57 results about "Chemical Cleavage" patented technology

Compositions and methods for modulating the activity of RNA and DNA are disclosed. In accordance with preferred embodiments, antisense compositions are prepared comprising targeting and reactive portions. Reactive portions which act, alternatively, through phosphorodiester bond cleavage, through backbone sugar bond cleavage or through base modification are preferrably employed. Groups which improve the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of the oligonucleotides are also useful in accordance with certain embodiments of this invention. Delivery of the reactive or non-reactive functionalities into the minor groove formed by the hybridization of the composition with the target RNA is also preferrably accomplished. Therapeutics, diagnostics and research methods and also disclosed. Synthetic nucleosides and nucleoside fragments are also provided useful for elaboration of oligonucleotides and oligonucleotide analogs for such purposes.

The invention discloses a method for industrially producing polyaluminum ferric chloride water purifying agent by utilizing fly ash. , put the obtained qualified feed liquid into the clarifier for solid-liquid separation, the separated supernatant liquid is injected into the polymerization kettle, add the polymerization agent, fully stir, and obtain the polyaluminum ferric chloride liquid water purifier through the polymerization reaction. The production process flow is short, the operation is simple, the production cost is low, the economic performance is good, the use cost of the raw material is reduced, the reaction time is shortened, and the reaction energy consumption is reduced. The aluminum dissolution rate in fly ash is high, the raw material cost is low, and industrial production is realized. Adding a cosolvent in the reaction process promotes the cleavage of the silicon-aluminum bond, increases the dissolution rate of aluminum, shortens the reaction time, reduces the consumption of hydrochloric acid, reduces the production cost, and improves the economic benefit of the product. The industrialization of using fly ash to produce polyaluminum ferric chloride has been realized.

Methods and compositions are provided which inhibit the apoptotic activity associated with oxidative stress in many disease states. According to the invention, inhibition of chemical cleavage of PKCδ by caspase-3 results in reduction of apoptosis. Novel peptide inhibitors with the amino acid motif Asp Ile Pro Asp (SEQ ID NO:5) are also disclosed. The peptides are useful as inhibitors of PKCδ-mediated apoptosis and oxidative stress, and other diseases regulated by a catalytically active PKCδ.

Disclosed is a highly sensitive photothermographic material containing on a support a silver salt of an organic acid, a photosensitive silver halide, a reducing agent, a binder and, for example, a compound of which one-electron oxidized derivative produced by one electron oxidation of the compound is capable of releasing two or more electrons with a bond cleavage.

The present invention relates to methods of employing a metal-organic framework (MOF) as a catalyst for cleaving chemical bonds. In particular instances, the MOF results in selective bond cleavage that results in hydrogenolyzis. Furthermore, the MOF catalyst can be reused in multiple cycles. Such MOF-based catalysts can be useful, e.g., to convert biomass components.

Disclosed is a highly sensitive photothermographic material containing on a support a silver salt of an organic acid, a photosensitive silver halide, a reducing agent, a binder and, for example, a compound of which one-electron oxidized derivative produced by one electron oxidation of the compound is capable of releasing two or more electrons with a bond cleavage.

A silver halide photosensitive material containing a compound selected from Types 1-4 below which is capable of undergoing a one-electron oxidation to form a one-electron oxidation product (OEOP), and a reducing compound (Type 1) the OEOP is capable of releasing further two or more electrons accompanying a subsequent bond cleavage reaction, (Type 2) the OEOP is capable of releasing further one electron accompanying a subsequent bond cleavage reaction, and the compound having, in its molecule, two or more groups adsorptive to silver halide, (Type 3) the OEOP is capable of releasing further one or more electrons after going through a subsequent bond forming process, and (Type 4) the OEOP is capable of releasing further one or more electrons after going through a subsequent intramolecular ring cleavage reaction.

This invention relates to a group of novel sapogenins, their use in anti-cancer applications, and to a process for their production. More particularly, this invention pertains to a novel group of dammarane sapogenins, PAM-120, PBM-110 and PBM-100 (the dammarance sapogenine structure is specifically clean of any sugar moieties (glycons) at any position and hydroxyl at C-20) and PAN-20 and PAN-30 (the dammarance sapogenin structure has sugar moieties but is free of hydroxyl at C-20), obtained by chemical cleavage of dammarane saponins. The invention also includes a novel application of the said sapogenins for anti-cancer treatment by using them separately or together, and / or jointly with other drugs, as well as to the process of producing these novel sapogenins. Said novel dammarane sapogenins show surprising anti-cancer effect when applied, particularly against multi-drug resistant cancers.

