629 results about "Differential motion" patented technology

Embodiments include a motion estimation method performed in a parallel processing system that determines a list of several candidate motion vectors for a macroblock of a video image and retains them through multiple computation passes. All candidate motion vectors are used as potential neighboring predictors, so that the best combination of differential vectors rises to the top of the candidate list. Numerous combinations of differential motion vectors are considered during the process that compares motion vectors among up to eight neighboring macroblocks, instead of simply between pairs of macroblocks. The motion estimation system is configured to use a large number of compute engines, such as on a highly parallel GPU platform. This is achieved by having no dependencies between macroblocks except one per pass. This allows the number of calculations per pass to be very large.

Techniques and tools for joint coding and decoding of reference field selection information and differential motion vector information are described. For example, a video decoder decodes a variable length code that jointly represents differential motion vector information and a motion vector predictor selection for a motion vector. The decoder then reconstructs the motion vector based at least in part on the differential motion vector information and the motion vector predictor selection. A video encoder performs corresponding processing.

A method of motion vector prediction for use in differential motion vector coding within a block motion-compensation-based video coder. The video coder employs a generalized multiple reference picture buffer which may contain multiple reference pictures in both the forward and backward temporal direction from the current picture. For the purpose of coding selections of reference pictures within the buffer, the pictures are organized into two, potentially overlapping, lists of reference pictures. The prediction of a motion vector that selects a reference picture using a given reference picture list is not dependent upon any motion vectors that select their reference pictures using the other reference picture list. The values of spatially neighbouring motion vectors that use the same list of reference pictures as the notion vector being predicted are used for prediction, regardless of the relative temporal direction of the current and neighbouring motion vectors.

The invention discloses a differential speed reciprocating internal combustion engine. It consists of one or more cylinders, a pair of pistons in each cylinder, and a crank connecting rod mechanism for each piston. The piston pair consists of a power piston and an auxiliary piston that are positioned oppositely in the same cylinder. The pistons keep a differential angle of 35°-75° CA and make differential speed movement under the control of a coordination mechanism. Since combustion takes place at a position close to the middle of the travel of the power piston, the crank connecting rod mechanism has a large lever arm coefficient when it is under the maximum combustion pressure. Thus the combustion thermal energy can be more efficiently utilized.

A method of encoding a motion vector includes: selecting one of a plurality of predicted candidate motion vector sets by using motion information of neighboring blocks of a current block; selecting one of predicted candidate motion vectors within a selected predicted candidate motion vector set, as a predicted motion vector; encoding a differential motion vector representing a difference between a current motion vector or motion vector of the current block and a selected predicted motion vector; and encoding a predicted motion vector index indicating the selected predicted motion vector. As a motion vector is encoded after selecting an efficient predicted candidate motion vector set, the size of a differential vector to be encoded can be reduced without necessarily encoding additional information to indicate which set of predicted candidate motion vectors has been selected, resulting in improved compression efficiency of motion vectors and in turn the improved video compression efficiency.

The present invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for encoding a motion vector, and to a method and to an apparatus for encoding / decoding an image using same. The apparatus for encoding the motion vector according to the present invention comprises: a prediction candidate selector for selecting one or more motion vector prediction candidates; a prediction motion vector determiner for determining a prediction motion vector from among the one or more motion vector prediction candidates; and a differential motion vector encoder for calculating a differential motion vector by subtracting the determined prediction motion vector from the present motion vector, and encoding the differential motion vector.The present invention encodes a motion vector by using the prediction motion vector which is more accurately predicted, and reduces the bitrate for encoding information on the prediction motion vector, thus improving compression efficiency.

A fleet of vessels attached together longitudinally (rows), and transversely (columns) and operating in unison convert wave energy to electrical energy which is stored in either a chemical or electrical form. The vessels when detached from the fleet provide transportation to coastal or by navigable waterway ports of call for distribution to market centers. Both wind wave and swell wave energy conversion is performed by use of the differential motion between the vessels. Means are provided for the energy conversion systems to adapt to changes in wave direction, wave length, amplitude, and phase. Such vessels are self powered for off shore or inland waterway navigation, either singularly or in multiples, with which to deliver energy to other sea going vessels or to land based ports of call. Two or more of such vessels are capable of using the energy of waves during the delivery process. The fleet can maintain a designated geographical location by dynamic positioning. Alternatively, the fleet may maintain its designated position by moorage of a designated centrally located vessel in the fleet to a permanent anchoring system when operating at appropriate depths.

