring the time when each of the reflected lights from the fiber Bragg grating array is detected; a signal processing unit for figuring wavelength variation information with the use of the measured signals from the reference wavelength generating unit and for obtaining each of wavelengths of the detected lights from the fiber grating wavelength sensing unit; and a laser wavelength control feedback unit for applying AC voltage and DC voltage to the wavelength tunable filter in the wavelength tunable laser. Also, polarization dependency in the sensor system can be removed further installing a depolarizer or a polarization scrambler at the output end of the wavelength tunable laser. By applying the present invention, measurement accuracy of the grating sensor system 20 can be improved due to enhanced wavelength stability and suppression of polarization dependency. Therefore, the fiber Bragg grating sensor system based on the present invention would replace conventional structure / construction diagnosis systems.

Fiber lasers for producing Band I wavelengths include a laser cavity having an optical fiber with specific parameters in length and thickness and doping concentration, and having high reflectivities. Examples show the feasibility of producing such fiber lasers.Fiber lasers for producing Band IV wavelengths include a depolarized laser oscillator, at least one amplifier and a polarizer. Depolarized laser oscillator is an inherently depolarized CW laser, or a depolarized laser diode, which is depolarized by a depolarizer.Additional fiber lasers in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a double clad active optical fiber having a pump power entry point for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a first direction, and a loop portion at a second end of the fiber for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction.A system for coupling light into a fiber in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a first fiber, a second double clad fiber, and a bulk optic component positioned between the first and second fibers. A mode stripper included within the second fiber allows for removal of high power light which is propagated through the outer clad rather than launched into the core of the second fiber.

The chiral liquid crystal depolarizer includes two parts of optical transparent material, with wedged or trapezoidal slot array, coated orientation film and chiral liquid crystal self-assembled into crystal characteristic structure. The two parts of optical transparent material are formed into liquid crystal box with wedged or trapezoidal cavity filled with mixture of optically active chiral molecule and birefringent liquid crystal. The chiral liquid crystal depolarizer in single wedge structure includes also spacer for controlling the wedge angle. The chiral liquid crystal depolarizer has the characteristics of both wedged crystal depolarizer and optically active crystal depolarizer, can realize monochromic light depolarization in wide spectral range, and has excellent depolarization to incident polarized light in different angle. The present invention has simple making process and greatly lowered cost, and is especially suitable for depolarization of great caliber light beam.

A spectroscope having a high spectroscopic characteristic capable of eliminating a polarization dependence on an arbitrary polarization state of an incident light, and measuring a spectrum having a true central wavelength of the light. The spectroscope comprises: a depolarizer comprising: a first plate a thickness of which continuously changes in a direction of 45 degrees with a first optical axis; and a second plate a thickness of which continuously changes, and which is stuck on the first plate; wherein an angle between the first optical axis and a second optical axis of the second plate, is 45 degrees, and a first reduction direction of the thickness of the first plate and a second reduction direction of the thickness of the second plate is opposite to each other; and a spectroscopic device a dispersion direction of which intersects orthogonally with the first reduction direction.

The depolarizer 11 is inserted between the light branching unit 2 and the polarization filter 3; the depolarizer 12 and the polarization filter 14 are inserted between the optical phase modulator 5 and the quarter-wave plate 16, and the depolarizer 13 and A polarizing filter 15 is inserted between the other branch end of the optical branching unit 4 and the quarter wave plate 17 . The optical branching element 2 and the optical phase modulator 5 are formed of a single-mode optical fiber, and the single-mode optical fiber is used for connection between optical devices, thereby providing an inexpensive device as a whole.

A thermotropic optical shutter device incorporates coatable, thin-film polarizers with a thermotropic depolarizer. The coatable polarizers provide a mechanism for adjusting the polarizer properties (i.e., absorption, reflection, or diffusion) by changing the thickness of the coating. For example, a thicker film may have a higher relative polarizing efficiency while a thinner film may have a lower relative polarizing efficiency. Using the same base materials and manufacturing process, the contrast ratio and other properties of a thermotropic or thermochromic shutter device (e.g., a liquid crystal-based smart window film) may be adjusted in real time on the manufacturing line.

The invention discloses a mixed polarized fiber-optic gyroscope light path and a preparation method of a depolarizer of the mixed polarized fiber-optic gyroscope light path. The mixed polarized fiber-optic gyroscope light path comprises a single-mode fiber coupler, a broad-band light source, a depolarizer, a Y waveguide, a polarization-maintaining fiber ring and a detector, wherein the broad-band light source is welded with the first end of the single-mode fiber coupler; the tail fiber of the broad-band light source is a single-mode fiber; the input end of the depolarizer is welded with the second end of the single-mode fiber coupler; the Y waveguide is in shaft coupling with the output end of the depolarizer; the polarization-maintaining fiber ring is welded with the Y waveguide; the detector is welded with the third end of the single-mode fiber coupler; the tail fiber of the detector is the single-mode fiber; the depolarizer is formed by two sections of polarization-maintaining fibers, of which the length ratio is 1 to 2; the lengths of the polarization-maintaining fibers are respectively L1 and L2; L1 is greater than or equal to (LD+L3)*1.3; L2 is greater than or equal to (LD+L3)*1.3, L2-L1 is greater than or equal to (LD+L3)*1.3; and the depolarizer is fabricated by a polarization-maintaining input tail fiber of the Y waveguide. The design of the depolarizer is considered from two aspects of device-level depolarization and avoidance of optical path delay compensation between wave trains generated in subsequent light paths; the demands of the mixed polarized light path on the light source polarization degree are lowered; and the polarization error in the gyroscope light path is reduced.