The invention belongs to the technical field of UWB positioning. The invention specifically relates to an intelligent switching method for positioning base stations required by a UWB positioning system in two-dimensional and three-dimensional positioning scenes. The method comprises the following steps: S1, giving different positioning base station receiving signal angles [theta]i, j (i = 1, 2, 3,and the like, N, j = 1, 2, 3, and the like, M) to different positioning base stations according to positioning node receiving angles, N being the number of layers where the positioning base stationsare located, and M being the number of the base stations; and S2, initially setting a two-dimensional positioning scene, and judging that the positioning tag is located between the several layers of base stations according to positive and negative conditions of [theta]i, j values. The required positioning base station is intelligently switched by using the positive and negative value change of thesignal receiving angle of the positioning tag and the positioning base station, so that the link of the positioning tag, which is irrelevant to the current positioning, is reduced, the utilization rate of the base station is optimized, and the average power consumption of the whole positioning system is reduced.