The invention relates to a wireless sensor network data collection method applied to real-time monitoring, which comprises two processes of routing building and data transmission. In the router building process, a common coding mode is adopted, the data packet is subjected to cyclic redundancy check and then multipath routing meeting the requirements is built according to the load, link channel quality, hop number and other indexes; and in the data transmission process, a common coding mode or an enhanced type coding mode can be adopted, when the wireless channel conditions are poor, the enhanced type coding mode is adopted, that is, the data packet is subjected to segmentation, cyclic redundancy check, channel coding and bit interleave, whether the routing is switched is judged according to the current load of a father node in a routing list at the same time, when data packet is retransmitted, a physical layer, a data link layer and a routing layer are needed to be combined, multipath routing of the neighbor node of the father node is started for coordinated transmission, and a receiving node adopts a data packet receiving pooling technique. The wireless sensor network data collection method has the advantages of high routing building speed, low routing maintaining expense, high data transmission reliability and low time delay.