The invention discloses a digital adjustable damping handle device and a zero point positioning method therefor. The device comprises a support (10), a scale cover (2), a rotating shaft (5), a handle rod (1), a left shaft sleeve (10), a right shaft sleeve (4), a belleville spring (6), a frictional ring (3), a rotary encoder (9), and an operating platform (12). An adjustable damping force is generated through the belleville spring (6). A handle can be positioned at any position in a working section, and an operation force can be adjusted quickly. The device enables an angle input signal to be converted into a digital signal through the rotary encoder (9), carries out the zero point setting and angle conversion of the raw data of the rotary encoder (9), and obtains effective control parameters, thereby controlling a control object. According to the invention, an angle control parameter is converted into a digital control parameter, and the control precision is improved through data processing. The device is simple and reliable in structure, is convenient for damping adjustment, and is long in service life.