The invention discloses a method for controlling earth surface water and soil loss of an underground layered mineral product mining subsidence area. According to the method, according to the soil body stress distribution or the deformation feature difference caused by the elevation change of a mining area ground surface subsidence basin, the water physical property of a ground surface soil body in different water containing conditions is utilized, the soil body plasticity is improved, pull cracks of a soil body are reduced, and therefore the depth perpendicular infiltration function caused by the cracks in the soil corrosion process is achieved. On the mining area ground surface, the soil body water containing rate is adjusted through an auxiliary technology for quantitative water spraying, the ground crack development degree of an expanding time zone of the mining subsidence basin is controlled, and the water and soil loss acting degree caused by the crack preferential flow action is lowered. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that a large machine is not needed for construction, the input is low in the mine lot environmental governance technology method, and the governance cost is low; the ground surface soil body does not need to be chemically improved through the method, the micro-ecology environment in the soil body cannot be damaged, and the method is suitable for the fragile ecological environment in a mine lot.