The invention relates to an electric secondary AC circuit detection method which comprises the following steps: before a power plant machine set is started, a low-voltage short-circuit point or a short-circuit bogie is input; three-phase 380 V voltage is added at the high-voltage side of a booster station to form a circuit by means of the impedance of a transformer and a generator; current amplitude and phase are measured through a current detecting apparatus to check polarity and transformation ratio in advance; all current protective directions such as generator differential motion are measured. When a neutral point is not connected, a short-circuit point is made at a high plant transformer low-voltage side, and the three-phase 380 V voltage is added at the neutral point of the generator, thereby realizing overall checkup of a generator AC circuit; then, the three-phase 380 V voltage is converted into one-phase voltage or two-phase voltage to carry out overall checkup of a zero sequence circuit. The detection method can check all CT and PT circuits of a generation-transformer group before power transmission; moreover, all protection directions of the generation-transformer group are checked in advance, thereby saving time and fuel oil along with economical efficiency, environmental protection and safety. The electric secondary AC circuit detection method can check secondary circuits such as the transformer and the bus differential protection of a transformer substation.

A sensor for sensing bioacoustic energy includes a housing comprising an interfacing portion configured to establish coupling with a body part during use. The sensor includes a transducer element coupled to the interfacing portion of the housing and configured to sense sounds produced by matter of biological origin. One or more conductors are coupled to the transducer element. A mass element is compliantly coupled to a surface of the transducer element. Intervening material is disposed between the transducer element surface and the mass element, and allows for differential motion between the transducer element surface and the mass element during excitation of the transducer element.

A wave energy converting apparatus 44 and its associated tension mooring system 50 is described. The wave energy converting apparatus 44 comprises an elongate support structure 45 designed to extend above a mean water level in the ocean. The support structure 45 has a submerged member 46 provided in connection therewith below the mean water level. A float member 48 of positive buoyancy is slidably mounted on the support structure 45 so as to be movable in a vertical direction. The apparatus 44 also comprises a linear electric generator 49 having a stator provided in connection with the support structure 45 and a translator integrated into the body of the float member 48. Differential motion of the float member 48 relative to the support structure 45 results in the generation of electrical power by the linear electric generator 49. The tension mooring system 50 comprises a cable 51 extending from a ballast means 52 to a counterbalancing means 53 adapted to be suspended from the submerged member 46 via a pulley mechanism 54. The tension mooring system 50 allows the apparatus 44 to be “tuned” to the prevailing ocean conditions.

A differential device is provided with a case being capable of rotation around a rotation axis; a differential gear set housed in and drivingly coupled to the case, which includes first and second output gears and is configured to differentially transmit the rotation of the case to the first and second output gears; a clutch configured to controllably limit and free a differential motion between the first and second output gears, which is housed in the case; an actuator configured to actuate the clutch; and a notifying member configured to notify whether the differential motion is limited or freed to an exterior of the case.

The invention relates to a programmable multi-axis controller based on an IEEE-1394 serial bus in the technical field of numerical control. The programmable multi-axis controller comprises an IEEE-1394 serial communication interface module, a DSP module, an FPGA module, a differential motion reception module, a DA and operation amplification module, a photoelectric isolation module, a power supply and clock module and an auxiliary module, wherein the DSP module receives motion control information transmitted from the IEEE-1394 serial communication interface module and transmits a generated multi-axis motor pulse instruction to the FPGA module; and the FPGA module outputs the multi-axis motor pulse instruction to the DA and operation amplification module after the storage and frequency division treatment of the instruction so as to complete digital-analog conversion and operation amplification treatment and further control the operation of a multi-axis motor. The programmable multi-axis controller reduces the number of controller elements and the volume of an integrated circuit card, improves the flexibility and the expansibility of a system, and meets the requirements of the multi-axis real-time, high-speed and high-accuracy control in the technical field of numerical control.

A decoder decodes skipped macroblocks of an interlaced frame. Skipped macroblocks use exactly one motion vector and have no motion vector differential information, and lack residual information. The skipped macroblock signal indicates one-motion-vector coding. The skipped macroblock signal can be a compressed bitplane (in a selected bitplane coding mode) sent at frame layer in a bitstream, or an individual bit sent at macroblock layer. In another aspect, an encoder jointly encodes motion compensation type and field / frame coding type for a macroblock in an interlaced P-frame. The encoder also can jointly encode other information for the macroblock (e.g., the presence of a differential motion vector). A decoder decodes a joint code (e.g., a variable length code in a variable length code table) to obtain both motion compensation type and field / frame coding type (and potentially other information) for the macroblock.

