Method for fast decomposition in deep tillage and returning of crop stalks in cold regions

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for fast decomposition in deep tillage and returning of crop stalks in cold regions. The method comprises the following steps: when the crops are harvested in autumn, harvesting the crop stalks and grains together by using a harvesting machine, carrying out coarse crushing on the crop stalks and uniformly spreading on the surface of the field; then carrying out secondary crushing on the stalks crushed primarily by using a stalk crushing machine, wherein the length of the crushed stalks is less than or equal to 15cm; spraying aqueous urine solution with the concentration of 5% on the surfaces of the stalks by using a liquid sprayer, and adjusting C/N of the stalks to be (35-40):1; inoculating a cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent with the stalk amount of 0.1%; and overturning the stalks into deep soil by 30cm by using a large plow. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that by optimizing the stalk crushing degree, adjustment of C/N of the stalks, inoculation of the cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent and optimization of a stalk plowing-depth technology, the decomposition rate of the crop stalks can be increased, and the soil fertility can be cultured; and the stalk returning has no influence on the emergence rate of crops next year, the yield of the crops can be increased, the economic benefit value can be increased, simultaneously the agricultural non-point source pollution can be reduced, the agricultural sustainable development can be maintained and the economic benefit and the ecological benefit are obvious.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to a method for deep plowing and returning crop straws in cold regions to rapid decomposition. Background technique [0002] The northern part of my country is the main agricultural production area, mainly planting corn, soybeans and paddy fields. Since the reclamation of cultivated land, due to the improper combination of land use and land cultivation, the content of organic matter in the soil has decreased, and the soil fertility has decreased, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture. The arable land area is large, the aquaculture industry is underdeveloped, and the main method of fertilizing the soil is the direct return of crop straw to the field. The problems in the northern region are that the annual average ground temperature is low, the decomposition rate of straw is low, and the power of farm machinery is small. The depth of burial is shallo...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] The northern part of my country is the main agricultural production area, mainly planting corn, soybeans and paddy fields. Since the reclamation of cultivated land, due to the improper combination of land use and land cultivation, the content of organic matter in the soil has decreased, and the soil fertility has decreased, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture. The arable land area is large, the aquaculture industry is underdeveloped, and the main method of fertilizing the soil is the direct return of crop straw to the field. The problems in the northern region are that the annual average ground temperature is low, the decomposition rate of straw is low, and the power of farm machinery is small. The depth of burial is shallow, and part of the stalks are exposed to the ground after burial, which affects the emergence rate and growth of crops in the next year, which in turn affects crop yield. Most of the crop stalks are burned in the field, which not only wastes resources, but also causes environmental pollution

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