This invention relates to a group of novel sapogenins, their use in anti-cancer applications, and to a process for their production. More particularly, this invention pertains to a novel group of dammarane sapogenins, PAM-120, PBM-110 and PBM-100 (the dammarance sapogenine structure is specifically clean of any sugar moieties (glycons) at any position and hydroxyl at C-20) and PAN-20 and PAN-30 (the dammarance sapogenin structure has sugar moieties but is free of hydroxyl at C-20), obtained by chemical cleavage of dammarane saponins. The invention also includes a novel application of the said sapogenins for anti-cancer treatment by using them separately or together, and / or jointly with other drugs, as well as to the process of producing these novel sapogenins. Said novel dammarane sapogenins show surprising anti-cancer effect when applied, particularly against multi-drug resistant cancers.

The invention includes a method of sample profiling for identification. The method includes the steps of performing less than four nucleotide-specific chemical cleavage reactions to obtain nucleotide sequence fragments, performing size separation on the fragments, detecting the fragments' separation, generating a profile based on the detection, and comparing the profile to a data base to identify the sample.

A silver halide color photosensitive material comprises a blue-sensitive layer, a green-sensitive layer, a red-sensitive layer and a non-light-sensitive layer on a support. The silver halide color photosensitive material contains a compound selected from the following type 1 and type 2 compounds, and wherein the blue-sensitive layer meets the relationship of the following formula (I): SB(370 nm) / SB(420 nm)<0.7  (I) wherein SB(λ) represents a spectral sensitivity at a wavelength of λ, (type 1) a compound capable of undergoing a one-electron oxidation to thereby form a one-electron oxidation product thereof, wherein the one-electron oxidation product is capable of releasing further one or more electrons accompanying a subsequent bond cleavage reaction, and (type 2) a compound capable of undergoing a one-electron oxidation to thereby form a one-electron oxidation product thereof, wherein the one-electron oxidation product is capable of releasing further one or more electrons accompanying a subsequent bond-forming reaction.

The invention relates to the field of molecular biology of fungi, in particular to a quick extraction method for total DNA of yeast-like fungi for nucleic acid amplification. The method integrates the freeze-thaw method, the chemical cleavage method and the mechanical wall-breaking method skillfully, DNA extraction is completed within 10-20 min, and the cheap, non-toxic and efficient fungus DNA extraction method is the fastest so far. The extraction method has the advantages of quickness, sensitivity, non-toxicity, cheapness and the like and is applicable to most of the yeast-like fungi.

This invention provides a photographic element comprising at least one silver halide emulsion layer in which the silver halide is sensitized with a compound of the formula (a):wherein DELTA is protective group that is eliminated during development of the photographic element, t is a timing group, m is an integer from 0 to 3, and XY' is a fragmentable electron donor moiety in which X is an electron donor group and Y' is a leaving proton H or a leaving group Y, with the proviso that if Y' is a proton, a base, beta-, is present in the emulsion or is covalently linked directly or indirectly to X, and wherein:1) X-Y' has an oxidation potential between 0 and about 1.4 V;2) the oxidized form of X-Y' undergoes a bond cleavage reaction to give the radical X. and the leaving fragment Y', and3) the radical X. has an oxidation potential <=-0.7V.

A method to cleave C—C and C—O bonds in β-O-4 linkages in lignin or lignin sub-units is described. The method includes oxidizing at least a portion of secondary benzylic alcohol groups in β-O-4 linkages in the lignin or lignin sub-unit to corresponding ketones and then leaving C—O or C—C bonds in the oxidized lignin or lignin sub-unit by reacting it with an organic carboxylic acid, a salt of an organic carboxylic acids, and / or an ester of an organic carboxylic acids. The method may utilize a metal or metal-containing reagent or proceed without the metal or metal-containing reagent.

The present invention discloses an improved process for the production of desired recombinant peptides from bacterial cells by using G-CSF as a novel fusion partner for their high level expression in these cells. The invention further provides an expression system comprising the fusion protein wherein the G-CSF is operatively linked to the peptide of interest via an enzymatic or chemical cleavage site which can be used to separate the fusion partner from the said peptide.

The invention belongs to the field of organic chemistry and relates to a polysubstituted decalin compound, and a synthesis method and an application thereof. The structural formula of the polysubstituted decalin compound is shown above. The preparation of the polysubstituted decalin compound includes septs as follows: AB fragment which is obtained by the c-bond cleavage of an oleanane type or an ursolic alkane type pentacyclic triterpenoid compound is treated with different reduction methods to obtain a compound 2 or 3. The polysubstituted decalin compound of the invention is used to synthesize the medicine or the apice and the analogues which contain the structural fragment of the polysubstituted decalin. The invention has the advantages of simplicity, practicability, low cost, high yield and being capable of industrialization.