The present invention relates to archery, and more specifically relates to a compound bow of reduced size and weight comprising short limbs (Li), small pulleys and small cams while maintaining the performance of the prior art by linking a differential motion cam and a differential motion pulley of a novel design. The present invention has devised a method for dispensing with large cams and decreasing the scale of compound bows by using three different stratagems. The compound bow is decreased in scale through 1. the use of an idler pulley (IP) and a differential motion cam which rotates by a large extent as shown in FIG. 3, 2. the use of both a Y-cam (YC) which rotates by a large extent and a differential motion cam as shown in FIG. 11, and 3. the use of a combination of Y-cams (YC) which rotate by a large extent as shown in FIG. 16; and this compound bow can be used, by way of example, for hunting and sports and for shooting ropes for life saving purposes.

A transmission actuator has a torque generating mechanism for generating a torque from a drive shaft, a speed reduction mechanism for multiplying a torque from the torque generating mechanism through a differential motion produced by a difference in gear ratio between a gearset of a first internally toothed gear and a first externally toothed gear and a gearset of a second internally toothed gear and a second externally toothed gear, a motion direction changing mechanism for converting the torque multiplied into a thrust and a friction engagement mechanism for transmitting power from an input shaft to an output shaft by virtue of the thrust so converted, wherein the drive shaft is made hollow so that the input shaft and the output shaft are disposed in a hollow portion of the drive shaft.

A control device for a vehicle power transmission device including an electrical differential motion portion in which a differential state between input shaft rotation speed and output shaft rotation speed is controlled through control of the operation state of an electric motor linked to a rotating element of a differential motion portion, and a power connection-disconnection device constituting a portion of a power transmission path, includes a controller that lessens a transmission capacity of the power connection-disconnection device if during a switch of the state of the vehicle power transmission device from a non-driving state to a driving state, a change in input torque to the vehicle power transmission device occurs, in comparison with when the change in the input torque does not occur. Therefore, the control device reduces the shift shock when the vehicle power transmission device is switched from the non-driving to the driving state.

The invention discloses a control method for differential-motion power-assisted steering stability of an electric car driven by a wheel hub motor. The method comprises the following steps that (1) the characteristic states formed by yaw velocity deviation and actual side slip angles are extracted; (2) based on the extension theory, extension coordination control correlation functions under different set states are calculated; (3) according to the correlation functions, the corresponding differential-motion power-assisted moment weight coefficient and yawing moment weight coefficient of the correlation functions under the different set states are determined; (4) a differential-motion power-assisted steering controller is built and combined the differential-motion power-assisted moment weight coefficient to obtain the differential-motion power-assisted moment; (5) a yawing moment controller is built and combined with the yawing moment weight coefficient to obtain the yawing moment; (6) according to the actual car speed information, through PID controlling, the total driving turning moment needed by the target car speed is obtained; and (7) the differential-motion power-assisted moment, the yawing moment and the total driving turning moment are distributed, and constraint conditions are built so as to meet the different requirements of a car under different states for turning moment adjustment.

A data processing apparatus may use a video encoder in order to extract motion information from streaming video in real time. Output of the video encoder may be parsed in order to extract motion information associated with one or more objects within the video stream. Motion information may be utilized by e.g., an adaptive controller in order to detect one or more objects salient to a given task. The controller may be configured to determine a control signal associated with the given task. The control signal determination may be configured based on a characteristic of an object detected using motion information extracted from the encoded output. The control signal may be provided to a robotic device causing the device to execute the task. The use of dedicated hardware video encoder output may reduce energy consumption associated with execution of the task and / or extend autonomy of the robotic device.

A differential motion machine for closely simulating natural human motion is provided. A user mountable carriage is designed to slide freely, in the fore and aft directions. The carriage contains a power transfer element, such as pedals, arm levers or the like, which convert the user's motions into a means for propelling the carriage relative to a dynamic element. A dynamic element generally consists of an endless belt or the like driven by a motor or by a slight incline to a base frame which engages the power transfer element. Additionally, a force element causes a force against the carriage preferable relative to the dynamic element. This force to the carriage simulates the drag and other resistances encountered in nature.

A protection method of the industrial frequency variation ratio differential motion in the generator. A industrial frequency variation ratio differential motion element with high sensitivity is formed by the power variation of the machine-end current and neutral-point current in the generator microcomputer protection equipment and can be used to detect the low current fault which can not be or rarely be reflected in the routine steady ratio differential motion. The invention only reflects the fault component, and is unaffected by the load current in the normal running of the generator and transformer and is very little affected by the transition resistance. It adopts the high brake coefficient anti-TA (the current mutual inductor) saturation, and uses the floating threshold technology. The protection has a high sensitivity and a good reliability.

