Hyperbolic wave forward difference self-scanning direct-view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar comprises a continuous laser source, an emission polarization beam splitter, a left arm rear space phase converter, a left arm aperture diaphragm, a left arm front space phase converter, a right arm rear space phase converter, a right arm aperture diaphragm, a right arm front space phase converter, an emission polarization beam combiner, an emission primary mirror, a receiving telescope, a polarization interference autodyne photoelectric receiver, an AD converting and preprocessing device, an echo data storer and a computer. According to the hyperbolic wave forward difference self-scanning direct-view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar, a light modulator is not needed, synchronous correlation of light and electrons during emission and receiving is not needed, the structure is quite simple, the influence of echo delay is avoided, system receive sensitivity is quite high, and the inherent advantages of direct-view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar are reserved. The hyperbolic wave forward difference self-scanning direct-view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar is suitable for observation and imaging from space to earth under various relative movement speeds and operating ranges and detection of spatial moving targets in the aerospace field and is based on the retrosynthesis aperture principle.