40results about "Refining with solid alkaline material" patented technology

The invention is a method of removing sulfur from a hydrocarbon feed using the steps of dissolving metallic sodium in a solvent and combining the sodium / solvent solution with a liquid hydrocarbon feed containing an organosulfur species. The pressure of combination is above the vapor pressure of the solvent. The combined hydrocarbon feed and solvent solution are placed in a low pressure environment to vaporize the solvent. The resulting stream is combined with hydrogen gas and this stream is heated and pressurized to form a liquid hydrocarbon product containing sodium sulfide. This product is then cooled, and the sodium sulfide is extracted.

A method of upgrading a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed by removing heteroatom contaminants is disclosed. The method includes contacting the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with an oxidant to oxidize the heteroatoms, contacting the oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with caustic and a selectivity promoter, and removing the heteroatom contaminants from the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed. The oxidant may be used in the presence of a catalyst.

This invention is a method for reducing the total acid number of organic acid containing petroleum oil comprising forming a water-in-oil emulsion comprising an aqueous Group IIA metal hydroxide solution or slurry in a hydrocarbon oil, said water-in-oil emulsion having an aqueous droplet particle size diameter of from 1 to 25μ, adding the water-in-oil emulsion to the organic acid containing petroleum oil and permitting the mixture to stand for a time sufficient to permit the neutralization of the organic acids in the petroleum oil.

A reaction system and method for removing heteroatoms from oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon streams and products derived therefrom are disclosed. An oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed is reacted in a reaction system thereby forming non-ionic hydrocarbon products. The products derived therefrom are useful as transportation fuels, lubricants, refinery intermediates, or refinery feeds.

A method of upgrading a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed by removing heteroatom contaminants is disclosed. The method includes contacting the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with an oxidant to oxidize the heteroatoms, contacting the oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with caustic and a selectivity promoter, and removing the heteroatom contaminants from the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed. The oxidant may be used in the presence of a catalyst.

A reaction system and method for removing heteroatoms from oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon streams and products derived therefrom are disclosed. An oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed is reacted in a reaction system thereby forming non-ionic hydrocarbon products. The products derived therefrom are useful as transportation fuels, lubricants, refinery intermediates, or refinery feeds.

A process for deeply desulfurizing light oil by use of solid alkali features the combination of solid alkali with deodoriing step. Its advantages are simple apparatus and process, high effect on removing alcohol and sulfur and low pollution.

A method of upgrading a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed by removing heteroatom contaminants is disclosed. The method includes contacting the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with an oxidant to oxidize the heteroatoms, contacting the oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with caustic and a selectivity promoter, and removing the heteroatom contaminants from the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed. The oxidant may be used in the presence of a catalyst.

In some embodiments, the invention is a method of removing sulfur from a hydrocarbon feed using the steps of dissolving metallic sodium in a first solvent, combining the sodium / first solvent solution with a sulfur-free alkane or cycloalkane second solvent, vaporizing the first solvent from sodium / first solvent / second solvent combination to transfer the dissolved metallic sodium into the second solvent, and then combine the resultant liquid with a liquid hydrocarbon feed containing an organosulfur species. The resulting stream is combined with a hydrogen donor. The combination is heated and pressurized to form a liquid hydrocarbon product containing sodium sulfide. The liquid hydrocarbon product containing sodium sulfide is then cooled, and the sodium sulfide is extracted.

The invention is a method of removing sulfur from a hydrocarbon feed using the steps of dissolving metallic sodium in a solvent and combining the sodium / solvent solution with a liquid hydrocarbon feed containing an organosulfur species. The pressure of combination is above the vapor pressure of the solvent. The combined hydrocarbon feed and solvent solution are placed in a low pressure environment to vaporize the solvent. The resulting stream is combined with hydrogen gas and this stream is heated and pressurized to form a liquid hydrocarbon product containing sodium sulfide. This product is then cooled, and the sodium sulfide is extracted.

A method of upgrading a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed by removing oxidized-heteroatom contaminants is disclosed. The method includes contacting the oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with a caustic and a selectivity promoter, and removing the heteroatom contaminants from the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed.

A process for using solid alkali and agent-alkali to deeply desulfurizing the liquefied petroleum gas and light hydrocarbon features that the raw material to be treated passes sequentially through liquid alkali (or solid alkali) washing tank (or tower), liquid-liquid countercurrent extracting tower, and settling separation tank to separate out the refined product and extracting liquid. The agent-alkali liquid also passes through oxidizing regeneration tower and back extracting tower for cyclic use.

A method of recovering hydrocarbon or synthetic base oils from used oil-based drilling mud utilizes acid to deactivate emulsifiers in the drilling mud for altering the emulsion stability and permitting removal of the solids contained in the drilling mud using conventional separation such as centrifugation. A surfactant is typically added to prevent water-wetting as a result of the addition of the acid. The recovered base oil contains substantially all of the deactivated emulsifiers, which can be reactivated through the addition of lime, allowing new drilling fluids to be prepared without the need to add significant amounts of emulsifier to the recycled base oil.