The invention provides a new bioorthogonal deprotection method for preparing heterocyclic compounds by bond cleavage using palladium. The methods have general application in the field of biological synthetic chemistry. Compounds, such as prodrugs, which are useful in such methods are also provided.

The invention relates to a preparation method of pyrimidine dione compounds. According to the preparation method, the pyrimidine dione compounds are efficiently synthesized in a solvent by taking cyclic oxime ester compounds and isocyan compounds as reaction raw materials under the protection of inert gases and the catalytic action of univalent silver compounds. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of low price of the raw materials, easy obtaining of the raw materials, short steps, high atom economy (100%) and mild reaction conditions, and can realize large-scale industrial application; by using cyclic oxime ester N-O bond cleavage, the pyrimidine dione compounds are efficiently constructed in one step. The breakthrough progress in chemical synthesis of a system is realized, and the deep expansion of pharmaceutical chemistry studies related to the system is promoted.

Disclosed is a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support, which contains a compound of which one-electron oxidized derivative produced by one electron oxidation of the compound is capable of releasing two or more electrons with a bond cleavage and has a characteristic curve drawn in orthogonal coordinates of logarithm of light exposure (x-axis) and optical density (y-axis) using equal unit lengths for the both axes, on which gamma is 5.0 or more for the optical density range of 0.3-3.0. This silver halide photographic light-sensitive material shows high contrast and high sensitivity.

The invention discloses a protein simple purification method for positioning recombinant protein to the surfaces of cells. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing an encoding signal peptide, a chemical cleavage site and a target protein gene into an expression vector, and positioning target protein to the surfaces of the cells after being expressed; and adding abuffer solution containing a cleavage reagent into the collected cells for resuspension, and performing centrifugation to obtain the supernatant, so as to obtain a target protein solution. Accordingto the protein simple purification method disclosed by the invention, the recombinant protein is secreted and positioned to the surface of a cell after being expressed in the cell by utilizing the positioning function of signal peptide, and by utilizing the advantages of intermediate chemical shearing sites of the recombinant protein, the high-purity target protein can be simply and conveniently obtained by adding a cleavage reagent into a buffer solution for resuspending cells and centrifuging. The method omits complex steps that in the prior art, protein purification needs cell lysis and chromatographic columns with various properties are used to obtain target protein, is simple to operate, and greatly saves the time and costs.

The invention discloses a method for extracting nucleic acid from activated carbon biological membranes in drinking water treatment and relates to the technical field of microbiology of biological activated carbon process units in environmental engineering drinking water deep treatment. The method includes: firstly, subjecting activated carbon particles to dehumification by the aid of dehumification buffer solution; and then performing water bath and ultrasonic elution. The method specifically includes: subjecting activated carbon to dehumification by the aid of the dehumification buffer solution obtained by mixing NaOH solution or NaOH with polyvinylpyrrolidone, and extracting the microbial nucleic acid on the biological activated carbon after ultrasonic elution and chemical cleavage. The total DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) length is larger than 20 Kb so as to completely meet the requirements of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis. According to the method, the problem of difficulty in elution resulted from low biomass of the biological activated carbon and close combination of the biological activated carbon with carrier particles is solved, and adverse effect of humic acid on microbial nucleic acid extraction is weakened, so that microbial cells are sufficient in cleavage. The method is simple and convenient to operate and high in DNA output and purity.

The invention provides a safe synthesis method of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, wherein the safe synthesis method comprises the steps: based on the isomerism characteristics of 1,3,5-cyclohexyltriketone imine and 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, taking 1,3,5-cyclohexyltriketone as a reaction raw material, and preparing N,N',N''-triacetyl-1,3,5-triaminobenzene through a trioximation reaction, an N-O bond cleavage-isomerism reaction and an N-acylation reaction; and taking N,N',N''-triacetyl-1,3,5-triaminobenzene as a raw material, and preparing TATB through a multi-stage one-pot tri-nitration reaction. The method has the significant characteristic of the multi-stage one-pot tri-nitration reaction, so that the amination step of an explosive multi-nitro-compound is avoided so as to substantially improve the safety, the used reactants or the used catalyst is the common product in the chemical industry, the use of a non-degradable organic solvent is avoided, the green and safe synthesis is achieved; and meanwhile, on the basis of the characteristics of a one-pot method, the operation process is simplified, operations such as separation, purification and collection of an intermediate product are avoided, and large-scale preparation of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene is facilitated.

