The invention discloses a broadband signal generation device and method based on adaptive correction. The device comprises a phase accumulation unit module, a phase amplitude conversion unit module, aDAC circuit module, a radio frequency processing circuit module, an ADC circuit module, a signal detection and processing unit module, a spurious control unit module and a spurious correction signalgeneration unit module. The method comprises the following steps: performing feedback at a DDS signal output end to perform high-speed sampling, adaptively realizing stray extraction and feature analysis of broadband output signals, obtaining frequency, amplitude and phase information of stray signals, additionally outputting N paths of correction signals or driving a parallel DAC to output N paths of correction signals in a signal generation structure, generating same-frequency, anti-phase and basically equal-amplitude correction signals, and realizing spurious suppression through synthesis of the output signals and the correction signals, wherein N > = 1. The spurious suppression effect is achieved, and the false-free dynamic range of broadband DDS output signals is widened.