The invention discloses a large-scale heavy-load hybrid driving underwater glider. The large-scale heavy-load hybrid driving underwater glider comprises a glider body, a buoyancy control device, an attitude adjusting device, a folding wing mechanism, an energy module, a main control system, a navigation communication system and a propeller driving system. The main control system controls the buoyancy control device to adjust the buoyancy of the underwater glider, and the attitude adjusting device is integrally connected above the back of the underwater glider to realize the pitch attitude control of the underwater glider. The folding wing mechanism is arranged as a single degree of freedom and comprises a gas spring mechanism, a connecting rod mechanism, a pair of rotating wings and a pairof telescopic wings, wherein the folding wing mechanism is connected with the attitude adjusting device and is fixed in the middle of the glider body and connected with the glider body as a whole. The pair of rotating wings realizes plane rotation under the drive of the connecting rod mechanism, and the pair of telescopic wings realizes stretching and retracting motion. The navigation communication system is used for setting heading and operation tasks. The main control system controls the propeller driving system to realize the propulsion movement and differential motion turning movement.

The invention discloses a method and a device of improving online monitoring accuracy of engine oil metal abrasive particles, designing a detection device capable of improving the online monitoring accuracy of the metal abrasive particles in engine oil and integrating an absolute electromagnetic detection technology, a differential motion electromagnetic detection technology and an array electromagnetic detection technology. According to the method and the device disclosed by the invention, online dynamic detection is carried out on the metal abrasive particles in the engine oil by adopting an integrated combination detection mode of absolute electromagnetic detection, differential motion electromagnetic detection and array electromagnetic detection, so that antijamming capability, monitoring accuracy and monitoring sensitivity of the device are improved, quality of the metal abrasive particles which pass through an oil return pipeline of an engine can be effectively measured in real time, and material quality is simultaneously separated by utilizing the characteristics that magnetic conductivity and electric conductivity of metal abrasive particles of copper abrasive particles, aluminum abrasive particles, iron abrasive particles and the like are different, so that the abrasion condition of the engine is judged, and alarm is sent out when abrasion loss reaches a preset upper limit threshold value, thereby timely eliminating safety hidden dangers due to abrasion of the engine and ensuring normal work of the engine.

The invention belongs to the technical field of special robots and particularly relates to a differential motion driving magnetic adsorption type multifunctional wall climbing robot with small-folding-size mechanical arms, comprising a climbing mechanism and an operation mechanism, wherein the operation mechanism comprises multifunctional mechanical arms and tail end working modules; a base of each multifunctional mechanical arm is fixed on an adsorption type climbing mechanism; and each tail end working module is fixed at the tail end of each multifunctional mechanical arm. According to the invention, the small-folding-size mechanical arms are carried; with the adoption of a five-degree-of-freedom matching manner, the tail end of each arm can work in a working region at any position and any angle; and compared with the other mechanical arms with less degree-of-freedom, the movement of the multifunctional mechanical arms is more flexible. The small-folding-size mechanical arms refer to that the arm folding is more compact and the size of the folded arm is smaller according to explanation; and according to the shape represented on each arm, particularly a large arm adopts a curve design, so that other structures can be avoided when the arms are folded.

The invention discloses a device and a method for automatically picking pineapples. The device comprises a horizontal guide mechanism, propelling and gesture correcting mechanisms, twisting off harvesting mechanisms and a picking platform mechanism for connecting the mechanisms; the horizontal guide mechanism is used for guiding pineapple fruits to the positions between the propelling and gesture correcting mechanisms and the twisting off harvesting mechanisms, which are symmetrically arranged on the picking platform mechanism, by guide flat plates; the propelling and gesture correcting mechanisms are used for applying a backward action force to the pineapples, propelling the pineapple fruits to the positions between two symmetrically arranged and pretensioned picking belts in each twisting off harvesting mechanism and correcting the gestures of the pineapples to be the vertical state; the twisting off harvesting mechanisms twist off the pineapples from stems by using the differential motion of the symmetrically arranged picking belts and then backwards convey the pineapple fruits which are twisted off. The device and method for automatically picking the pineapples can realize automation and high precision and can protect the completeness of the pineapple fruits without the need of subsequent machining, and the picking cost is reduced.

