The invention discloses a cane harvester which comprises a machine frame, a walking mechanism, a cane supporting mechanism, a cutting device, a conveying mechanism, a waste discharging device, a material gathering device, a power mechanism, a hydraulic power system and corresponding control systems, wherein the material gathering device is mounted on the part, on the tail portion of the cane harvester, of the machine frame, the waste discharging device is arranged above the material gathering device, the material gathering device comprises a material gathering box, a material gathering box bearing frame, a material gathering box lifting mechanism and a material gathering box dumping oil cylinder, and the waste discharging device comprises a three-channel box body, an air blower waste discharging component, an overturning oil cylinder, a locking oil cylinder, a latch and a limiting pin. According to the cane harvester, the problem that dumping of the material gathering mechanism is limited by the waste discharging device is solved, integrated automatic harvesting is achieved, full-automatic material gathering, dumping and loading are achieved, production efficiency is improved, and the problems that a loading vehicle enters a cane filed to cause soil compaction and crane head damage and affect the germination rate of canes the next year are solved.