The invention discloses a high-temperature rock sample strain and sound wave testing device and testing method. The device is mainly composed of a sound wave emitting end, an upper pressure bearing shaft, a corundum thimble, an upper displacement slide, a lower displacement slide, a heat insulation shell, a carbon fiber sleeve, and a rock sample. , lower bearing shaft, acoustic wave receiving end, lower copper electrode, perlite powder, temperature sensor, transformer, temperature-acoustic control box, oscilloscope, upper copper electrode, data acquisition and processing system. The method includes: (1) installing the device on the stroke of the uniaxial mechanical testing machine; (2) heating the rock sample; (3) performing a compression test; (4) the difference between the upper displacement slide and the lower displacement slide is is the axial strain value of the rock sample; (5) The sound wave is emitted from the sound wave transmitter, and is received by the sound wave receiver after passing through the rock sample, and the sound wave time difference of the rock sample is obtained; (6) Various data are collected and stored. The invention is reliable in principle, easy to operate, can obtain the mechanical parameters of rocks at high temperature in real time, and has broad market application prospects.