The invention discloses a perimeter security early warning system based on fiber grating sensing, comprising: a fiber grating displacement sensor, a pulley, a protective steel cable, a transmission optical cable, a wavelength demodulation analyzer, a control host, a display screen, a pan-tilt camera, an acoustic Optical alarm and transmission cable; when working, the steel cable is protected from sensitive intrusion behavior, so that the sensing light signal of the optical fiber grating displacement sensor changes, and the displacement information obtained by the wavelength demodulation analyzer is transmitted to the control host, and the control host analyzes the displacement information; When the perimeter intrusion is found, the control host judges the intrusion location, the pan-tilt camera rotates to the intrusion location, and collects video images. At the same time, the sound and light alarm sends out sound and light alarms, stores video, displacement, and early warning information, and monitors them through the display screen. show. The invention has the advantages of anti-electromagnetic interference, low early warning false alarm rate, convenient deployment and maintenance, suitable for complex terrain layout, and can link video collection and sound and light alarm functions, and has very broad application prospects.