A limited slip differential gear that is simple in construction, small in size and light in weight is provided. The limited slip differential gear includes a pair of divided gear cases that are turned by a driving force of an engine. A pressure ring provided in one of the gear cases is movable in the direction of the wheel axles. Pinion shafts each have an end that is freely engageably supported between the pressure ring and the gear cases. Pinion gears are turnably supported by the pinion shafts. A pair of side gears mesh with the pinion gears positioned therebetween to transmit the driving force to both wheel axles. A multiple disc clutch mechanism provided between one of the gear cases, the side gears and the pressure ring limits differential motion of the side gears when the pressure ring is moved in an axial outward direction.

A differential device differentially distributes a driving force to first and second axles. The differential device is comprised of a differential gear set configured to allow differential motion between the first and second axles, a casing rotatable about an axis, the casing housing and being drivingly coupled with the differential gear set and including a first end wall, a second end wall axially opposed to the first end wall, and a side wall disposed radially outward, which in combination with the first end wall and the second end wall defines a chamber configured to house the differential gear set, a clutch engageable with the differential gear set, a solenoid configured to drive the clutch, which is disposed adjacent to the first end wall, and a magnetic core fixed to the solenoid. The magnetic core is comprised of a sleeve portion snugly and slidably fitting around an outer periphery of the side wall to radially position the core and the solenoid in place.

The invention provides a silicon micro-resonant mode pressure sensor based on a differential motion structure with a coupling beam, relating to a sensor. The silicon micro-resonant mode pressure sensor is provided with a harmonic oscillator, a rectangular silicon island, a rectangular pressure sensitive diaphragm, a silicon frame and a lower layer of glass, wherein the harmonic oscillator is provided with supporting beams, the coupling beam, a movable comb exciting electrode, a movable comb detection electrode, a fixed comb exciting electrode, a fixed comb detection electrode and a vibration mass block; the rectangular pressure sensitive diaphragm is fixed in the silicon frame; the rectangular silicon island is arranged at the position where the stress deflection angle of the rectangular pressure sensitive diaphragm is maximum; the harmonic oscillator is suspended on the surface of the rectangular pressure sensitive diaphragm by the rectangular silicon island through the supporting beams and the supporting beams are connected with the rectangular silicon island; a lead wire electrode is connected with the harmonic oscillator through a flexible beam; the supporting beams are arranged at four corners of the harmonic oscillator; the vibration mass block is connected with the rectangular silicon island and a mechanical coupling beam arranged at the middle part of the harmonic oscillator is used for connecting the vibration mass block; the vibration mass block and the coupling beam are both in suspended states and the vibration mass block is provided with a hole; and the lower layer of glass is arranged at the bottom of the silicon frame.

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for generating / recovering motion information based on predictive motion vector index encoding, and to an apparatus and a method for image encoding / decoding using the same. The image encoding / decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises an image encoder which generates information on the index for a predictive motion vector of a current block based on the motion vector of identically located blocks of a reference frame and the motion vector of blocks existing near the current block, and generates motion information on the current block, including a differential motion vector obtained by subtracting the predictive motion vector from the motion vector of the current block, a reference frame index information and a predictive motion vector index information, when performing inter-prediction for the current block using the reference frame; and an image decoder which recovers the predictive motion vector based on the predictive motion vector index information, adds the recovered predictive motion vector and the differential motion vector to recover the motion vector of the objective block to be decoded, and recovers the objective block based on the recovered motion vector of the objective block.

The invention provides a novel series-parallel connection mass spectrum device system. The system comprises mass spectrum necessary basic subsystems, such as a set of quadrupole mass filter system, a special quadrupole rod / linear ion trap mass analyzer system, an ion guidance system, a quadrupole deflector, a hyperbolic quadrupole rod mass analyzer and ion counter system, a low air pressure linear ion trap mass spectrometer and electron multiplier system, a flight time mass spectrum system, a multi-path gas flow control system, a vacuum gauge, a multi-section differential motion vacuum system and the like. Furthermore, the invention provides a method for operating above systems to perform quantitative analysis in a triplet quadrupole rod mode, qualitative analysis in a quadrupole filtering medium combined high / low air pressure ion trap mode, and quick / high-mass precision analysis in a quadrupole filtering combined flight time mass spectrum mode on ultra-trace materials in a complex matrix, a method for utilizing an effective combination of three different mass analyzers to achieve optimal ion optical parameter adjustment and a method for performing high-precision qualitative and quantitative analysis on the ultra-trace materials.