The invention discloses a routing method for the
wireless sensor network with efficient energy, which is suitable for the layered sensor
network structure. The routing method is composed of initialization, cluster building, adjacent clusters routing and routing maintenance, wherein, an initialization process of the protocol makes a Sink node obtain a topology and network average energy of the sensor network, and each node obtains hop counts from the node to the Sink node; in the stage of the cluster building, a repeated division method is used to divide sensor network clusters, the divided clusters are even, and a leader
cluster node is undertaken by nodes with higher
residual energy; the adjacent clusters routing uses an
ant colony
algorithm to determine the probability of using a link to send information according to the link
pheromone concentration, and the link
pheromone concentration is increased with the
information transmission on the link and is reduced with the time going; and the routing
maintenance stage is responsible for updating link
pheromone concentration, and makes the nodes inside the cluster with higher
residual energy undertake the leader cluster in turn. The routing method can reduce the consumption of the network
total energy, can balance the consumption of the node energy and can prolong the network life cycle.