Provides an auxiliary marker for disease identification consisting of decanoylcarnitine, cysteine and bile acids. The present invention also provides a method for constructing a disease identification model, which includes: step 1, obtaining a training case set, and the subjects in the training case set include oral lichen planus patients and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. In step 2, the serum sample of the subject is collected, and the serum sample is subjected to ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole / electrostatic field orbitrap tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis to obtain oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Multiple differential metabolites; step 3, using variable weight importance ranking and receiver operating characteristic curves to determine decanoylcarnitine, cysteine and bile acids from multiple differential metabolites as a disease discrimination model. The invention provides a disease identification model, which can identify and distinguish oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma at an early stage, and has the advantages of minimally invasive and high accuracy.