The invention relates to the field of image plane debugging of aerospace full-spectrum zoom lenses, in particular to a zoom lens automatic image plane docking and optical axis runout detection system and method, which solves the problem that the existing image plane docking method consumes a lot of labor, and different batches of There may be differences in the image plane definition of sub-products and there are individual differences in optical axis jump detection, and the efficiency is not high. The system includes a system support bracket, a drive and feedback component, a guide component, an optical imaging component and a control component. The drive and feedback assembly includes potentiometer, motor, potentiometer gear, motor gear, drive screw gear, coupling, ball screw nut and nut retaining bracket. The guide assembly includes linear guides, moving sliders, and zoom lens mounting brackets. Optical imaging components include imaging components, imaging component mounting brackets, two four-degree-of-freedom optical adjustment platforms, collimator and accessories, and zoom lenses. Control components include control box, upper computer and video display.