Refractory or hard sulfur found in a hydrocarbon stream containing refractory sulfur heterocycle compounds, particularly those exhibiting steric hindrance, is removed from the stream by contacting it with a sodium reagent comprising a sodium component, having free sodium, supported on a solid support component. If the hydrocarbon stream contains more labile or easy sulfur, then it is treated, typically by hydrodesulfurization, to remove at least most of the labile sulfur before it is contacted with the sodium reagent. This is useful for bringing the sulfur level of middle distillate fuel streams, such as diesel and jet fuel fractions, down to a level of less than about 10 wppm, employing conventional hydrodesulfurizing catalysts and conditions.

A method of upgrading a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed by removing oxidized-heteroatom contaminants is disclosed. The method includes contacting the oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed with a caustic and a selectivity promoter, and removing the heteroatom contaminants from the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed.

The invention relates to a preparation method for an acid removal agent of lubricating oil. The acid removal agent takes one or a plurality of substances of ZnCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, and NaOH, and the like, as raw material and compounds into solution in certain concentration. Within 40 to 95 DEG C, the solution is mixed with one or a plurality of activated clay, bentonite and diatomite, and the like, and then added into NaOH solution in certain quantity and concentration. After a period of reaction under the condition of heat prevention, the mixture is filtered, washed and dried to obtain a solid acid removal agent. The solid acid removal agent can react with acid components in the base oil of the lubricating oil so that the acid components are absorbed on the acid removal agent to effectively decrease the acid value of the base oil of the lubricating oil. When in use, the lubricating oil is heated to the temperature of 40 DEG C to 250 DEG C and the acid removal agent is fully mixed with the lubricating oil by 0.1 percent to 5 percent (the mass fraction of the acid removal agent). At the set temperature, the acid removal agent reacts with the acid components in the lubricating oil, which is absorbed on the acid removal agent; meanwhile, the acid value of the lubricating oil can decrease below 0.01mgKOH / g.

In some embodiments, the invention is a method of removing sulfur from a hydrocarbon feed using the steps of dissolving metallic sodium in a first solvent, combining the sodium / first solvent solution with a sulfur-free alkane or cycloalkane second solvent, vaporizing the first solvent from sodium / first solvent / second solvent combination to transfer the dissolved metallic sodium into the second solvent, and then combine the resultant liquid with a liquid hydrocarbon feed containing an organosulfur species. The resulting stream is combined with a hydrogen donor. The combination is heated and pressurized to form a liquid hydrocarbon product containing sodium sulfide. The liquid hydrocarbon product containing sodium sulfide is then cooled, and the sodium sulfide is extracted. The extracted sodium sulfide is then processed in a sodium sulfur cell to regenerate the sodium and recycle it to the feed.

A process to facilitate gravimetric separation of alkali metal salts, such as alkali metal sulfides and polysulfides, from alkali metal reacted hydrocarbons. The disclosed process is part of a method of upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock by removing heteroatoms and / or one or more heavy metals from the hydrocarbon feedstock composition. This method reacts the oil feedstock with an alkali metal and an upgradant hydrocarbon. The alkali metal reacts with a portion of the heteroatoms and / or one or more heavy metals to form an inorganic phase containing alkali metal salts and reduced heavy metals, and an upgraded hydrocarbon feedstock. The inorganic phase may be gravimetrically separated from the upgraded hydrocarbon feedstock after mixing at a temperature between about 350 DEC G to 400 DEC G for a time period between about 15 minutes and 2 hours.

An oil, such as a mineral oil, for example, transformer oil, is contacted with calcium carbide and the mixture is stirred until a liquid phase containing less than 1 ppm water and a solid phase containing Ca(OH)2 and unreacted CaC2 are obtained. The oil obtained can be used to give samples of known quantities of water by adding corresponding amounts thereto.

The present invention discloses one kind of alkaline purificant for eliminate acid matters from basic oil for lubricant oil, and features that the alkaline purificant consists of aluminosilicate carrier in 90-99.9 wt% and inorganic base or inorganic salt in 0.1-10 wt%. The alkaline purificant is used in eliminating acid matters from basic oil for lubricant oil to lower the neutralization number of the oil from 0.05-0.07 mgKOH / g to 0.02 mgKOH / g. Compared with hydrogen as the alkaline purificant for basic oil of lubricant oil, the alkaline purificant has one 20 % lowered production cost.

The present invention is a method of removing sulphur from a hydrocarbon feed stream, comprising the steps of:(a) dissolving sodium in a liquid solvent to form a solution containing sodium atoms;(b) combining the liquid solution from step (a) with a liquid hydrocarbon feed containing an organosulfur component to form a combined stream at a temperature of addition and at a pressure near or above the vapor pressure of the solvent at the temperature of addition;(c) reacting the combined stream for sufficient reaction time and at sufficient reaction temperature to form a modified composition comprising one or more sulfur-containing species and less of the organosulfur species than had been present in the hydrocarbon feed;(d) extracting a portion of the sulfur-containing species from the modified composition.

