The invention discloses an environment-detecting spherical robot with a plurality of modes of motion, which is driven by wind power. The invention relates to the mechanical technical field, the purpose of the invention is to employ the robot to self-select the motion modes of rolling, floating and the like according to different terrain environments under wind actions, and the robot has the advantages of low energy-consumption and low cost. The robot mainly comprises a semicircular baffle plate device, a diaphragm cloth device, an outer layer air sac, an inner layer air sac and an inner core sphere system. The inner core sphere system is composed of an inner core sphere body, a hydrogen / helium reaction or liquid hydrogen / helium storage device, an air-feeding and air-bleeding device, an electropneumatic valve, a core control board, a power, a sensor group, a wireless transceiver module and the like, the core sphere system is used to detect environmental information and to be in wireless communication with the outside world, further, the core sphere system is used to control and realize the air-feeding and air-bleeding, and to enable the robot to be provided with two motion modes ofpure rolling and floating. The environment-detecting spherical robot can be used to detect the ground environment such as Polar Regions and deserts and the environment of planetary surface, and the environment-detecting spherical robot also can be used in the field of investigation, entertainment, military affairs and the like.