The invention discloses a deacetylation method for chitin. According to the method, by instant pressure release under a high-temperature and a high-pressure environment, moisture in chitin particles structure evaporates rapidly to form a huge vapor pressure, thereby causing bond cleavage between chitin acetyl and nitrogen atoms. The method has advantages of large treating amount, quick reaction, few reaction variables, simple operation, low cost and environmental protection.

A method for increasing peptide fragmentation by labelling the peptide at the C-terminal end with a guanidinium group or other basic functional group and distinguishing isobaric amino acids and amino acid combinations of asparagine and glycine-glycine; glutamine and glycine-alanine; and / or glutamine and alanine-glycine, during polypeptide sequencing. The method involves: obtaining a peptide of interest and / or digesting a polypeptide of interest with a protease, such as pepsin, chymotrypsin or trypsin, or by chemical cleavage to produce shorter peptides; reacting the obtained and / or generated peptides with a coupling reagent to derivatize the free C-terminal carboxylic acid function of the peptides, thus adding a basic functional group rendering C-terminal peptide fragment ions detectable by mass spectrometry; selecting a charge state of 2+ or more, and fragmenting the derivatized peptides in a mass spectrometer under conditions effective to generate at least w ions; and detecting the w ions by mass spectrometry, and identifying derivatized peptides which incorporate the additional mass of the basic functional group.

The invention provides compositions and methods for covalent attachment of polymer and lipid carriers to therapeutic proteins to form carrier-protein conjugates having linkers between the carrier and protein portions of the conjugates. The linkers are selected to minimize steric effects. The linkers reduce the shielding effect of the carrier on the therapeutic protein and also allow better access for enzymatic or chemical cleavage of the carbamate bond. The linkers attach to the therapeutic protein via a carbamate bond and are either directly adjacent to the carbamate bond or are separated by a single carbon having a nitrogen side chain. Such linkers are solely comprised of carbon, sulfur and hydrogen and are between four and ten atoms (either C or S) in length.

The invention relates to a preparation method of pyrimidine dione compounds. According to the preparation method, the pyrimidine dione compounds are efficiently synthesized in a solvent by taking cyclic oxime ester compounds and isocyan compounds as reaction raw materials under the protection of inert gases and the catalytic action of univalent silver compounds. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of low price of the raw materials, easy obtaining of the raw materials, short steps, high atom economy (100%) and mild reaction conditions, and can realize large-scale industrial application; by using cyclic oxime ester N-O bond cleavage, the pyrimidine dione compounds are efficiently constructed in one step. The breakthrough progress in chemical synthesis of a system is realized, and the deep expansion of pharmaceutical chemistry studies related to the system is promoted.

A method for increasing peptide fragmentation by labeling the peptide at the C-terminal end with a guanidinium group or other basic functional group and distinguishing isobaric amino acids and amino acid combinations of asparagine and glycine-glycine; glutamine and glycine-alanine; and / or glutamine and alanine-glycine, during polypeptide sequencing. The method involves: obtaining a peptide of interest and / or digesting a polypeptide of interest with a protease, such as pepsin, chymotrypsin or trypsin, or by chemical cleavage to produce shorter peptides; reacting the obtained and / or generated peptides with a coupling reagent to derivatize the free C-terminal carboxylic acid function of the peptides, thus adding a basic functional group rendering C-terminal peptide fragment ions detectable by mass spectrometry; selecting a charge state of 2+ or more, and fragmenting the derivatized peptides in a mass spectrometer under conditions effective to generate at least w ions; and detecting the w ions by mass spectrometry, and identifying derivatized peptides which incorporate the additional mass of the basic functional group.

A silver halide color photosensitive material comprises a blue-sensitive layer, a green-sensitive layer, a red-sensitive layer and a non-light-sensitive layer on a support. The silver halide color photosensitive material contains a compound selected from the following type 1 and type 2 compounds, and wherein the blue-sensitive layer meets the relationship of the following formula (I):SB(370 nm) / SB(420 nm)<0.7  (I)wherein SB(λ) represents a spectral sensitivity at a wavelength of λ,(type 1)a compound capable of undergoing a one-electron oxidation to thereby form a one-electron oxidation product thereof, wherein the one-electron oxidation product is capable of releasing further one or more electrons accompanying a subsequent bond cleavage reaction, and(type 2)a compound capable of undergoing a one-electron oxidation to thereby form a one-electron oxidation product thereof, wherein the one-electron oxidation product is capable of releasing further one or more electrons accompanying a subsequent bond-forming reaction.