The invention discloses a gasoline or diesel modifying and activating device which consists of a stainless steel wire bag, a cloth lining bag, a gasoline or diesel modifying and activating substance carrying four ore fines and a permanent magnet outside the cylinder; and the four ores are rare earth ores, far infrared ores, ores containing ferric oxide and magnetite ores. The device can be immerged in the fuel in cylinders of cars, trucks and motorcycles for saving fuel and protecting environment. The invention solves the problems of modification and quality improvement of the gasoline and diesel and the sliding of the modifying and activating device in the car cylinders. The former formula has difficulty in decomposing molecular groups of hydrocarbons, and especially can do nothing to the chemical bonds of alkyl aromatic compounds. The rays of the rare earth ores in the device can generate free radicals, negative ions and positive ions around the solid-gas interface or solid-liquid interface so as to cut off the Vander Waals force between the gasoline molecules and weaken or break C-H bond and C-C bond of aromatic hydrocarbons, thereby generating free radicals and ions, improving activities and having no influence on human health.

The invention discloses a porous foamed liquid-phase dechlorinating agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The liquid-phase dechlorinating agent comprises a porous foamed ceramic carrier and a composite coating formed on the porous foamed ceramic carrier, wherein the composite coating comprises a binder and a nano oxide. The liquid-phase dechlorinating agent has the advantages of being high in chlorine capacity, high in mechanical strength, high in water resistance, easy to prepare and the like, the crushing strength of the dechlorinating agent is larger than 100 N / cm,and the chlorine penetration capacity at the temperature of 50 DEG C can reach 60% or above.

Refractory or hard sulfur found in a hydrocarbon stream containing refractory sulfur heterocycle compounds, particularly those exhibiting steric hindrance, is removed from the stream by contacting it with a sodium reagent comprising a sodium component, having free sodium, supported on a solid support component. If the hydrocarbon stream contains more labile or easy sulfur, then it is treated, typically by hydrodesulfurization, to remove at least most of the labile sulfur before it is contacted with the sodium reagent. This is useful for bringing the sulfur level of middle distillate fuel streams, such as diesel and jet fuel fractions, down to a level of less than about 10 wppm, employing conventional hydrodesulfurizing catalysts and conditions.

The present invention relates to a process for converting gaseous products, said process comprising the steps, where a feedstock comprising gaseous products obtained from thermal processing of biomass is subjected to oxidation in the presence of an oxidant, under conditions suitable for enacting said oxidation to yield an oxidation product, and subjecting the oxidation product to condensation in the presence of a basic catalyst to obtain bio-oil. The invention also relates to the use of bio-oil, obtainable by said process, as heating oil, as starting material in processes for producing fuels, fuel components, fine chemicals, chemical building-blocks, and solvents.

Treatment compositions for neutralizing acidic species and reducing hydrochloride and amine salts in a fluid hydrocarbon stream are disclosed. The treatment compositions may comprise at least one amine with a salt precipitation potential index of equal to or less than about 1.0. Methods for neutralizing acidic species and reducing deposits of hydrochloride and amine salts in a hydrocarbon refining process are also disclosed. The methods may comprise providing a fluid hydrocarbon stream and adding a treatment composition to the fluid hydrocarbon stream. The treatment compositions used may have a salt precipitation potential index of equal to or less than about 1.0 and comprise either water-soluble or oil-soluble amines.

Treatment compositions for neutralizing acidic species and reducing hydrochloride and amine salts in a fluid hydrocarbon stream are disclosed. The treatment compositions may comprise at least one amine with a salt precipitation potential index of equal to or less than about 1.0. Methods for neutralizing acidic species and reducing deposits of hydrochloride and amine salts in a hydrocarbon refining process are also disclosed. The methods may comprise providing a fluid hydrocarbon stream and adding a treatment composition to the fluid hydrocarbon stream. The treatment compositions used may have a salt precipitation potential index of equal to or less than about 1.0 and comprise either water-soluble or oil-soluble amines.

The invention relates to an alkaline ceramic grease deacidification agent preparation method and belongs to the technical field of grease deacidification agents. The preparation method includes taking diatomite as aggregate, coating the polyurethane surface with diatomite slurry, and roasting to form so as to obtain diatomite ceramics; modifying through a three-dimensional netted structure, and enabling nanometer silicon particles to grow on the surface of the three-dimensional netted structure evenly so as to obtain diatomite-based porous ceramics of a multi-stage porous structure; using the diatomite-based porous ceramics as a supporter to support alkaline liquor so as to obtain an alkaline ceramic grease deacidification agent. The alkaline ceramic grease deacidification agent is easy to recover and free of environmental pollution, is capable of increasing the effective contact area between alkali and free fatty acids by taking the advantages of intrinsic porosity, large specific surface area and high adsorption capacity, and enables a reaction rate to be increased under the combined action of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, so that the free fatty acids are removed effectively.